Elham Rahmani [1 ] Dr.Abdolmajid Liaghat [1] – Prof.Ali Khalili [1]
WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System School of Computer Studies University of Leeds Nuha...
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![Page 1: WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System School of Computer Studies University of Leeds Nuha El-Khalili, Ken Brodlie and David Kessel](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032521/56649d575503460f94a35d92/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System
School of Computer Studies
University of LeedsNuha El-Khalili, Ken Brodlie and David Kessel
http://www.scs.leeds.ac.uk/vis/nuha/AAA/
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
Another Minimally Invasive Surgical (MIS) application
But, on the World Wide Web (WWW)
Why the web ? What is the problem? What is the proposed solution? Evaluation of the solution. What have we learned? Conclusion
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
Why the web?
MIS needs new training methods.
VR solutions are expensive, hardware dedicated and limited in collaboration.
Web-based applications are accessible, portable and affordable.
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
What is the problem?
• Training radiologists on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA).
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
Training skills
• Representational skill
• Procedural and automated skills
• Decision making
• Manoeuvring the surgical tools
• Force perception
• Eye/hand co-ordination
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer is the solution
Background training– Procedure steps– Captured movies– Other information
Practical training environment– Model anatomy in 3D.– Simulate surgical tool behavior.– Special input/output devices.
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer - training simulator
InternetTCP/IP
Physically-based modelling
Java applicationServer
Socket interface
Virtual interface
Java applet
Client
Socket interface
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer- User Interface
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer features
• Representational skill
• Procedural and automated skills
• Decision making
• Manoeuvring the surgical tools
• Force perception
• Eye/hand co-ordination
![Page 10: WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System School of Computer Studies University of Leeds Nuha El-Khalili, Ken Brodlie and David Kessel](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032521/56649d575503460f94a35d92/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer features
• Representational skill
• Procedural and automated skills
• Decision making
• Manoeuvring the surgical tools
• Force perception
• Eye/hand co-ordination
![Page 11: WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System School of Computer Studies University of Leeds Nuha El-Khalili, Ken Brodlie and David Kessel](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032521/56649d575503460f94a35d92/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer features
• Representational skill
• Procedural and automated skills
• Decision making
• Manoeuvring the surgical tools
• Force perception
• Eye/hand co-ordination
A A A - p r o c e d u r e e v a l u a t io n
M e a s u r e m e n t :
U se t h e d is t a n c e to o l t o m e a s u r e t h e fo llo w in g :
A n e u r y s m n e c k :
A n e u r y s m le n g t h :
A n e u r y s m t o b ifu rc a t io n d i s t a n c e :
D e c i s io n :
I s t h e c a se s u it a b le fo r e n d o v a sc u la r p r o c e d u r e : Y e s N o
C o m m e n ts :
U se t h is s p a c e to a d d c o m m e n t s a b o u t a n y e x p e c t e d d if f ic u lt ie s i n t h e p r o c e d u r e .
T h is e v a lu a t io n b e lo n g s t o : ( p le a s e e n t e r y o u r n a m e ) .
M o d e l t y p e n u m b e r :
Se n dC le ar
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer features
• Representational skill
• Procedural and automated skills
• Decision making
• Manoeuvring the surgical tools
• Force perception
• Eye/hand co-ordination
![Page 13: WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System School of Computer Studies University of Leeds Nuha El-Khalili, Ken Brodlie and David Kessel](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032521/56649d575503460f94a35d92/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
WebSTer features
• Representational skill
• Procedural and automated skills
• Decision making
• Manoeuvring the surgical tools
• Force perception
• Eye/hand co-ordination
![Page 14: WebSTer: A Web-based Surgical Training System School of Computer Studies University of Leeds Nuha El-Khalili, Ken Brodlie and David Kessel](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032521/56649d575503460f94a35d92/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
Evaluation of WebSTer
– Background training web pages: focus on audience– Interactive CT display: good for non-radiologist– Decision making form: useful techniques, use for
other decisions– Visual feedback: not achieving the goal– Tool simulation: not realistic or interactive enough
•Subjective questionnaire- results:
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
What have we learned?
• VRML suffers from limitations.
• Web technologies do not support non-standard I/O devices efficiently.
• In training, realism is more important than accuracy.
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January 29, 2000.MMVR 2000
Conclusion
• Training on the WWW is advantageous.
• Current technology supports prototype training applications.
• Technology development is exponential.
• How much realism vs accuracy is needed?