Webinar 5G 101

5G+Cloud+AI+Edge+IOT & Implications on Vertical Industries

Arpit Joshipura GM, Networking, Edge & IOT

The Linux Foundation

Agenda & Topics

› Introduction to Linux Foundation

› Market Trends (Telecom, Enterprise, Cloud)

› Technical Terms Demystified

› Open Source DevOps & Security

› Getting Involved, What’s next & Resources for further learning

› Q&A

What we are NOT covering

› Any topics discussing 5G Spectrum, Radio Frequencies or Country specific auctions of 4G/LTE, 5G Radio

› Vendors, System Integrators or Service Providers names

› Products or Solutions from ecosystem players specifically supporting 5G

› Policies across Government organizations within countries

› Geo-political implication of a global telecom market

› Deep Dive into any one particular area across the stack

Introduction to the Linux Foundation

January 2019 5

The Linux Foundation’s goal is to create the greatest shared technology investment in history by enabling open collaboration across companies, developers and users.

We are the nonprofit organization of choice to build ecosystems that accelerateopen source technology development and commercial adoption on a global scale.

5

The Linux Foundation focuses on creating reliable, secure and sustainable open ecosystems

Successful Open Source Development depends on the complete life cycle of projects, products that market will adopt and deploy

PROJECTS

PROFITS PRODUCTS

PART

ICIP

ATIO

N

DEVELOPER COMMUNITY

MARKETS

TECHNO

LOGY

PRODUCTS

Deployments

6

Today the Linux Foundation is More than LinuxSecurityNetworking

Cloud

AutomotiveBlockchain

Edge/IoTWeb

AI

FilmCI/CD

EnergyHardware

Standards7

Building large, sustainable ecosystems requires collective resources2000+Members From41 Countries

100%of Fortune 100

Tech & Telecom

242,960+Developers

Contributing Code

400+Critical Open Source

Projects

$54.1BSharedValue

The Linux Foundation is a critical part of modern technology

8

9

LF Training 2M+ education enrollments to develop technical talent

Reaching users in over 200 countries

https://www.lfnetworking.org/resources/networking-training-courses/

Market Trends

2

3

1

Open Compliance, Standards + OSS Harmonization & Use Case driven deployments gaining traction

Open Networking, Edge & IOT are critical in the new normal across vertical industries

Edge is the next Cloud

Open Industries

“Open-Sourcification”

Telecom at the forefront+

Automotive

+

Motion Pictures

+

Fintech

+

Public Health

+

Energy

5G and Edge Critical in the Next Battle, a new normal!Edge is 4X the Size* of Cloud Market !

“As businesses and governments establish their own new normal, 5G and Edge computing will be necessary to deliver the automation, performance and cognitive insight required by many industries—including manufacturing, healthcare, energy and utilities, among others. Telecom operators will need to embrace open ecosystems to externalize innovation and accelerate new services.”

http://www.chetansharma.com/publications/edge-internet-economy/

Technology Disruption, enabled by Open Source

14

The LF is Changing the Fabric of Networking“…bringing top networking vendors, operators, service providers, and users together.”

VIRTUALIZATION

DISAGGREGATION

AUTOMATION

CLOUD NATIVE

NETWORK FUNCTIONS

VIRTUALIZATION

SOFTWARE DEFINED

NETWORKING

ORCHESTRATION

Why Open Networking & Edge

“From Cost Savings to Market Adoption”

Source: LF Edge Community Survey, Sept 2020

Top ReasonsMarket Creation, Adoption Acceleration &

Collaboration

2

3

1

Open Compliance, Standards + OSS Harmonization & Use Case driven deployments gaining traction

Open Networking (5G & Automation), Edge & IOT are critical in the new normal across vertical industries

Edge is the next Cloud

Leading Open Interop & complianceLF Networking’s Anuket (OPNFV + CNTT)

LF Edge’s Akraino Blueprints

4Beyond CodePOC toProduction

Open Compliance & Verification

Open Interop & Testing

Open Training & Certification

SDO or OSS

Is it Standards OR Open Source?

“Harmonize” was a hot word 3 years ago

Unification well beyond Standards - now Open Source communities, Markets, Verticals are taking direction from the LFN playbook Linux Foundation Projects are

harmonized with Standards

2

3

1

Open Compliance, Standards + OSS Harmonization & Use Case driven deployments gaining traction

Open Networking (5G & Automation), Edge & IOT are critical in the new normal across vertical industries

Edge is the next Cloud

Edge Applications

New Vertical Industries Enabled by Edge

New Applications

New Revenue

New Use Cases

Source: 451 Research

Dedicated, Operated Shared, XaaS

Regional Data CentersDistributed Devices and Systems

Research and Reports

Buildings / Factories / Smart HomesAccess

Networks

User Edge Service Provider Edge

MCU-based devices

Smartphones, PCs, ruggedized IoT gateways and servers

in accessible to semi-secure areas

Server-based compute at TelcoNetwork and Edge Exchange Sites

Servers in secure on-prem data centers, MDCs

Embedded compute

Server-based compute at Regional Telco and Direct

Peering Sites

Servers in traditional cloud data centers

Last Mile N

etwo

rks

Applications

Infrastructure

Constrained Device Edge Smart Device Edge On-Prem DataCenter Edge Access Edge Regional Edge

LOC

ATIO

NSAggregation

Hubs/COsCentralized Data Centers

Stage 1: At Large ProjectsBaetyl, Open Horizon, Secure Device Onboard

Stage 2: Growth ProjectsEVE, Fledge, Home Edge, State of the Edge

Stage 3: Impact ProjectsAkraino, EdgeX Foundry

LF Edge Projects

Dedicated, Operated Shared, XaaS

Regional Data CentersDistributed Devices and Systems Buildings / Factories / Smart Homes

AccessNetworks

User Edge Service Provider Edge

MCU-based devices

Smartphones, PCs, ruggedized IoT gateways and servers

in accessible to semi-secure areas

Server-based compute at TelcoNetwork and Edge Exchange Sites

Servers in secure on-prem data centers, MDCs

Embedded compute

Server-based compute at Regional Telco and Direct

Peering Sites

Servers in traditional cloud data centers

Last Mile N

etwo

rksConstrained Device Edge Smart Device Edge On-Prem Data

Center Edge Access Edge Regional Edge

LOCATIO

NSAggregation

Hubs/COsCentralized Data Centers

ELIOT IOT GW/uCPE

Telco Appliance -Radio Edge Cloud (REC)

Connected VehicleIEC - Type 1

IEC - Type 2-5

KNI Provider Access Edge (PAE) & Industrial Edge

ICNPrivate 5G

Network Cloud Family

Micro-MEC

The AI Edge – Security, Autonomous Vehicle, Federated Learning

5G MEC – Cloud Gaming

5G MEC - Enterprise

R4 Blueprints (New)

R1/R2/R3 enhanced Blueprints

Applications

Infrastructure

LF Edge: Akraino R4 Blueprints

Public Cloud Edge Interface

IIoT – Predictive Maintenance KubeEdge

Observations

1. Network is even more important in the new world! End Users (Enterprises, Governments, Countries) have a vast array of open options using “infra/software” right near their premises

2. Open Source Collaboration (beyond code) is the way to go. Driven by faster innovation, security and time to revenue & deployment Use Cases

3. Edge is new Cloud and is enabled with technologies like 5G+Cloud+AI+IOT

Terms De-mystified

Terms de-mystified

Technology Terms

› SDN/NFV

› Disaggregation

› NOS

› Cloud Native

› 5G

Architecture Terms

› Core

› Edge

› Access

› Infrastructure

› Data Plane

› Control Plane

› Orchestration

› Automation

› AI/ML/Analytics

› Killer Apps (CNF/VNF/Workload)

Open Source DevOps

› CI/CD

› DevOps

› Upstream/Downstream

› Security

Technology Terms

Disaggregation, White Boxes, Open Hardware

Equipment- Core Telecom- Switches- Routers- Servers- Storage - Data Center IT- SDDC

Network OS for Disaggregated Switches

Enterprise Data Center

ContainersCloudNative

From Virtualization to Cloud Native

•Cloud native computing uses an open source software stack to:– segment applications into microservices,– package each part into its own container– and dynamically orchestrate those containers

to optimize resource utilization

OpenSourceIaaS

PaaSOpenSourcePaaS

Virtualiza-tion

2000 2001 2006 2009 2010 2011

Non-VirtualizedHardware

2013 2015

IaaS

5G 101For consumers, enterprises and CSPs, 5G offers significant, compelling advantages over 4G:

› Capacity: 5G is designed to support a 100x increase in traffic capacity.

› Bandwidth (speed): 5G delivers up to 20 Gbps peak data rates and 100+ Mbps average data rates.

› Scaling (agility): 5G network slicing enables a single physical network to be partitioned into multiple virtual networks, each optimized for the different needs of specific users.

› Latency: 5G delivers more instantaneous, real-time access via a 10x decrease in end-to-end latency down to 1ms.

› Capability: 5G not only elevates mobile broadband experiences, but also supports new services such as mission-critical communications and large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) deployments.

› The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is the organization responsible for 5G standards. Two releases are relevant to current 5G deployments, while one provides an indicator of future capabilities:

› Release 15 in 2019 included support for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) and massive machine-type communications (mMTC) in a single network. It also supported 28GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum and multi-antenna technologies.

› Release 16 in 2020 added standards for connected cars, smart factories, private networks and public safety to meet the needs of more diverse industries.

› Release 17, due in 2022 following delays as a result of COVID-19, will bring features such as URLLC for industrial IoT (IIoT), integrated access and backhaul (IAB), radio access network slicing for the 5G New Radio (NR), NR sidelink as well as support for multi-SIM devices for both LTE and NR.

Architecture Terms & Killer Apps

SMB/ROBO

Residential

Mobile

Service Provider EdgeUser Edge

End to End Open Source Software Collaboration

CarrierAccess

Enterprise & IIOT

Carrier Core

Apps/Internet / Web

Public Cloud

Enterprise Core & Cloud

Private Cloud

eg Google, Microsoft, AWS, IBM, Huawei, Alibaba, Baidu, Tencent..

NETWORK FUNCTIONS & APPS

MANAGEMENTORCHESTRATION & ANALYTICS

NETWORK CONTROL

INFRASTRUCTURE

VNFs CNFs Cloud Nati. Core

* Sample projects only

SMB/ROBO

Residential

Mobile

Service Provider EdgeUser Edge

End to End Open Source Software Collaboration

CarrierAccess

Enterprise & IIOT

Carrier Core

Apps/Internet / Web

Public Cloud

Enterprise Core & Cloud

Private Cloud

eg Google, Microsoft, AWS, IBM, Huawei, Alibaba, Baidu, Tencent..

NETWORK FUNCTIONS & APPS

MANAGEMENTORCHESTRATION & ANALYTICS

NETWORK CONTROL

INFRASTRUCTURE

VNFs CNFs Cloud Nativ Core

* Sample projects only

5G, Network Slicing, CCVPN, ZTP, Closed loop automation, VoLTE, vIMS, vCPE, nomadic broadband..

Open Compliance & Verification Standardized NFVI + VNF/CNF onboarding, Reference Implementation

5G, ONAP E2E Network slicing, QoE Optimization, whitebox

Multi-Cloud & Hybrid deployment of Telecom Services

Open Source Core Wireless Networks

SMB/ROBO

Residential

Mobile

Service Provider EdgeUser Edge

Edge Use Cases Driving Open Source Projects

CarrierAccess

Enterprise & IIOT

Carrier Core

Apps/Internet / Web

Public Cloud

Enterprise Core & Cloud

Private Cloud

Radio Edge Cloud, Network/Telco Cloud + Connected Vehicle, AR Classroom, Enterprise Edge Cloud Automation Blueprints, Private LTE, Public Cloud Edge

IIoT: DevOps at Scale for on-prem devices with partial connectivity

IIOT - Predictive Mtce & condition based monitoring - Turbines, Transformers, pumps. Tensorflow ML/AI for Edge Apps

Building Automation, Industrial process control, Smart Cities - Water, Retail

Anomaly detection, Surveillance

Emerging Edge Applications & Convergence of Technologiesare demanding & fueling lower latency + accelerated processing

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On-DemandNFV

Hardware Acceleration A.I. Microservices 5G

IoT &Analytics

Industrial Sensors

Home Devices Retail Healthcare

ImmersiveExperiences

Virtual Reality

Augmented Reality

360 Video

Wearable Cognitive

Assistance

Autonomous Devices Drones Autonomous

VehiclesIndustry Robots Medical

NFV Edge Infrastructure

Wireless (vRAN,vEPC)

Wireline(PON)

uCPE (SD-WAN)

IP Enterprise Services

2018

IOT Killer apps 2020

37Note: Not all IOT requires an Edge

Open Source DevOps and Security

The new Shared R&D software development model

Innovation speeded up from 18-24 months Releases to 6 week – 4 month release cycles

Inside look at a life of software developer in OpenSource

Digital Transformation Checklist for Open Source

LF Open Source Security and Compliance -Summary› LF views OSS security as a continuous improvement across

project's maturity level and phase of adoption.

› LF wide security threat modeling and security audits.

› Software License Life Cycle Management projects› Scanning(FOSSology), Compliance(OpenChain) & Packaging

(SPDX)

› LF Projects using security & compliance best practices and tools › SDLC, SAST, DAST, Pen tests, CVEs etc › Focused CII badging (CNCF, LFN..) embedded in life cycle› Projects and umbrellas have security committees as

extension to Governing board. Critical decision maker at every release cycle

› 3rd party security audits on OSS (eg ONAP) › Process and Dev training on security best practices &

events› Bug bounties (HackerOne partnership)

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https://www.linuxfoundation.org/projects/security-compliance/

LF Open Source Security and Compliance –Projects› Let’s Encrypt (Certificate Authority)

› 140 million unique domains being served by Let's Encrypt, Now issuing over 1 million certificates every day

› CII (OS Security)› Invest in critical open source projects that are necessary to

the success of all infrastructure (e.g. OpenSSL, SSH, Linux)

› CHAOSS (Community Health)› Community of academics and experts who study

communities - identifying and defining implementation neutral metrics for measuring community health. It also has a community developing a software platform that implements these metrics in software anyone can use to measure community health.

› TODO (OS Best Practices)

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Project metrics about CHAOSS available at: https://chaoss.biterg.io

Why is Edge & IOT Security Different?1. Scale & Distribution

› The main difference between Edge security and non-edge security is around “scale and distribution” The number of applications, devices and connections that Edge Compute will drive require a scale that is 10-100X today’s deployment

1. Market Overlap or Harmonization Touch points (Cloud, Telecom, IOT, Enterprise) › Security Processes, SLA and Architecture alignment across device edge and service provider edge› Enabled by 5G, Telco Service providers are providing services on Edge Compute through software at the Base Station or

Smart Central office (location that provides <20mS of Latency of new generation of Edge apps) Enterprises will be working closely with both Telecom and Cloud Service providers to secure solutions, software and life cycle management. Security needs to be architected from an end to end perspective with clear handoffs.

1. Physical Security & intermittent Network Connectivity› Several of Edge deployments may not reside in a secure data center and software that resides on nodes need to have

provisions to protect against that. Basically, no physical or network perimeter dictates a zero trust security model.› LF Edge projects like EdgeX Foundry, EVE and others that focus on IOT and IIOT frameworks provide features like Access to

Hardware root of trust when deployed on bare metal, crypto-based ID, measured boot, encryption, automated patching of security updates, Monitoring tools etc…

Security with Open Source: 4 Simple Steps

1. Process Security› Focus on end-to-end processes like code scanning, vulnerabilities, auto patching,

and process handoffs are important. Automated Tools available.

2. Code Dev & Early Scans› Establish Scans, CVE processes and governance to ensure implementation of the

“more eyes value’

3. Every Open Source Project bakes security as a horizontal layer of architecture› assume that perimeter is compromised, connectivity may not be available,

physical security broken) › Implement SDO (eg 3GPP, ETSI MEC etc) or Consortiums security specs (IIC etc)

4. Use AI at the Edge to identify anomalies and other security issues.

Telecom Edge Security enabled by 5G, 3GPP, ETSI MEC

› Security Specifications implemented in Open Source Projects like Akraino Blueprints or LF Networking Projects

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Edge and IOT Security with Open Source1. Integral part of Open Source Development process across Open Source

Edge Communities in IOT, Enterprise, Cloud & Telecom

1. Keeping LF Edge Open, Interoperable & Secure with › Hardware, Silicon, Cloud, OS, Protocol independence› Bringing the best of telecom, cloud and enterprise – location, latency & mobility› In collaboration with Consortiums/SDO (IIC, AECC, OEC, ETSI) › Security built into all layers of the blueprints and use cases

1. Open Source is proven to be inherently more secure, edge and IOT building on the best practices that other open source projects hosted by Linux Foundation eg Cloud, Networking etc have adopted

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Get Involved in the LF Technical Communities› Participation in LF Edge/LF Networking Projects is open to all

› Getting involved in the technical communities is the best way to learn

› Step 1: Get a Linux Foundation ID Here:

https://identity.linuxfoundation.org/

› Step 2: Visit LF Edge Wiki (https://wiki.lfedge.org/) OR LF Networking wiki

(https://wiki.lfnetworking.org/)

› Step 3: Join workflows for the projects and working groups, subscribe to

mailing lists, ask questions, contribute and participate below› Attend project meetings› Attend developer events› Join approved projects› Propose a project› Write documentation› Contribute use cases

› Analyze requirements› Define tests / processes› Review and submit code patches› Build upstream relationships› Contribute upstream code

› Provide feedback through VSFG› Host and staff a community lab› Answer questions› Give a talk / training› Create a demo› Evangelize LFE and its projects

What’s Next

Upcoming LF Events: ONEEF (Open Networking & Edge Executive Forum, March 10-12)

https://events.linuxfoundation.org/open-networking-and-edge-exec-forum/

Resources for Further Reading

2020 LFN Year In Review Report

https://www.lfnetworking.org/publications/2021/01/13/2020-lfn-year-in-review-report/

Software-defined vertical industries: transformation through open source

https://www.lfnetworking.org/publications/2020/10/19/software-defined-vertical-industries-transformation-through-open-source/

Cloud Interfacing at the Telco 5G Edge

https://www.lfedge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Akraino_Whitepaper2.pdf

5G Networking: An Introduction

https://www.lfnetworking.org/5g/

Cloud Native Networking for Telecom: An Introduction

https://www.lfnetworking.org/cloud_native/

Edge Networking: An Introduction

https://www.lfnetworking.org/edge/

Sharpening the Edge: Overview of the LF Edge Taxonomy and Framework

https://www.lfedge.org/resources/publication-download/

www.linuxfoundation.org