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US History – Semester Exam Review

US History 2nd Semester Final Exam ReviewShivers, Smith, Burrows

Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept

Bank for Questions 1-15A. having a stronger central government will make the country more stable and prosperousB. guaranteeing their permanent freedom from slaveryC. allowing more efficient movement of goodsD. expanding westward to the Pacific OceanE. economic policies imposed by Great Britain following the French and Indian WarF. to protect individual freedoms from the federal government

G. slavery H. the American victory at the Battle of Yorktown

I. ignoring the ruling and allowing Georgia to evict the Cherokee Nation J. the adoption of Indian removal policies

K. Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses L. further colonization of the Americas by European countries is prohibited M. Nullification Crisis

N. defined by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence O. people moved to cities in search of economic opportunity

1. “It is essential to the freedom and security of a free people, that no taxes be imposed upon them but by their own consent, or their representatives.” The Sons of Liberty, address to the public, New York, December 15, 1773

The excerpt above reflects the dissatisfaction of American colonists with the… ?

economic policies imposed by Great Britain following the French and Indian War

2. As a result of the Oregon Treaty the United States achieved its goal of… ?expanding westward to the Pacific Ocean

3.

The innovation shown in this photograph most affected the U.S. economy by… ?allowing more efficient movement of goods

1 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016


4. The Thirteen Amendment to the US Constitution affected the lives of millions of African Americans by…?

guaranteeing their permanent freedom from slavery

5. “I consider, then, the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by one state, incompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted expressly by the letter of the Constitution . . .” Proclamation, President Andrew Jackson

The proclamation excerpted above was issued during which of these historical events ?Nullification Crisis

6. Why did the Anti-Federalists demand that a Bill of Rights be added to the U.S. Constitution ?to protect individual freedoms from the federal government

7.America may boast that she has accomplished what no power before herever did, contending with Britain—Captured two of their celebrated Generalsand each an Army of thousands of veteran Troops to support them. Abigail Adams, letter to John Adams, December 9, 1781

To which of the following is Abigail Adams referring in this excerpt ?the American victory at the Battle of Yorktown

8. Which answer choice from concept bank best summarizes the Monroe Doctrine ?further colonization of the Americas by European countries is prohibited

9. “Finally, in the summer of 1842, after seven years of desperate warfare, an agreement was reached with the few hundred remaining Seminoles, allowing them to live in southwest Florida.” John and Mary Lou Missall, A Short History of the Seminole Wars, 2006

What led to the conflict referred to in this excerpt ? the adoption of Indian removal policies

10. With which of the following arguments would the authors of The Federalist Papers most likely have agreed from the concept bank ?

having a stronger central government will make the country more stable and prosperous11.

He has refused his Assent to Laws,the most wholesome

and necessary for the public good.Declaration of Independence, 1776

Which Provision of the U.S. Constitution reflects this grievance ?Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses



12. Which statement from concept bank best describes a result of industrialization in the United States during the mid-nineteenth century ? people moved to cities in search of economic opportunity

13.☼ Life☼ Liberty☼ Pursuit of Happiness

The rights listed above were? defined by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence

14. In 1832 the Supreme Court ruled that Georgia did not have legal authority over the Cherokees living in the state. President Andrew Jackson responded to this decision by ?

ignoring the ruling and allowing Georgia to evict the Cherokee Nation

15. “All knew that this interest was, somehow, the cause of the war. To

strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest, was the object for whichthe insurgents would rend the Union, even by war; while the government

claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it.” President Abraham Lincoln, second inaugural address, 1865

In the excerpt above, what does “this interest” refer to ? slavery


Bank for Questions 16-30 A. Northerners who believed the law was unfair began to support the abolitionist movement

B. discouraging the consumption of alcoholic beverages C. established a method for admitting new states to the Union D. an ‘economic’ boom in the West E. by making the production of goods more efficient F. knowledge of the terrain where most battles were foughtG. excessive surveillance by the government H. the demand for slaves increases in the South

I. free enterprise J. U.S. – Mexican War

K. it was the first time Congress passed a law that protected racial minorities L. the Confederate attack upon the Union fort initiated the war

M. two-thirds of both congressional houses vote in favor of proposing the amendmentN. to profit from trading in furs and other goodsO. Should more populous states receive greater Representation ?

16. The Northwest Ordinance is considered a historical milestone because it ?established a method for admitting new states to the Union



17. “We have met here today to discuss our rights and wrongs, civil and political, and not, as some have supposed, to go into the detail of social life alone.” Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Seneca Falls, NY

The words quoted above came from the Keynote Speaker at the Whole World’s Temperance Convention in 1853. She spoke in ‘favor’ of what… ?discouraging the consumption of alcoholic beverages

18. One advantage the Confederacy had over the Union during the Civil War was that Confederate forces had… ? knowledge of the terrain where most battles were fought

19.

Fourth Amendment The right of the people to besecure in their persons, houses, papers, and effect,against unreasonable searches and seizures, shallnot be violated, and no warrants shall issue, butupon probable cause…

The Constitutional amendment excerpted above protects people in the United States from ?excessive surveillance by the government

20. Which pull factor accounted for much of Chinese immigration to the United States in the mid-1800s ? . an ‘economic’ boom in the West

21. Eli Whitney

obtains apatent for the

cotton gin.

→Raw cotton

becomeseasier toprocess.

→ Cottonproductio

nincreases.

→ ?Which of these best completes the diagram above ? the demand for slaves increases in the South

22. The Compromise of 1850 allowed certain territories to use popular sovereignty to determine whether the territory would be ‘free’ or ‘slave’. This decision applied to much of the land gained from the… ? U.S. – Mexican War

23. Provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866⌂ Designated all people born in the United States as citizens {except American Indians} ⌂ Granted all citizens certain rights under the law

What is the historical significance of this Act ?



it was the first time Congress passed a law that protected racial minorities24.

ф Limited government interference in businessф Prices determined by supply and demandф Private owners receive the profits

Which type of economy is best described by these characteristics ? free enterprise

25. The Constitution describes two ways to propose an amendment. Which of the following gives an example of one way ?

two-thirds of both congressional houses vote in favor of proposing the amendment

26. How was the April 12th Bombardment of Fort Sumter, South Carolina, significant to the Civil War ? the Confederate attack upon the Union fort initiated the war

27.

The Articles of Confederation allowed each state only one vote in Congress. Which question reflects a major concern states had about this arrangement ?Should more populous states receive greater Representation

28. Which of the following was a primary reason France sought to colonize North America ?to profit from trading in furs and other goods

29. How did the factory system contribute to the rapid industrialization of the United States ?by making the production of goods more efficient

30. This controversial law allowed slave-hunters to seize alleged fugitive slaves without dueprocess of law and prohibited anyone from aiding escaped fugitives or obstructing theirrecovery. Because it was often presumed that a black person was a slave, the lawthreatened the safety of all blacks. . .

Text from an online exhibit describing the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850,Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov (accessed December 9, 2009)

What was one result of the law described above ?Northerners who believed the law was unfair began to support the abolitionist movement


http://www.loc.gov/



Bank for Questions 31-42A. cloth weavers in textile millsB. a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop (the potato)C. resented the limits it imposed on Westward expansion

D. the Revolutionary Era E. use of mass-production techniques F. the Fourteenth AmendmentG. support grew for the abolitionist movement

H. Sixth Amendment I. escape persecution

J. it established a form of self-government based on social contractK. natural harbors provided access to markets

L. an increase in the number of factories in the Northeast

31. ☻ First Continental Congress convened☻ Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was published

The events listed above occurred during which Era… ? the Revolutionary Era

32. The introduction of interchangeable parts led directly to the… ? use of mass-production techniques

33. During the early 1800s many young women in New England were employed outside their homes as… ? cloth weavers in textile mills

34. British colonists objected to the Proclamation of 1763 because they… ?resented the limits it imposed on Westward expansion

35. Which was the most major impact of this novel ?

36. When citizens report for jury duty, they are helping uphold a constitutional right guaranteed by the…? Sixth Amendment



37. In the 1840s, thousands of Irish immigrants came to the United States seeking to escape…?a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop

38. Catholics immigrated to the Maryland Colony in the seventeenth century primarily to… ?escape persecution

39. Which of the following reversed the Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford ?Fourteenth Amendment

40. ○ Canal Networks○ Swiftly flowing Rivers○ Extensive Railroad Systems○ Banking and Investment Centers

In the nineteenth century, the availability of the resources in this list resulted in… ? increase in the number of factories in the Northeast

41. How did geography influence the early economic development of New York, Boston, and Charleston ? natural harbors provided access to markets

42. Which statement best explains the significance of the Mayflower Compact… ?established a form of self-government based on social contract

Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 43-53

A. limit the effects of the Civil War Amendments B. making Manifest Destiny an official federal policy C. the cost of shipping goods from the Midwest decreased D. there was a renewed sense of nationalism E. the establishment of the principle of religious freedom F. protection from cruel and unusual punishment G. Federal Court determine the constitutionality of a law H. delegates writing the Articles of Confederation I. implement a plan to bring Confederate States back into the Union J. Federalism K. the First Amendment guarantees personal freedoms

43. What was one major effect of the opening of the Erie Canal… ?cost of shipping goods from the Midwest decreased



44. Black Codes was a name given to laws passed by southern governments established during the presidency of Andrew Johnson. These laws imposed severe restrictions on freedmen, such as prohibiting their right to vote, forbidding them to sit on juries, and limiting their right to testify against white men. They were also forbidden from carrying weapons in public places and working in certain occupations. National Archives and Records Administration, http:jjwww,archives,gov (accessed July 14, 2010)

Southern States passed the codes described in this excerpt in order to… ?limit the effects of the Civil War Amendments

45. Resolved, That our title to the whole of the Territory of

Oregon is clear and unquestionable; that no portion of the same ought to be ceded to England or any other power, and that the re-occupation of Oregon and the re-annexation of Texas at the earliest practicable period are great American measures, which this Convention recommends to the cordial support of the Democracy of the Union.

Democratic Party Platform of 1844 This excerpt provides evidence that in 1844 Democrats supported… ?

making Manifest Destiny an official federal policy

46. Which of the following was a defining characteristic of the Era of Good Feelings… ?a renewed sense of nationalism

47. Due Process

of Law ↓↓↓ ↓↓↓ ↓↓↓

Guarantee of a

speedy trial

Freedom from unreasonable

search and seizure

?Which best completes the above diagram ?

protection from cruel and unusual punishment



48. The Puritans founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony

to escape persecution

This diagram describes events in Colonial America that are related to… ?establishment of the principle of religious freedom

49. "It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is.Those who apply the rule to particular cases, must of necessity expound and interpret thatrule. If two laws conflict with each other, the courts must decide on the operation of each."

Chief Justice John MarshallWhich precedent was established by the Supreme Court ruling Marbury v. Madison ? Federal Court determine the constitutionality of a law

50. ► How do we finance a war ? ◄

► Who has the power to negotiate treaties ? ◄► What prevents the Executive Branch from becoming too powerful ? ◄

Which group was responsible for answering these questions ?delegates writing the Articles of Confederation

51. After General Robert E Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House, the main priority of the United States was to… ?

implement a plan to bring Confederate States back into the Union52.

‘The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.’ Tenth Amendment, US Constitution


Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and

formed a new colony that did not have a state church

Anne Hutchinson was expelled from the Massachusetts

Bay Colony for dissenting against church doctrine


Which principle of the US government is most clearly reflected in the amendment above ?Federalism

53.BERWYN, Pennsylvania: A new mosque recently opened in this suburb of Philadelphia. The leaders did not seek publicity for the happy occasion, only continued peace with their neighbors: a Jewish synagogue next door and a Baptist church across the street. Kathy Matheson, Associated Press, September 10, 2010

This event best demonstrates which feature of the American way of life ?First Amendment guarantees personal freedoms

Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 54-65

A. War of 1812B. commanding a victory at sea against the British navy

C. fighting broke out between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in KansasD. have as a result of being humanE. the Union matters more than current disagreements between statesF. it turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in Northern millsG. Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton

H. Checks and Balances I. an elected legislature J. women often managed farm operations

K. manufacturing increased L. spiritual revival and the need for social reform

54. Which of the following was a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 ?fighting broke out between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in Kansas

55.

This excerpt refers to rights that people… ? have as a result of being human

56. In 1787, Congress awarded John Paul Jones the Congressional Gold Medal in honor of his “Valor and Brilliant Service” during the American Revolutionary War.

Which accomplishment was Congress recognizing ?commanding a victory at sea against the British navy


We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights…”

Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776


57. British support of American

Indians in the Northwest Territory

→→

? →→ Treaty of Ghent

British impressment of American Sailors

Which of the following best completes the diagram above ? War of 181258.

Which idea does President Lincoln express in this excerpt ?Union matters more than current disagreements between states

59. The first political parties in the United States were established in the 1790s largely because of political differences between… ? Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton

60. “ For the well Governing of this province and Territories there shall be an Assembly yearly Chosen by the Freemen thereof to Consist of four persons out of each County…”

William Penn, Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges, 1701

Which feature of colonial self-government does this charter establish ? elected legislature

61. How did the plantation system influence the economic development of the United States ?turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in Northern mills

62. Which Principle of US Government is illustrated in the sequence shown below ?Checks and Balances

63. Although many farmers fought in the Civil War, farms in both the Union and Confederacy were able to continue operating because… ?

women often managed farm operations

64. The Second Great Awakening was a movement that promoted ?spiritual revival and the need for social reform

65. How did the War of 1812 affect the U.S. economy ? manufacturing increased


“We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone, all

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