Web of Wildlife. All living things need food to survive. –Organisms obtain their food in different...
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Transcript of Web of Wildlife. All living things need food to survive. –Organisms obtain their food in different...
• All living things need food to survive.
– Organisms obtain their food in different ways.
− Some animals eat plants, some eat other animals.
Food and Food Chains
• The feeding relationships between animals and plants in a habitat can be described with a food chain.
PREDATOR PREY
• Can you think what these words mean?
Lion Thomson’s gazelle
HERBIVORECARNIVORE
• Can you think what these words mean?
Cheetah Koala
OMNIVORE
• What about this word?
What is a food chain?
• Food chains show what eats what in a particular habitat.
• All food chains start with a PRODUCER.
Grass Rabbit Fox
What is a food chain?
Grass
PRODUCER: An organism, usually a green plant, that uses photosynthesis to turn sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into sugars (energy). AUTOTROPH
Rabbit FoxGrass
CONSUMER: an animal in a food chain that eats (consumes) a plant or another animal. HETEROTROPH
• Can be fungi or
bacteria
•Eat dead organisms
•They prevent too
much decay and enrich the soil with nutrients, saprophyte
Decomposers
• Break up bodies of dead organisms into smaller pieces
• Help decomposers manage dead organisms, faster decomposition
• Do not return nutrients to soil
Scavengers
What is a food chain?
• The links between animals and plants in a habitat can be demonstrated by drawing a food chain.
• Food chains show how energy found in food moves through a community.
Grass Rabbit Fox
The arrow in a food chain means ‘is eaten by’ and ‘provides energy to’.
What do you think the arrow means between the pictures?
Rabbit
Fox
Grass
PRIMARY CONSUMER
SECONDARY CONSUMER
TERTIARY CONSUMER
Coyote
Why do all organisms need energy?
Growth Repair damaged parts Replace cells at end of life cycle
10 C = PRIMARY CONSUMER: An animal at the second level in a food chain which feeds on the producer. Primary consumers are usually herbivores, feeding on plants and fungi.
20 C = SECONDARY CONSUMER: An animal at the third level in a food chain. Secondary consumers can be carnivores or omnivores.
30 C = TERTIARY CONSUMER: An animal at the fourth level of a food chain. This is usually the top level, and tertiary consumers are usually carnivores and prey on other animals.
A simple British woodlandfood chain
10 C
20 C
PRODUCER
CONSUMER
CONSUMER
HERBIVORE
CARNIVORE
PREY
PREDATOR
Food chains show how energy found in food moves through a community.
A Food Web is a series of food chains that represent
energy flow through an ecosystem.
Grass
Rabbit
Fox
Grasshopper
Lizard
Sparrowhawk
Hawfinch
A British woodland‘food web’
Grass
Rabbit
Fox
Grasshopper
Lizard
Sparrowhawk
Hawfinch
Energy in an Ecosystem
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/27995-assignment-discovery-energy-flow-video.htm
Energy Pyramid - Energy Flow in Ecosystem -Video for Kids by makemegenius.com - YouTube
Food Chains - YouTube
Changes to food chains
• INTERDEPENDENCE• Animals and plants depend on each other for survival.
• If something changes at one level in a food chain, it can affect all other levels in the food chain too.
Common toad eating young grass snake Grass snake eating common toad
Grass
Grasshopper
Sparrowhawk
Hawfinch
If a pesticide killed all the grasshoppers….
…what would happen to everything else in
the food chain?
Questions to think about…
• What happens if the producer in a food chain dies?
• What happens if one of the consumers in a food chain dies?– How does this affect the other species that prey on it?– How does this affect the other species that it preys on?
Activity
• Split into groups • You will be assigned a habitat – Arctic tundra, the
Antarctic, British coastal waters, British woodland or African savanna.
• Using the worksheet, describe your habitat, what the weather is like and the animals and plants you think might be found there.
• You will then be given species information cards for your habitat, along with photographs of some of the species that are found there.
• Using the information on the cards and the arrows provided, make the food chain for your habitat.
• Rotate around the room - you will have the chance to build food chains for each different habitat.
HERBIVORE: an animal which only eats plants.
Koala Rabbit
CARNIVORE: an animal which eats meat (other animals).
Cheetah Fox
OMNIVORE: an animal that feeds on both plants and other animals.
Producer
Consumer
PRODUCERS Plants are called producers because they make (produce) their own food.
CONSUMERS Animals are called consumers because they eat (consume) other plants and animals.
• Can you think of any animals that eat plants?
• Can you think of any animals that eat other animals?
• How do plants get their food?