Ways of the World

Samantha BakerAugust 1, 2010

Chapter 17 Abolitionism

Abolition is a movement that put an end to slavery

The Enlightenment caused rational thinkers to view slavery as a violation of a person’s rights

The Slave Trade Act of 1807 was a huge step to abolish slavery by making slave trade illegal throughout the British Empire

On August 1, 1834, all the slaves in the British Empire were emancipated

Chapter 17 Feminism

Feminism is a movement desiring to obtain greater rights, legal protection, or liberation for women

It was particularly popular in Europe and North America

This movement provided women with more access to schools and careers that were traditionally only available to men

Chapter 17 French Revolution

The revolution began after the French helped the US in their own revolution, the North American Revolution

1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution

One of the leaders in the revolution was Napoleon Bonaparte

Chapter 18 Mexican Revolution

The Mexican Revolution begin in 1910

Revolution lasted a duration of 10 years

1 million lives were lost

Women were directly involved in this revolution

They fought and assisted with medical aid

Chapter 18 Industrial Revolution

Technological advances brought huge changes

It affected every aspect of life from the way people worked to the way they were paid

The revolution began in Great Britain but has spread to every part of the world and has affected everything in one way or another

Chapter 18 After Latin American Independence

Political life was very unstable

Joining the military was a great opportunity for men

Many people desired a central government

Chapter 19 Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire spanned a total of three continents during the 16th and 17th centuries

Ruled over much of the Arab world

Ottoman Empire came to an end on November 1, 1922,

Chapter 19 Industrial Revolution Effects on Europe

The Industrial Revolution changed every life in Europe

Europe became the main player in the world economy because of the progress made during the revolution

The technological advances made it much easier to manufacture products

Unfortunately, Europe produced more faster than the people could buy

Chapter 19 Crisis in China

Population outgrew the amount of food produced

This resulted in impoverished and starving people

The state quickly became unable to perform regular duties and corruption became rampant among authority figures

Occurred under the Qing Dynasty

This crisis took over a decade for China to recover from

Chapter 20 Missionaries

Missionaries were taking the message of Christianity to Asia and Africa

They benefited from the education countries were experiencing

Their messages were often times either accepted with opposition or great appreciation

Chapter 20 Education in the West

Education provided access to many things including a better paying job

It provided a way for people to escape horrible conditions like forced labor

A large gap was created between the educated and un-educated people

Chapter 20 Cash Crops

A cash crop is a crop grown for profit (as opposed to being grown for feeding the farmers family or livestock)

The growth of the cash crop industry was aided by the colonial rule

Local farmers benefited from this increase

However, there were also issues with these cash crop increases such as: a shortage of labor and a greater tension between classes

Chapter 21 World War 1

The war began in 1914

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand is seen as the official beginning of the war

There were two teams: the Allies and the Central Powers

The war finally concluded in 1918 with 15 million lives lost

Chapter 21 World War 2

The war lasted around 6 years spanning from 1939 to 1945

The two main teams were the Allies and the Axis

Major tragedies such as the Holocaust and use of nuclear weapons are badges of this war

An estimated 50 to 70 million lives were lost during this “total war”

Chapter 21 The Great Depression

This worldwide depression began in 1929 and ended around the end of the 1930’s for most countries

The worst, widest, and longest depression of the 20th century

The stock market crash of 1929 was a huge downturning point in the Great Depression

Unemployment got as high as 33% in some countries

Countries that exported mainly only one or two products were hit incredibly hard by the economic downturn

Chapter 22 Mao Zedong

Led the People’s Republic China from 1949 until 1976 when he died

Maoism consists of his Communist policies, military strategies, and his conrtibutions to Marxism-Leninism

Some of Mao’s social-political programs are blamed for terrible things, such as: the loss of millions of lives, famine, and damage to China

However, many people believe he laid the foundation of modern China

Chapter 22 Global Communism

Communism is founded on the teachings of Karl Marx

Communism would be the final stage of society

A sociopolitical structure that results in a classless and stateless society where all possessions of property are held communally

Global communism cannot coexist with nation-states

In order for global communism to be achieved, the nation -state must be eliminated

Chapter 22 Communist China

China was one of the countries that ruled by communism

It is the largest population ruled by Communism

Today the Chinese Communist Party is the world’s largest political party

Under communism China has experienced highs and lows

Their manufacturing and production levels have reached all time highs

But they have also suffered the loss of over 3 million people’s lives due to revolutions and conflicts

Chapter 23 Ghandi

Mohandas Karamchand Ghandi, more commonly known as Mahatma Ghandi, is officially honored in India as “The Father of the Nation”

This is because he pioneered satyagraha, his famous non-violent approach, which helped India achieve its independence

He was the political and spiritual leader of India during the Indian Independence Movement

Some of Ghandi’s works include easing poverty, increasing the rights of women, and create unity for religions and ethnicities

Ghandi encouraged people to follow his lead on things like speaking the truth and non-violence

At 36 Ghandi became celibate even though he was married

Chapter 23 Indian Independence Movement

The goal was independence from the British

The INC, Indian National Congress, was established in 1885

Ghandi played a huge role in gaining their independence by joining the INC

He called for a different type of action by desiring moral transformation of individuals rather than social revolution

On January 26, 1950, India declared itself a republic and created its own Constitution

Chapter 23 Nelson Mandela

Mandela served many of his 27 years in prison on Robben Island before being released in 1990

He led the negotiations that led to a multi-racial democracy in 1994 when he was elected president

Served as president of South Africa from 1994-1999

He was the first president elected in a fully representative democratic election

He was also the first black president and represents a huge step in conquering racism

Chapter 24 Che Guevera

He was an Marxist Revolutionary born in Argentina

He was heavily influenced by the poverty he witnessed while traveling for medical study which caused him to believe that world revolution was the only solution for such a huge problem

A huge proponent of guerilla warfare

He has become a popular symbol of counterculturist

Chapter 24 Environmentalism

A social movement to help improve the condition of the environment that has become increasingly popular in the recent years

Environmentalism roots can be found in the 19th century poetry of Roman writers such as William Blake and William Wordsworth

The Environmentalist movement caught rapid worldwide momentum in the second half of the 20th century

Chapter 24 Hamas

Hamas means Islamic Resistance Movement

Hamas was established in 1987 by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin

The group was banned in 1999 from Jordan

Conflict has always surrounded this group

Their main goal is “the replacement of Israel and the Palestinian Territories with an Islamic Palestinian state”

Sources

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page (consulted for all topics and all pictures)