Fluid Mechanics and ThermodynamicsWeekly Assessed Tutorial Sheets,

Student Sheets: WATS 11.

The WATS approach to assessment was developed as part of an LTSN Engineering Mini-Project, funded at the University of Hertfordshire which aimed to develop a set of 'student unique' tutorial sheets to actively encourage and improve student participation within a first year first ‘fluid mechanics and thermodynamics’ module. Please see the accompanying Mini-Project Report “Improving student success and retention through greater participation and tackling student-unique tutorial sheets” for more information.

The WATS cover core Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics topics at first year undergraduate level. 11 tutorial sheets and their worked solutions are provided here for you to utilise in your teaching. The variables within each question can be altered so that each student answers the same question but will need to produce a unique solution.

FURTHER INFORMATION

Please see http://tinyurl.com/2wf2lfh to access the WATS Random Factor Generating Wizard.

There are also explanatory videos on how to use the Wizard and how to implement WATS available at http://www.youtube.com/user/MBRBLU#p/u/7/0wgC4wy1cV0 and http://www.youtube.com/user/MBRBLU#p/u/6/MGpueiPHpqk.

For more information on WATS, its use and impact on students please contact Mark Russell, School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering at University of Hertfordshire.

© University of Hertfordshire 2009 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License.

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 1EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 22C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.8 bar and temperature of 100C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 140 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 14 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 22C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 26m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 15m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 38m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.16m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.60, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0260 x 10-3 kg m/s and 992 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 1 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 2EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.1 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 100 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 15 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 26m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 26m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 30m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 100mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0320 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 2 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 3EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 14C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.5 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 260 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 16 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 14C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 12C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 76m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 20m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 66m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.10m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.60, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0270 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 3 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 4EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 15C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.6 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 260 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 150 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 10 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 15C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 12C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 74m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 12m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 46m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.05m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 4 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 5EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.70 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.2 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 200 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 15C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 58m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 21m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 54m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.16m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0340 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 5 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 6EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.40 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 23C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.0 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 400 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 13 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 23C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 56m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 18m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 64m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.14m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0340 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 6 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 7EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.70 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 13C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.5 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 200 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 6 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 13C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 12C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 40m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 27m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 76m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 400mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 990 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 7 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 8EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.3 bar and temperature of 110C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 135 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 16 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 8C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 12C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 16m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 23m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 80m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.17m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.004. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0260 x 10-3 kg m/s and 998 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 8 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 9EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 13C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.9 bar and temperature of 120C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 340 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 145 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 13 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 13C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 3C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 48m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 21m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 30m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.08m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0310 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 9 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 10EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.00 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 21C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.7 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 240 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 8 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 21C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 68m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 10m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 32m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.20m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0310 x 10-3 kg m/s and 990 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 10 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 11EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.90 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 14C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.5 bar and temperature of 95C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 180 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 145 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 6 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 14C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 5C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 10C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 30m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 23m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 22m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.15m3/s through a 300mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0260 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 11 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 12EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.50 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 20C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.6 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 280 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 140 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 19 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 20C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 30m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 29m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 60m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.09m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0260 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 12 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 13EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.90 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 24C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.3 bar and temperature of 100C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 100 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 6 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 24C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 5C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 70m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 15m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 28m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.17m3/s through a 300mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0320 x 10-3 kg m/s and 993 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 13 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 14EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.70 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 13C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.4 bar and temperature of 105C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 340 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 135 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 9 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 13C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 56m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 28m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 18m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.15m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0340 x 10-3 kg m/s and 992 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 14 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 15EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.0 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 11 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 8C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 42m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 17m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 26m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.10m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0320 x 10-3 kg m/s and 997 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 15 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 16EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.20 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 13C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.0 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 120 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 13 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 13C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 8C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 18m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 8m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 50m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.16m3/s through a 100mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 16 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 17EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.70 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 23C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.6 bar and temperature of 80C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 300 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 150 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 23C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 52m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 24m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 32m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.09m3/s through a 400mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 1000 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 17 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 18EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 18C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.7 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 260 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 18C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 3C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 16C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 42m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 9m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 68m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.12m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 18 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 19EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.20 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 19C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.7 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 5 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 19C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 16C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 76m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 19m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 74m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.09m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0290 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 19 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 20EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 22C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.3 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 260 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 18 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 22C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 66m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 8m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 16m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.13m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0270 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 20 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 21EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.6 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 120 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 7 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 10m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 26m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 44m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.14m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0250 x 10-3 kg m/s and 992 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 21 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 22EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.40 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 20C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.5 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 16 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 20C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 10C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 48m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 15m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 12m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0290 x 10-3 kg m/s and 1000 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 22 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 23EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.00 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 24C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.3 bar and temperature of 105C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 300 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 120 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 8 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 24C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 38m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 5m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 58m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.10m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0250 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 23 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 24EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 20C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.6 bar and temperature of 100C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 140 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 11 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 20C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 15C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 64m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 8m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 14m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 24 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 25EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 17C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.0 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 140 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 17C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 12C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 22m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 21m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 60m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.14m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0260 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 25 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 26EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.20 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 11C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.4 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 300 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 9 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 11C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 54m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 18m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 66m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.16m3/s through a 400mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 26 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 27EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 21C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.9 bar and temperature of 95C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 240 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 110 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 21C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 44m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 27m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 12m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.11m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0310 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 27 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 28EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 19C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.5 bar and temperature of 95C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 320 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 110 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 9 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 19C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 10C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 24m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 27m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 76m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.12m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 990 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 28 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 29EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.20 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.5 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 280 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 145 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 7 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 3C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 44m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 18m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 22m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.10m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0270 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 29 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 30EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 14C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.8 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 380 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 9 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 14C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 40m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 14m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 20m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.15m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0330 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 30 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 31EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 23C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.9 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 340 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 18 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 23C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 8C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 42m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 27m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 80m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.19m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 995 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 31 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 32EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 22C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.9 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 260 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 135 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 19 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 22C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 16C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 40m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 16m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 38m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.004. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0340 x 10-3 kg m/s and 1000 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 32 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 33EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 10C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.3 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 120 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 16 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 10C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 24m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 19m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 76m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.17m3/s through a 400mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0340 x 10-3 kg m/s and 993 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 33 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 34EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.8 bar and temperature of 95C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 200 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 115 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 3C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 14m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 11m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 44m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.11m3/s through a 300mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0290 x 10-3 kg m/s and 992 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 34 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 35EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.90 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 17C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.3 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 360 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 145 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 17C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 15C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 56m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 24m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 64m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.13m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0290 x 10-3 kg m/s and 997 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 35 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 36EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.70 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.0 bar and temperature of 90C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 160 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 11 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 16C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 50m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 17m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 68m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.18m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.60, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0350 x 10-3 kg m/s and 998 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 36 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 37EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.40 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 17C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.7 bar and temperature of 105C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 320 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 150 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 5 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 17C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 70m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 13m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 38m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.10m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0330 x 10-3 kg m/s and 993 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 37 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 38EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.20 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 18C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.7 bar and temperature of 120C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 140 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 13 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 18C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 58m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 15m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 32m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.13m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 998 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 38 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 39EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.50 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 13C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.8 bar and temperature of 100C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 280 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 140 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 20 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 13C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 5C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 10m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 25m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 16m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.10m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 39 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 40EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 17C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.5 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 320 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 6 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 17C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 70m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 5m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 64m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.07m3/s through a 200mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0280 x 10-3 kg m/s and 996 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 40 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 41EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.40 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 21C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.5 bar and temperature of 95C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 200 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 135 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 16 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 21C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 16C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 72m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 5m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 64m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.19m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0330 x 10-3 kg m/s and 993 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 41 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 42EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 21C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.2 bar and temperature of 85C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 180 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 145 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 12 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 21C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 5C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 66m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 20m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 40m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 995 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 42 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 43EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.00 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 23C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.3 bar and temperature of 80C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 100 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 110 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 8 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 23C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 46m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 16m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 62m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.12m3/s through a 100mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.60, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.06 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.005. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0350 x 10-3 kg m/s and 999 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 43 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 44EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 19C and is compressed to a pressure of 1.8 bar and temperature of 115C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 340 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 18 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 19C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 5C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 11C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 26m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 20m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 50m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.17m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.50, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0260 x 10-3 kg m/s and 993 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 44 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 45EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 12C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.0 bar and temperature of 105C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 18 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 12C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 3C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 10m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 12m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 48m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.07m3/s through a 300mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.004. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0330 x 10-3 kg m/s and 993 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 45 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 46EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 3.10 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 25C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.2 bar and temperature of 100C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 180 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 130 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 10 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 25C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 16C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 76m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 16m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 58m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.06m3/s through a 150mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0320 x 10-3 kg m/s and 994 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 46 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 47EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.70 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 21C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.5 bar and temperature of 110C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 280 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 105 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 13 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 21C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 4C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 10C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 62m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 21m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 18m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.18m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.05 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.006. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0320 x 10-3 kg m/s and 997 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 47 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 48EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 0.60 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 17C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.4 bar and temperature of 105C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 220 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 135 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 6 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 17C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 6C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 12C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 74m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 6m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 56m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.05m3/s through a 250mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.60, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0320 x 10-3 kg m/s and 990 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 48 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 49EE

Name

Hand out date Hand in date

Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 1.50 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 10C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.2 bar and temperature of 100C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 140 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 125 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 8 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 10C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 8C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 14C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 64m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 21m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 18m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.07m3/s through a 100mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.40, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.04 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.007. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0300 x 10-3 kg m/s and 990 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 49 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Weekly Assessed Tutorial Sheet 11.

Student Number 50EE

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Q1). The performance characteristics of a turbo-compressor are being estimated on a test-rig. The shaft power driving the compressor is 2.80 kW. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 11C and is compressed to a pressure of 2.3 bar and temperature of 80C been estimated. The rate of heat loss from the compressor casing is approximately 240 W and the exit velocity of the compressed air is 110 m/s. Calculate -

i) the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the air flowing through the compressor. You may assume the inlet velocity to be negligible. [6 dp] (7 marks)ii) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the exit from the compressor [3 dp] (5 marks)

The velocity of the air leaving the compressor has to be reduced to 15 m/s by the use of an adiabatic diffuser. Assuming the pressure at exit is 1 bar determine -

iii) the temperature (C) of the air at the diffuser exit [3 dp] (5 marks)iv) the cross-sectional area (mm2) of the diffuser exit [2 dp] (3 marks)

It has been decided to cool the air leaving the diffuser back to the initial conditions of 11C, by means of a water-cooled heat exchanger, determine -

v) the water mass flow rate(kg/s) required in the heat exchanger if the water inlet temperature is 7C and the water exit temperature cannot exceed 13C. [6 dp] (5 marks)

You may assume the following: Cp water = 4.2 kJ/kg K, Cp air = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

Q2) A pipe system carries water from a reservoir and discharges it as a free jet. The entrance to the pipe is via a bell mouth at a depth of X from the reservoir surface. From the entrance the pipe extends 14m, in the horizontal plane before a pipe bend tuning the pipe vertically. The pipe then rises for 7m before a second bend turning it back to the horizontal where it extends for another 34m before the exit. For a volume flow rate of 0.18m3/s through a 350mm diameter pipe calculate

i) the velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipeline [6 dp] (6 marks)ii) the Reynolds Number of the flow [0 dp] (3 marks)iii) the head loss (m) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [6 dp] (3 marks)iv) the pressure loss (Pa) of the pipe-work (exc. fittings) [0 dp] (2 marks)v) the head loss (m) of the fittings work (exc. pipe-work) [6 dp] (3 marks)vi) the pressure loss (Pa) of the fittings (exc. pipe-work) [0 dp] (2 marks)vii) the required depth X of the bell mouth entrance to the pipe [3 dp] (6 marks)

You may take the loss factor of each bend to be 0.30, the bell mouth entrance to be 0.03 and the exit 1.0. The friction factor is to be taken as 0.008. For the purpose of this exercise these values are assumed to be constant and independent of velocity. Further the dynamic viscosity and the fluid density can be assumed to be independent of temperature and have the values of 1.0350 x 10-3 kg m/s and 998 kg/m3 respectively .

___________________________________________________________________________________WATS 11. Mark RussellStudent number 50 School of Aerospace, Automotive and Design Engineering

University of Hertfordshire

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