Submitted By: Akash SinghSubmitted To: Prof. M.C. Rana

Water Management Practices w.r.t. Banana

IntroBanana, scientifically known as Musa spp.. It is one of the important tropical fruit of India. It is a herbaceous evergreen plant which has no dormant phase and hence has a high water demand throughout the year, especially during high temperatures. With respect to water management, the important characteristics are:

₰ A high transpiration potential due to large broad leaves.

₰ A Shallow root system as compared to other fruit tree plants.

₰ Unable to withdraw water from the soil when water is below field capacity in the soil.

₰ A rapid physiological response to soil-water deficit.

Banana requires a frequent and ample supply of water. Water deficit adversely affects the crop growth and yield.

† The Establishment Period & the early phase of Vegetative Period determine the potential for growth and fruiting. Adequate amount of water supply is essential during these periods.

†Water Deficit during Vegetative period affect the rate of leaf development, which in turn can influence the number of flowers and bunch production.

†Water Deficit during Flowering period limits leaf growth and number of fruits.

†Water Deficit in the Yield Formation period affects the fruit size and quality.

A reduced leaf area thus results in reduced rate of fruit filling and further leads to premature ripening during storage. Thus Vegetative, Flowering And fruit development stages are the critical growth stages for irrigation.

Critical Stages of Growth

The Annual Water Requirement of Banana ranges between 1200-1500 mm, further depending on the climatic conditions and duration of crops. The Banana plant has a sparse and shallow root system. Most feeding roots are spread laterally near the surface.

The Rooting Depth will generally not exceed 0.9 m. Daily water requirement vary in the range of 3-7 mm/day depending on the combination temperature, humidity, wind & radiation.

Scheduling of Irrigation between 25-50% DASM or 0.75-1.0 IW/CPE Ratio at different growth stages is found to be optimum for producing higher fruit yields.

Maintain 30-40 centi-bars at different growth stages to increase yield using tensiometer. Evapotranspira

tion of Crop(Eto)

Initial Period

Vegetative Period

Grand Growth/Flowering Period

Maturation Period

Banana 0.5 0.75-0.85 1.1 0.8-0.9

Type of Irrigation Method Adopted: Basin & Furrow Method Drip Irrigation may also be practiced if there is scarcity

of Water.

Drip Irrigation in Banana Basin & Furrow Method in Banana

Thanks

Presented By: Akash Singh