Warm Up• "A black dog stands in the middle of an intersection in

a town painted black. None of the street lights are working due to a power failure caused by a local storm. A car with two broken headlights drives towards the dog but turns in time to avoid hitting him. How could the driver have seen the dog in time?"

• Mr. and Mrs. Clatter have five children. Half of them are boys. How is this possible?

What occurs once in every What occurs once in every minute, twice in every minute, twice in every moment, yet never in a moment, yet never in a

thousand years?thousand years?

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Natural ResourcesNatural ResourcesRenewable/Non-Renewable Resources Renewable/Non-Renewable Resources

SustainabilitySustainability

Biodiversity Biodiversity ConservationConservation

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Natural ResourcesNatural Resources

Anything made by Anything made by naturenature and needed by and needed by livingliving organisms.organisms.

Ex. Ex. Land, water, air, coal, oil, natural Land, water, air, coal, oil, natural gasgas

http://www.arizonamemorial.org/images/page-headers/locations/kalaupapa-natural-resources.jpg

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Renewable ResourcesRenewable Resources– Can be Can be replacedreplaced in reasonable amount of in reasonable amount of

timetime– Water, soil, air, and wildlifeWater, soil, air, and wildlife

Nonrenewable ResourcesNonrenewable Resources– Cannot replace rapidly or in Cannot replace rapidly or in fixedfixed quantitiesquantities– Minerals and fossil fuelsMinerals and fossil fuels

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ConcernsConcerns

Population Population increasesincreases Resources are consumed in Resources are consumed in greatergreater quantitiesquantities Environment Environment degradesdegrades as result of use as result of use DemandDemand for resources is major threat to for resources is major threat to

biodiversitybiodiversity

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LandLand

Used for a variety Used for a variety of purposes:of purposes:– FarmingFarming– HousingHousing– MiningMining– RecreationRecreation

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/images/wsci_03_img0308.jpg

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Water, Water Everywhere and Water, Water Everywhere and Not a Drop to Drink!Not a Drop to Drink!

Of ALL the water on Earth . . .Of ALL the water on Earth . . .

– Only Only 2.8%2.8% is is freshwaterfreshwater Only Only .7%.7% is is not in glaciers or ice capsnot in glaciers or ice caps

– Only Only .01%.01% is surface water is surface water Only .Only .003%003% is potable (drinkable)! is potable (drinkable)!

www.iowastormwater.org

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AirAir

50%50% of air pollutants in the US come of air pollutants in the US come from transportationfrom transportation

28%28% from burning fuels for electric from burning fuels for electric and heat.and heat.

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Fossil FuelsFossil Fuels

Derived from Derived from plantsplants that died millions of that died millions of years ago, thus years ago, thus NON-RENEWABLENON-RENEWABLE

Includes coal, oil and natural gas.Includes coal, oil and natural gas.

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CoalCoal

The most The most abundantabundant fossil fuel. fossil fuel.

BurnedBurned to produce electricity and for heating. to produce electricity and for heating.

70%70% of coal burned in US is to create electricity. of coal burned in US is to create electricity. (Rest is used in manufacturing)(Rest is used in manufacturing)

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CoalCoal

2/3 2/3 of coal minedof coal mined in US is through in US is through surface surface mining, or strip mining.mining, or strip mining.

Destroys surfaceDestroys surface. . In US, companies now required to In US, companies now required to restorerestore

land. ($$)land. ($$)

http://www.carlmaples.com/Arz_Strip_Mine.jpg

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CoalCoal Air pollution is a major concern.Air pollution is a major concern.

70%70% of sulfur dioxide emissions come from of sulfur dioxide emissions come from burning coal.burning coal.

Many other air pollutants, including Many other air pollutants, including carbon carbon dioxide dioxide are also released.are also released.

Carbon dioxide has been linked to the Carbon dioxide has been linked to the

greenhouse greenhouse effecteffect..

http://www.solcomhouse.com/Greenhouse_Effect.gif

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CoalCoal Underground or Tunnel mining has an Underground or Tunnel mining has an impactimpact, ,

too.too.

AcidsAcids and chemicals pollute waterways.and chemicals pollute waterways.

Abandoned mines collapse leading to land Abandoned mines collapse leading to land subsidencesubsidence..

http://www.bgr.bund.de/DE/Themen/Geoumweltschutz/Bilder/Umw__Geoumwelt__Bild__2__g,property=default.jpg

http://www.imsif.com/images/whatis_sag.gif

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OilOil 63%63% of oil used in the US is for transportation. of oil used in the US is for transportation.

25%25% industry industry

9%9% heating homes and businesses heating homes and businesses

3%3% generating electricity generating electricity

Over Over 6,0006,000 productsproducts come from oil: come from oil:

– Plastics Fertilizers Pesticides Plastics Fertilizers Pesticides MedicinesMedicines

– Waxes Asphalt Natural gas Waxes Asphalt Natural gas GasolineGasoline

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OilOil DrillingDrilling occurs on land and in the ocean.occurs on land and in the ocean.

SpillsSpills can occur during the drilling process, while pumping can occur during the drilling process, while pumping it from the ground, and during transportation.it from the ground, and during transportation.

Hazardous wasteHazardous waste::– toxic chemicals, can burn, smothers organisms toxic chemicals, can burn, smothers organisms

Crude oil comes from the ground. Crude oil comes from the ground. It is then refined through fractional distillationIt is then refined through fractional distillation

– Heated Vaporized Cooled SeparatedHeated Vaporized Cooled Separated

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Natural GasNatural Gas MethaneMethane and other gases, including butane and and other gases, including butane and

propane.propane.

41%41% of natural gas used in the US is for heating of natural gas used in the US is for heating residences and businesses.residences and businesses.

15%15% generates electricity generates electricity

3%3% transportation transportation

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Natural GasNatural Gas

Much Much lessless air pollution than coal and oil. air pollution than coal and oil.

Burns hotter.Burns hotter.

Easier to transport and use.Easier to transport and use.

Least Least abundant of the fossil fuels.abundant of the fossil fuels.

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BiodiversityBiodiversity

Richness and diversity of Richness and diversity of lifelife on Earth on Earth

Certain Certain speciesspecies might be resources to might be resources to humanshumans

– Use for Use for agriculture, medicine, science, agriculture, medicine, science, and enjoymentand enjoyment

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ExtinctionExtinction

Complete lossComplete loss of species of organism from of species of organism from EarthEarth

55 major mass extinctions major mass extinctions– 65 million years ago—wiped out dinosaurs65 million years ago—wiped out dinosaurs– Believed caused by catastrophic natural Believed caused by catastrophic natural

disastersdisasters

VVolcanic olcanic eruptionseruptions • • AsteroidAsteroid impactsimpactsOutbreak of Outbreak of diseasedisease • Changes in • Changes in

climateclimate

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Introduction of Invasive SpeciesIntroduction of Invasive Species– Exotic or alien species introduced Exotic or alien species introduced

Where not normally foundWhere not normally found

– Cause destruction of ecosystemsCause destruction of ecosystemsPopulations Populations growgrow rapidly rapidlySpread fromSpread from lack lack of natural enemiesof natural enemies

– Plants, animals, fish, insects, and fungiPlants, animals, fish, insects, and fungi– (Chestnut Blight – Zebra Mussels)(Chestnut Blight – Zebra Mussels)

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Emerald Ash Borer Larva

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Pollution of air, water, and soilPollution of air, water, and soil

– Destroys and depletes Destroys and depletes habitatshabitats

Industrial processes and consumption of Industrial processes and consumption of natural resourcesnatural resources

Production of energy Production of energy

Only chance of survival for Only chance of survival for some species—some species—captivitycaptivity

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The Endangered Species The Endangered Species ActAct

Designed to Designed to protectprotect endangered or threatened endangered or threatened speciesspecies

– Endangered speciesEndangered speciesOrganisms whose population has Organisms whose population has

decreaseddecreasedIImmediatemmediate danger of becoming extinctdanger of becoming extinct

– Threatened speciesThreatened speciesNumbers are Numbers are decliningdecliningSaved if Saved if stepsteps s taken to protecttaken to protect

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Wildlife ManagementWildlife Management

PlannedPlanned use, protection, and control of use, protection, and control of wildlifewildlife

SpecialistsSpecialists– Require very Require very specific specific habitat habitat

requirementsrequirements– Most Most susceptiblesusceptible– (Pandas eat only specific type bamboo found in mountains of China)(Pandas eat only specific type bamboo found in mountains of China)

TechniquesTechniques– Habitat improvementHabitat improvement

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Establishing wildlife Establishing wildlife refugerefuges & wilderness areass & wilderness areas

Protected ecosystemProtected ecosystemContain only Contain only nativenative species species

Controlled Controlled hunting and fisheries managementhunting and fisheries management– Regulating seasonsRegulating seasons– LimitsLimits on size & number species harvested on size & number species harvested– RestockingRestocking– Protection of breeding groundsProtection of breeding grounds

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Think AboutThink About What can you do to support and promote What can you do to support and promote

recyclingrecycling??

What can you do to support and promote What can you do to support and promote reusingreusing??

What can you do to support and promote What can you do to support and promote refusing (reducingrefusing (reducing))??

Why must we Why must we protectprotect the Earth’s animal and the Earth’s animal and plant species and resources?plant species and resources?