Warm-up

1. Pick up the “Precious Pink Packet” on the back table. If you didn’t pick up the standards, please pick it up today.

2. Write…Always KEEP in government section!!

3. Copy down this week’s homework!

4. In your agenda, write government test on 12/2

5. In your agenda, write economics test on 12/15

6. If you didn’t finish your test, please see me!

Forms of Governments

Who needs government?

Imagine a world with no governments!

No rules, no taxes, no leaders, no protection,

Awesome, right? What are your thoughts?

OK, so we need governments. Let’s take a look at how some of them work.

To study governments, we look at the following:

How do the citizens participate in their government?

How the power is distributed (divided) between the central government and the regional governments?

How do the citizens participate in their government?

There are three ways that people participate in their government. Autocracy, Oligarchy, and Democracy

Autocracy

Government in which the power to govern is held by one person.

I Just Can't Wait To Be King

Generally the power to rule is inherited or by military force.

The people do not participate. They obey the rules.

There are two

forms of autocracies.

#1 Dictatorship

The leader has not been elected and uses force to control all aspects of social and economic life.

Examples: Adolf Hitler in Germany and Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union

#2 AbsoluteMonarchy

A monarchy has a king, queen, emperor or empress.

The power is usually inherited or passed down from family members. We call this the “blood line.”

The monarch has absolute power. Therefore, the people do not get to participate.

The people simply obey the rules.

Example: Czar Nicholas II

Oligarchy

A government in which a few people such as a dominant clan or clique have power.The group gets their power from either military, wealth or social status.The people do not participate. The people obey the rules.Examples: Greek city states

Democracy

In a democracy, the government is “rule by the people.” The people participate by voting. They must also obey the rules.

There are two forms of democracy: Direct Democracy – People vote on all the issues.

What a bother!! Representative Democracy – People elect

representatives and give them the power to vote on issues. That’s easier than voting on every issue.

Example: United States

In a democracy….

Individual freedom and equality is valued.

Free elections are held.

Decisions are based on majority rule.

All candidates can express their views freely.

Citizens vote by secret ballot.

Your Turn!

Autocracy, Oligarchy, & Democracy - YouTube

Use your packet to construct a creative chart showing the three ways governments allow (or not) their citizens to participate in their government.

You might start by writing the three types across the top of your paper.

CRCT 136-137

State your answer…..and your evidence.

Anyone need to debate that answer?

Democratic Governments

There are two major kinds of representative democratic governments:ParliamentaryPresidential

Parliamentary vs. Presidential

Parliamentary Democracy

Voters elect members to the Parliament (legislature)

Parliament has two Houses: House of Commons and House of Lords

Parliamentary Democracy

House of Commons: The Political Party with the most votes in the House of Commons chooses the Prime Minister, the government’s leader with no set length of term.

Parliamentary Democracy

House of Lords: Little power with most members being nobles having inherited their titles

The United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy that has a constitutional monarch.

Kings, queens or emperors share power with elected legislatures.

Generally the kings are nothing more than figureheads (ceremonial) Queen Elizabeth II

The government is a democratic one that limits the monarchs power.

Example: Great Britain

Let’s See them in Action

Parliament in Action

Presidential Democracy

Now let’s look at what a PRESIDENTIAL democracy looks like…….

Presidential Democracy

Voters elect representatives to represent them

Voters elect the president.Therefore, in the presidential system, people

have a more direct say about those who serve in two branches of the government :

LegislativeExecutive

Your Turn!

Use the space provided in your packet to copy the chart on the next page.

Ask me lots of questions!

Parliamentary System

Presidential System

ExecutiveExecutive LegislativeLegislative

CitizensCitizensCitizensCitizens

LegislativeLegislative

ExecutiveExecutive

Elect

Elect

Elect

Elect

Select

Select

ElectElect

CRCT 137-139 (top)

State your answer…..and your evidence.

Anyone need to debate that answer?

Whew!

That is a lot of new information!

The best part is………….we can now answer the next important question about governments!

How is the power distributed?

There are three systems of distributing(dividing) power.UnitaryFederalConfederation

Distributing their power????

UFC Fighters

Unitary

Federal

Confederation

Unitary

One central government controls everything.

Power is not shared between states, counties or provinces.

Examples : France, the Netherlands, and Spain

The next slide shows power by shape!

Central Authority

UnitaryWays Government Distributes Power

Regional States

Regional States

Regional States

Regional States

Confederation

A voluntary association of independent states that agrees join together for a common purpose. (war, trade, alliances)

States and provinces can choose to follow or not follow the lead of the central government.

Example: European Union

Confederation

Central Authority

ConfederationWays Government Distributes Power

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Federal

Power is shared by a powerful central government.

States or provinces are given considerable self rule, usually through their own legislatures.

Examples: United States, Germany

Federation / FederalWays Government Distributes Power

Regional Authority

Central Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

How is the power distributed?

FederalShared power

Unitary Confederation

All key powers are held by the

central government

State/regional authorities

hold most of the power

Strong central government

Weaker central government

How Governments Determine Citizen Participation

DemocracyOligarchicAutocratic

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High Participation High Participation

Low or No Participation Low or No Participation

Still confused?

Autocracy vs. Unitary