War Effects World

Fighting outside of Europe War waged in East Asia -- Japanese

army expands into China German outposts in China—Battled

Japanese Fighting also in Africa – colonies

from Central Powers and colonies from Allied Powers fight each other.

African colonies begin thinking of independence from Western powers

Alliances of WWI

Middle East – Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire sided with

Germany & Central Powers Allied Strategy: Gallipoli Campaign Wanted control of the Dardanelles Also the City of Constantinople (Turk

Capital) Wanted to secure supply line to Russia Turned into Stalemate; British

eventually forced to withdraw

Dardanelles campaign

U.S. Enters War-1917 New German Policy: Unrestricted

Submarine Warfare - sink any ship in restricted waters

WHY? USA was supplying war material to Great Britain & Germany wanted to cut off the British supply line

Lusitania sank by German U-boat (1915) passenger ship 128 Americans died

American public opinion begins to favor entering the war

Zimmerman Telegram Feb 1917 Sent by German Foreign Secretary to

German Ambassador to Mexico Said that Germany would help

Mexico regain the land it lost to the U.S. if Mexico would join the Central Powers

Germany wanted Mexico to wage war against the U.S.

USA Declares War on Germany British intercepted

the message and gave it to the U.S.

President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war against Germany

Total War As war went on, countries devoted all

their resources towards war 1) Rationing of goods – coffee, bread, meat 2) Citizens were asked to donate resources

for the war effort – blankets, warm clothes, money, etc

3) Each country used Propaganda to get citizens to participate in TOTAL WAR Posters, radio, film, gov’t speakers visit schools

4) Women enter the workforce to replace men who have went to war/died

Russian propaganda posters

Russia exits the war(1918) March 1917 - Czar Nicholas II overthrown Provisional gov’t stays in war Bolshevik Revolution - Communist

gov’t comes to power - Nov. 1917 March 1918—Communist gov’t signs

peace treaty with Central Powers Treaty of Brest Litovsk – ended

Russian involvement in WWI Germany gained territory

Russian Revolution