Wärtsilä - Zero Emissions Ferry Concept (Electrical & Hybrid Systems)

© Wärtsilä

Zero Emissions Ferry ConceptElectrical & Hybrid systems

Wärtsilä Marine Solutions E&A

Ingve Sørfonn

Hybrid & Electric Expo 20161

© Wärtsilä Hybrid & Electric Expo 20162

THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY

© Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20163


Wärtsilä Zero Series

Wärtsilä Hybrid Series



The electrical ferry



Comfort and safety

Improved load and unload operation with single car deck



Control and Monitoring Systems

Wärtsilä integrated bridge

Wärtsilä ProTouch


Propulsion


• Design of ESS

– Small change in speed will change the need for energy substantial

• Example

– 1 kn increase(reference 13 kn) represent 40% increase in power

– If taken into account sea marging during operation the 1 knot increase represent 58% increase in power

Wärtsilä WST-11

The Wärtsilä Steerable Thruster (WST) Compact series has

been developed in parallel with the latest operating demands

for tugs, river-going vessels, ferry, and various offshore

support vessels.


WÄRTSILÄ INDUCTIVE CHARGING


WÄRTSILÄ INDUCTIVE CHARGING

Automated Mooring & Charging

Automated mooring

system with Vacuum

technology

by Cavotec

Charging system with

Induction technology

by Wärtsilä

Can be standarized for alle ferries and port terminals

Transfer of >1 MW power

Increase time for energy transfer by fast connection and late

disconnection

Improved safety during operation as no mecanical connection is

established

Reduced maintenance cost

Fully automated system

Combined with auto mooring the propulsion can be shut down during

docking

Shore connection to AC or DC or both as standard


HYBRID FERRIES – FLEXIBLE AND MODULAR DESIGN

ALL-ELECTRICBatteries used as only power

source all the time during operations

HYBRID (+ PLUG-IN HYBRID)

Batteries combined with engine to optimize performance with

variable operation profiles


ENERGY STORAGE - BENEFITS

ENVIRONMENT

LOW NOISE /

VIBRATION

REDUCED

EMISSIONS

SUPPORT

NEW

REGULATIONS

COST EFFICIENT

OPERATIONS

REDUCED

RUNNING HRS

RENEWABLE

ENERGYINCENTIVES

LOW ENERGY

COST

LESS

ENGINE

POWER

INCREASED FLEXIBILITY &

SAFETY

ENERGY

FLEXIBILITY

BACK-UP

POWER

INCREASED

REDUNDANCY


• Optimized engine operation

– Energy storage support operation of engines at optimal specific fuel consumption

• Reduced engine transients

– Energy storage will be used to reduce transient loads in engines. Transients will increase fuel consumption and emissions.

– Maintenance cost will be reduced

• Increased redundancy and efficient operations

– Power redundancy requirements requires engines to run at low loads. With energy storage as redundant power the engine will operate more efficient on higher loading and secure back-up in case of trip of engine.

– Engine operation time will be reduced.

Engine Specific Fuel Consumption

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Engine Load [%]

SF

C [

%]

ENERGY STORAGE - BENEFITS

© Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED

Battery Cell Battery String Battery assembly

Wärtsilä E&A Hybrid System supplier

- DC grid with power electronics

- Hybrid control system

- Charging concepts


BATTERY INTEGRATION

© Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED

1500 USD/kWh

1000 USD/kWh

500 USD/kWh


BATTERY COST – MARITIME SYSTEMS


ELECTRICAL CONFIGURATION

• Power electronics• Configurable hardware,

firmware and sw

• Ultra fast fault clearance

• Grid stability control

• Hybrid Control• Energy Management

• Power Management

• Battery Management• Battery safety

• Charging Control• Automatic connection

• Automatic charging

• Automatic disconnection

• Integrated with auto mooring


Short circuit protection with “electronic breaker”

• DC link voltage max drop worst case scenario <5%.

• Voltage over the faulty power module

• Fault curent < 1600A

• No disturbance of other operating modules connected to the DC bus

• No disturbance of the AC system

• Very limited damages


DC-bus stability in extreme manouvering

DC-bus voltage

Thruster load in various extreme maouverings


PSV OPERATION WITH ENERGY STORAGE

• 15% reduction in fuel consumption annually

• 20-30% reduction in emissions

• Short pay-back time (4-5 years)

• Silent and emission free operation in

harbours (using batteries)

• Can be installed on new builds and as

retrofits

• Support green operations in the oil & gas

industry

• Need incentives to start investment in an

industry where the oil companies pays the

fuel bill

Annual fuel costs ≈ $ 3,000,000

Savings potential ≈ 15%

Annual savings ≈ $ 500,000

Expected payback time ≈ 4 years

Payback time is based on a new build and an actual operational conditions where the

energy storage is used as redundant source and as peak shaving.


Technology demonstration

FERRY OPERATIONS

• The first ferry that can operate seamless between different modes of operation

– Diesel electric mode (as original)

– A multiple of hybrid modes with or without charging from shore

– Electrical mode with charging renewable energy from shore (no fossile fuel used)

– Testing ongoing in normal operation for over 1 year

– Next step is full scale implementation of inductive charging

– Onshore energy storage and grid connection


SHORE CHARGING SYSTEMS

Power Transfer System

Power Electronics

Energy Storage

Control Systems


FERRY OPERATIONS

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

25% fuel saving

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Energy from shore

Energy from DG

Total

• Charging at one terminal

• 1 MWh batteries + 1 gen-set 500kW operating

• Diesel running hours reduced with 50%

Results from operations


FERRY OPERATIONS

• Charging at one terminal

• Batteries + 1 gen-set operating

• Charging at two terminals

• Only batteries operating

SOC during different operations


FERRY OPERATIONS

• Example of conversion from DE operation to plug-in operation with energy from shore

– Fleet of 8 ferries

– 5 plug-in electrical - 2 hybrid operated

– Renewable power from shore

Fuel cost 430 €/ton

EL cost 50 €/MWh

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

DE Plug-in

DE versus plug-in operation

MGO tons EL MWh CO2 MGO tons

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

DE Plug-in

DE versus plug-in operation

Fuel € EL € TOT €


Conclusions

• Results from operations concludes the benefits of energy storage and hybrid operations including plug-in solutions

– Electrical plug-in operation reduce operational cost and zero emission can be achived with renewable energy

– Hybrid plug-in hybrid operation is attractive for many ships due to flexibility and fuel saving and reduced emissions

– Hybrid operation with variable operational profiles reduce operational cost and emissions with the right configuration and operational profile

• Energy storage systems(ESS) has documented reliable and safe operation and new class notations are already in place

• Understanding the operational needs is critical for design of the ESS and the overall control philosophy

ELECTRICAL & HYBRID SYSTEMS

Wärtsilä - Zero Emissions Ferry Concept (Electrical & Hybrid Systems)

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