12 July 1957, Volume 126, Number 3263

AMERICAN ASSOCIATIONFOR THE

ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

Board of DirectorsLAURENCE H. SNYDER, President BabelWALLACE R. BRODE, President ElectPAUL B. SEARS, Retiring President The bPAUL M. GRossGEORGE R. HARRIsoN as in oth

PAUL E. KLOPSTEG an interiCHAUNCEY D. LEAKE all whoMARGARET MEAD This 1THOMAS PARK languageWILLIAM W. RUBEY and grarALAN T. WATERMANPAUL A. SCHERER, Treasurer languageDAEL WOLFLE, Executive Officer for readi

InterliDARL WOLFLE, Executive Officer since itsGRAHAM DUSHANE, Editor on page

CHARLOTTE V. MEETING, Associate Editor himself:JOSEPH TURNER, Assistant Editor read wit

Editorial Board Saxon, aWALLACE R. BRODE EDWIN M. LERNER other peBENTLEY GLAss WILLIAM L. STRAUS, JR. MoreKARL LARK-HOROVITZ EDWARD L. TATUM

of the IrEditorial Staff the II

PATRICIA L. CARsoN, MARY L. CRASILL, HARRY the lateDAVID, SARAH S. DEER, NANCY S. HAMILTON, It was t]OLIVER W. HzATwoLz, YUKIE KozAi, ELLEN E. and inteiMURPHY, ROBERT V. ORMES, BETHSARE PEDERSEN,MADELINE SCHNEIDER, JANE STINE, JACQUELYN 1953 it

VOLLMER journalsEARL J. SCHERAGO, Advertising Representative of seven

largely iiSCIENCE, founded in 1880, is published each FuturE

Friday by the American Association for the Ad- availablevancement of Science at Business Press, Lancaster,Pa. Entered at the Lancaster, Pa., Post Office as New Yosecond class matter under the Act of 3 March 1879.SCIENCE is indexed in the Reader's Guide to manly r

Periodical Literature and in the Industrial Arts WritteIndex. internati

Editorial and personnel-placement correspond-ence should be addressed to SCIENCE, 1515 tonal wMassachusetts Ave., NW, Washington 5, D.C. stracts oManuscripts should be typed with double spacing If Intand submitted in duplicate. The AAAS assumes noresponsibility for the safety of manuscripts or for ma be ithe opinions expressed by contributors. For detailed ysuggestions on the preparation of manuscripts, book Interlireviews, and illustrations, see Science 125, 16 (4 in that iJan. 1957).stde

Display-advertising correspondence should be studiedaddressed to SCIENCE, Room 740, 11 West 42 who areSt., New York 36, N.Y. o ae

Changce of address notification should be sent to of peopl1515 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Washington 5, D.C., ever ind4 weeks in advance. If possible, furnish an address evrinstencil label from a recent issue. Be sure to give study.both old and new addresses, including zone num- Interlbers, if any.Annual subscriptions: $7.50; foreign postage, prove ta

$1; Canadian postage, 50¢. Single copies, 25¢. tion is nSpecial rates to members of the AAAS. Cableaddress: Advancesci, Washington.The AAAS also publishes THE SCIENTIFIC

MONTHLY.

SCIENCE

i Resolvedabel of languages hampers international communication in scienceier fields of human knowledge. For the first time in human history,national language has been fashioned that can be read at sight bycan read any Western European language.language is Interlingua. Interlingua is a planned, natural, auxiliarye. It is neither constructed nor synthetic. It is based on the wordsmmar (simplified and regularized) of the predominant Europeanes; it can be considered a sort of basic, average language (primarilying), common to most of the reading world.ingua is in use. It has made remarkable progress in the 5 yearssimple rules were formulated and put into practice. The article64 is written in Interlingua so that anyone can demonstrate tohow easy it is to read. Experience shows that Interlingua can bethout study or preparation by German, French, Italian, Anglo-and South American people, as well as by Japanese, Russian, andople who have been exposed to occidental linguistic patterns.than a quarter century of linguistic research in the laboratoriesnternational Auxiliary Language Association, supported largely byAmbassador and Mrs. Dave Hennen Morris, produced Interlingua.when put into use through cooperation between editors of journalsrnational conferences and a new division of Science Service. Sincehas come into use for publication of summaries in 17 medicaland has served as the only secondary language in the programsinternational medical congresses. This practical demonstration,

n the medical field, paves the way for other utilizations.e applications will be facilitated, to the extent that resources aree, by the Interlingua Division of Science Service (80 E. 11 St.,irk City), the chief of which is Alexander Gode, who was pri-esponsible for the evolution and formulation of Interlingua.en Interlingua is a running mate to simultaneous interpretation inional conferences. By the simple expedient of producing one addi-ritten version (in Interlingua) of program, information, and ab-f papers, the whole proceedings may be made available to all.terlingua summaries are appended to journal articles, the journalmade readable throughout the intellectual world.ingua differs from earlier auxiliary languages, such as Esperanto,it does not offer a new system of communication that needs to beand learned. No attempt is being made either to organize thoseinterested in the use of Interlingua or to teach it to large numbersle. If it is used, it is successful. Some trials in high schools, how-dicate that Interlingua can be used as an introduction to language

Lingua's application to science is a pilot operation. It should alsoD be of service in other fields in which international communica-ecessary.

WATSON DAVIS, Director, Science Service

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Institution of Civil Engineers, GreatGeorge St., London, S.W.1.)

18-21. American Astronomical Soc.,Urbana, Ill. (J. A. Hynek, SmithsonianAstrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden St.,Cambridge 38, Mass.)

19-21. National Council of Teachers ofMathematics, Northfield, Minn. (M. H.Ahrendt, NCTM, 1201 16 St., NW,Washington 6.)

19-22. American Veterinary MedicalAssoc., annual, Cleveland, Ohio. (J. G.Hardenbergh, AVMA, 600 S. MichiganAve., Chicago 5, Ill.)

19-23. Clay Conf., 6th natl., Berkeley,Calif. (Dept. of Conferences and SpecialActivities, Univ. of California Extension,Berkeley 4.)

19-23. Clinical Chemistry, 2nd inter-national European cong., Stockholm,Sweden. (K. Agner, Box 12024, Stock-holm 12.)

19-23. Plant Science Seminar, 34th an-

nual, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. (F. L.Mercer, St. Louis College of Pharmacy,St. Louis 10, Mo.)

19-24. Finite Groups, internatl. col-loquium, Tilbingen, Germany. (H. Wiel-andt, Faculty of Mathematics and NaturalScience, Eberhard-Karls-Universitit, Tu-bingen.)

19-24. High Energy Physics Symp.,Oak Ridge, Tenn. (University RelationsDiv., Oak Ridge Inst. of Nuclear Studies,P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge.)

19-24. New England Assoc. of Chem-

UCLEAR PHYSICSAND 5ENGqINEERING GLOSSARY

First Glossary of a complete authoritativeRussian-English Physics Dictionary

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GLOSSARIES IN PREPARATION* Electricity and Magnetism * Acoustics and Shock Waves* Electronics * Mechanics and General Physics* Liquids and Hydraulics * Solid State

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You may still subscribe to the comprehensive RUSSIAN-ENGLISH PHYSICS DICTIONARY and receive each glossaryas it is published, plus the final permanent indexed form when

completed in 1959 ........... only $50.00

Please address all inquiries to Dept. S.

Consultants Bureau is still seeking Scientist-Translators.A complete command of idiomatic English is required.

CONSULTANTA BUREAU, INC.227 WEST 17th STREET, NEW YORK 11, N. Y. -U.S.A.Telephone: ALgonquin 5-0713 * Cable Address: CONBUREAU, NEW YORK

88

istry Teachers, l9th summer conf., Water-ville, Maine. (Rev. J. A. Martus, Collegeof the Holy Cross, Worcester 10, Mass.)

19-24. Origin of Life, internatl. symp.,Moscow, U.S.S.R. (G. A. Deborin, Inst.of Biochemistry, U.S.S.R. Acad. of Sci-ences, B. Kaluzskaya 33, Moscow, B.71.)

20-22. Liquid Scintillation CountingConf., Evanston, Ill. (C. G. Bell, Jr.,Technological Inst., Northwestern Univ.,Evanston.)

20-23. Western Electronic Convention,annual, San Francisco, Calif. (D. B.Harris, Electron Tube Research, GeneralElectric Microwave Lab., Palo Alto,Calif.)

21-24. Pi Lambda Theta, New York,N.Y. (C. Johnson, Pi Lambda Theta, 307Portland Bldg., 1129 Vermont Ave., NW,Washington 5.)

22-5. International Scientific RadioUnion, 12th general assembly, Boulder,Colo. (K. A. Norton, Boulder Labora-tories, National Bur. of Standards,Boulder.)

24-26. International Soc. for BiologicalRhythm, 6th conf., Semmering, Austria.(A. Sollberger, Anatomical Department,Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 60,Sweden.)

25-27. Pacific Division-AAAS, annual,in conjunction with American Inst. ofBiological Sciences, Stanford, Calif. (R.C. Miller, California Academy of Sci-ences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco,Cailf.)

25-28. American Farm Economic As-soc., natl., Asheville, N.C. (L. S. Hardin,Dept. of Agricultural Economics, PurdueUniv., Lafayette, Ind.)

25-29. American Institute of BiologicalSciences, annual, Stanford, Calif. (H. T.Cox, AIBS, 2000 P St., NW, Washington6.)

The following 28 meetings are beingheld in conjunction with the AIBS meet-ing at Stanford, Calif.American Bryological Soc., annual. (W.

C. Steere, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)American Fern Soc., annual. (I. L.

Wiggins, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)American Microscopical Soc., annual.

(G. M. Smith, Dept. of Biological Sci-ences, Stanford Univ.)American Phytopathological Soc., an-

nual (W. B. Hewitt, Dept. of Plant Pa-thology, Univ. of California, Davis). 26-28 Aug. only.American Soc. for Horticultural Sci-

ence, annual. (H. P. Olmo, Dept. of Viti-culture, Univ. of California, Davis.)

American Soc. of Human Genetics. (E.J. Gardner, Dept. of Zoology, Utah StateCollege, Logan.)

American Soc. of Ichthyologists andHerpetologists. (W. C. Brown, Menlo Col-lege, Menlo Park, Calif.)American Soc. of Limnology and Ocean-

ography. (D. E. Wohlschlag, Dept. ofBiological Sciences, Stanford, Univ.)

American Soc. of Naturalists, annual.(D. Perkins, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)American Soc. of Plant Physiologists,

annual. (W. R. Briggs, Dept. of Biologi-cal Sciences, Stanford Univ.)

SCIENCE. VOL. 126

-i

WE:

- E.__ _micropipettes, made in our own

et or from your local de ler.M4ICROPIPETTE Cfatolo 1 5

11855 1811

I

ADVANCES IN EXPRIMENTALCARIES RESEARCH

AAAS SYMPOSIUM VOLUMEJune 1955

246 pp., 6" x 9", 49 illus., index, clothbound

Price $6.75; cash order price forAAAS members $5.75

This is a real contributionto dental science. It is the mostcomprehensive review of animal ex-perimentation on caries ever at-tempted. The format and reproduc-tion of illustrations are excellent."This compilation of research find-ings should have wide circulationand should be a storehouse of infor-mation for all those who are inves-tigating the problem of dentalcaries. It should serve to clarify thethinking and prevent useless dupli-cation in future studies. ...

Russell W. Bunting, School ofDentistry, University of Michigan.

AAAS, 1515 Mass. Ave., NW,Washington 5, D.C.

12 JULY 1957

American Soc. of Plant Taxonomists,annual. (I. L. Wiggins, Dept. of Biologi-cal Sciences, Stanford Univ.)

American Soc. of Zoologists, annual. (J.F. Oliphant, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)

Biometric Soc., WNAR. (D. E. Wohl-schlag, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Stan-ford Univ.)

Botanical Soc. of America, annual. (W.C. Steere, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)

Ecological Soc. of America, annual. (I.L. Wiggins, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)

Genetics Soc. of America, annual. (D.Perkins, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Stan-ford Univ.)

Mycological Soc. of America, annual.(R. M. Page, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)

National Assoc. of biology Teachers.(Miss E. Larson, Box 2841, Carmel,Calif.)

Nature Conservancy, annual. (W.Drake, Canyon, Calif.)

Phycological Soc. of America, annual.(G. F. Papenfuss, Dept. of Botany, Univ.of California, Berkeley 4.)

Sigma Delta Epsilon. (Mrs. C. B.Parker, 7 Lloyd Rd., Malvern, Pa.)

Society for Experimental Biology andMedicine, Pacific Coast Section. (J. P.Baumberger, Dept. of Physiology, Stan-ford Univ.)

Society of General Physiologists. (D.Mazia, Univ. of California, Berkeley 4.)

Society for Industrial Microbiology,annual. (J. C. Lewis, Agricultural Re-search Service, USDA, 800 Buchanan St.,Albany 10, Calif.)

Society for the Study of Evolution, an-nual. (R. W. Holm, Dept. of BiologicalSciences, Stanford Univ.)

Society of Protozoologists, annual. (J.F. Oliphant, Dept. of Biological Sciences,Stanford Univ.)

Society of Systematic Zoology, Pacificsection. (D. P. Abbott, Hopkins MarineStation, Pacific Grove, Calif.)

Western Soc. of Naturalists, annual.(W. M. Hiesey, Carnegie Institution ofWashington, Stanford, Calif.)

26-28. Gas Dynamics Symp., 2nd,Evanston, Ill. (A. B. Cambel, Techno-logical Inst., Northwestern Univ., Evans-ton.)

26-29. Boundary Layer Research, in-ternatl. symp., Freiburg, Breisgau, Ger-many. (H. Gbrtler, Mathematisches In-stitut der Universitat, Hebelstrasse 40Freiburg, Breisgau.)

26-29. Mathematical Assoc. of America,38th summer, University Park, Pa. (H.M. Gehman, Univ. of Buffalo, Buffalo 14,N.Y.)

26-30. American Mathematical Soc.,62nd summer, University Park, Pa. (J. H.Curtiss, AMS, 190 Hope St., Providence6, R.I.)

26-30. Infrared Spectroscopy Inst., 8thannual, Nashville, Tenn. (N. Fuson, In-frared Spectroscopy Inst., Fisk Univ.,Nashville 8.)

26-31. Low Temperature Physics andChemistry, 5th internatl. conf., Madison,Wis. (J. R. Dillinger, Dept. of Physics,Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison 6.)

(See issue of 21 June For comprehensive list)

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EQUIPMENT NEWSThe information reported here is ob-

tained from manufacturers and fromother sources considered to be reliable.Science does not assume responsibilityfor the accuracy of the information. Allinquiries concerning items listed shouldbe addressed to Science, Room 740, 11W. 42 St., New York 36, N.Y. Includethe name(s) of the manufacturer(s) andthe department number(s).

* FORCE TRANSDUCERS use variable-per-meance rectilinear transducers to sense

displacements resulting from a force-to-displacement conversion ring. The trans-

ducers are said to be less sensitive to

temperature changes than are differen-tial transformers or strain gages. Thetransducer senses either compression or

tension without mechanical adjustment.(Crescent Engineering and Research Co.,Dept. S422)

* CONDUCTIVITY CELL is designed as a

nonclogging tube for measurement ofsolutions flowing through a liquid sys-

tem. Electrodes are flush with the boreof the plastic cell. Threaded metal pipeends permit connection of the cell intothe sampling system. A wide range ofcell constants, with or without tempera-ture compensation, is available. (Indus-trial Instruments, Inc., Dept. S255)

* SILICONES and their physiological prop-

erties are the subject of a 48-page book-let entitled "Silicones in medicine andsurgery." The booklet purports to be themost thorough review of the literature ofthe subject ever assembled. A variety ofaspects of silicones is covered, includingdentistry, vial coatings, dermatology, in-strument sterilization, and so forth.(Dow Coming Corp., Dept. S416)

* ENCLOSED WORK AREAS are the basisfor laboratory design and operation forpurity and hazard control. Designed to

be universal and flexible, the enclosureshave their own air supply and exhaustsystem with services brought directlythrough. The enclosures are built up ofbasic components. A variety of acces-

sories, including remote manipulators, isavailable. Over-all dimensions of thebasic unit are length, 3 ft, height, 2 ft,.and depth, 20 or 28 in. (Kewaunee Mfg.Co., Dept. S265)

* ELECTRIC INSTRUMENTS utilize dia-mond pivots and shock-mounted sapphirejewels to achieve high accuracy withhigh ruggedness. Instruments incorporat-ing these pivots have accuracies up to+ 0.25 percent and can withstand the

shock of a 3-ft drop to a concrete floor.

Friction is reduced so that readings are

repeated without hand "tapping" in the

most sensitive instrument. No significantw%%ear is reported after 5 million full-scale

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deflections. Pivots in existing instrumentsmay be replaced with the new diamondpivots. (Sensitive Research InstrumentCorp., Dept. S266)

* CAPACITANCE BRIDGE is designed formeasurement of capacitance and dissi-pation factor at a frequency of 1 Mcy/sec. Measurements over the range be-tween 0.1 and 5 Mcy/sec, can be madewith reduced accuracy. At 1 Mcy/sec,capacitance accuracy is ± 0.1 percent± 1 Otf; dissipation factor accuracy± 0.0005 or ± 2 percent of reading,whichever is larger. When dissipationfactor is large, corrections must be madein both measurements. (General RadioCo., Dept. S450)

* CULTURE TUBE CLOSURES of stainlesssteel, available in six sizes, eliminate useof cotton plugs in growing cultures.Evaporation of medium is reduced byapproximately 50 percent. Pressure fin-gers that grip the outside of the tubeprevent accidental removal. (BellcoGlass, Inc., Dept. S448)

*DELAY LINE consists of 120 sections ofLC m-derived networks and a 1-pole,120-position rotary switch to vary delay.Fourteen models are available withmaximum time delays 1.2 to 1200 gsec.Impedance varies from 75 to 1000 ohm.Cutoff frequency in megacycles is 38.4divided by the total time delay in micro-seconds. (Advance Electronics Lab, Inc.,Dept. S449)

* QUARTZ-CRYSTAL X-RAY GONIOMETER,

manufactured by Hilger and Watts,Ltd., permits orientation of crystal sur-face and lattice planes to within 30 secof arc. A crystal-carrying turret and aGeiger-counter-detector mount rotate in-dependently about a common center.Each carries a precisely divided glasscircle. Peak reflections from latticeplanes are observed on a rate-of-countmeter. Either a high-intensity microfocusx-ray source or conventional x-ray dif-fraction equipment may be used as sourceof radiation. (Jarrell-Ash Co., Dept.S451)

* LABORATORY SAFETY is the subject of56-page booklet. In addition to descrip-tions of equipment designed for safehandling in the laboratory, the bookletcontains sections on accident prevention,first aid, fire prevention, and biblio-graphic references on laboratory safety.(Fisher Scientific, Dept. S446)

* ASPIRATOR, of explosion-proof design,provides pressure from 0 to 35 lb orvacuum from 0 to 25 in.-Hg. Oil, oilvapor, and moisture are removed bytraps. The unit is portable, weighing 35lb. (American Hospital Supply Corp.,Dept. S447)

SCIENCE, VOL. 126