VWS Wastewater Technologies - Veolia Water
Transcript of VWS Wastewater Technologies - Veolia Water
VWS Wastewater technologies
Sri Lanka, 4 December 2013
Kevin PING
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Contents
1. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
2. Biostry Aerated Filter
3. Membrane Bio-reactors
4. Ecodisk
5. Multiflo /Actiflo high rate settler
6. Discfilter
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Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)
The process is based on the biofilm principle, and the core of the process is the biofilm carrier elements made from polyethylene with a density slightly below that of water.
The reactors are filled up to 67% of their volume with these carrier elements.
The biofilm carrier elements are being kept suspended in the water by air from the diffusers in the aerobic reactors, and by means of a mixer in the anoxic reactors.
VSS content of biofilm is 90-95% - showing more active biomass per unit volume.
Thin Biofilm is controlled by continuous sloughing due to constant movement of the biomedia.
Several reactors in series may be used to develop specialized bacteria in each stage.
Process Flow Diagram
Biological Treatment Solid & Liquid Separation
• Organics
• Nitrogen
(Nitrification & Denitrification)
• Suspended Solids
• Excess Sludge
Biofilm carriers
Retaining sieves
Submersible
Key Elements in Anaerobic Bio-reactor
Key Elements in Aerobic Bio-reactor
Biofilm carriers
Air grid system
Retaining sieves
Solid Separation
Dissloved Air Floation (DAF)
Lamella Plate Settler (Multiflo / Actiflo)
Conventional Clarifier
Disfilter
Process Combination
Pure MBBR solution
Hybas combination process
BAS combination process
• Organics
• NH4-N
• TN
• NH4-N
• TN
• Organics
• High rate
BAS Combination
BAS combination process
Advantages Removal 50-70% of BOD 2-3 times higher capacity than conventional activated
sludge Improved activated sludge separability and
dewaterability Improved tolerance to variations and disturbances Simple operation
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Foot print, m²
AS+Sedimentation
MBBR+Sedimentation
MBBR+DAF
MBBR+Actiflo®
Ref: Aquateam report no. 03-031: A cost comparison of different processes for treatment of municipal wastewater.
Foot Print
50%
67%
100 kg/d
134 kg/d
Increase Filling degree by adding more biofilm carriers
Future Expansion
MBBR BAS HYBAS
Easy Upgrading
Rectangular covered concrete reactors
Circular Steel Reactors (Bolted or Welded)
Circular fiber glass reactors
Rectangular/Circular open concrete reactors
Possibility to utilise existing tanks
Existingaeration
Conventional Activated
SludgeMBBR
Expansion Phase
ModifiedExistingaeration
An example: an upgrade work for nitrification
Very compact
Simple operation
Robust - tolerates variations and disturbances
No sludge bulking problems
Tolerates high TSS in - operation without primary treatment
Easy to increase capacity by filling in more media
Easy to create multi-stage systems with specialized micro-organisms
Can easily be installed in existing tanks or basins
Technology Advantages
More than 400 installation worldwide
Design Load
Flow: 28,800 m3/d
BOD: 2,900kg/d
COD: 5,925kg/d
TSS: 2,900kg/d
TN: 755kg/d
TP: 107kg/d
Temperature: 10oC
Case Study : Lillehammer, Norway (MBBR)
Effluent Quality
BOD: <10 mg/L
TN: 70% removal
TP: <0.2 mg/L
Parallel Lines
Post Denitrification with external carbon source
Total Volume 3840 m3
Lillehammer, Norway
Influent (mg/L) Effluent (mg/L) Removal
BOD 81.67 3.33 96%
TN 25.46 5.17 80%
TP 3.67 0.08 98%
Average Values – year 2000
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Biological Aerated Filter
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Biological Aerated Filter (BAF)
Fixed film process.
Process capable of removing all biodegradable pollutants (carbon,
ammonia and nitrogen compounds)
2nd Generation BAF process developed by OTV (1992), originally for
N/DN applications.
Upflow filtration with floating media bed retained below nozzle floor
Polystyrene beads (Biostyrene ) providing surface area for biofilm
growth and compact media bed for suspended solids removal.
Backwashing utilises treated water under gravity
Modular design (Concrete : 13m2, 28m2, 42m2, 63m2, 84m2, 113m2
<230m2)
What is Biostyr ?
03/12/2013 Direction or Department name 22
Biostyr Filter
Effluent Chamber
Filter Media
Inlet Channel
Pipe Gallery
Backwash Water Pipe
Inlet Pipe
Air Main Drain Air Grid
Nozzle Floor
Process air
Raw water
Filtered water
Outlet Closed
Inlet Open
Filtration Mode
Nozzle floor
Inlet channel
Effluent chamber
Discharge
point
Backwash water
Treated water
Nozzle floor
Outlet Open
Inlet Closed
Inlet channel
Back Wash Mode
Effluent chamber
To back wash
water holding tank
Upflow type, co-current process air and filtration direction
Media S. G. < 1
No maintenance for air grid (perforated tube)
Backwash by gravity, no pump required
Easy access to nozzles
Treated wastewater on top of filter, odour problem eliminated
Nitrification / denitrification in one cell
Special Features
Applications
Secondary Carbonaceous ( C )
Secondary Nitrification ( NII )
Tertiary Nitrification ( NIII )
Denitrification ( DN )
Nitrification and Denitrification ( NDN )
Carbon removal
Nitrification
Nitrification / denitrification
Primary Settler Biostyr®
Influent Effluent
Waste Sludge
Waste Sludge
Biostyr® - Secondary Treatment
Biostyr® NIIIActivated Sludge
Settler
Biotanks
Biostyr® - Tertiary Treatment
Nitrogen
DN -> External Carbon Source
Effluent
Waste Sludge
Influent
Waste Sludge
Biostyr® - 2nd & Tertiary Treatment
Nitrogen External carbon source
Carbon removal Nitrogen
Biostyr® NDN
Influent
WasteSludge
Biostyr® DN
Effluent
Waste
Sludge
Waste
Sludge
Primary Settler
Filter Cell
Open Top
Steel Tank
Covered
Concrete slab & Nozzles
Air Distribution Laterals
Air Feed Header
Aeration System and Filter Cell
Nozzles
Biostyr® Cell
Air Blowers
Biomas
• Material : Polystyrene • Diameter : 3-6 mm• S. G. < 1
Bio-media
Biostyrene®
3.3, 3.6, 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0mm
BackwashWater Pipe
BackwashControl Valve
AirMainInlet Pipe
Pipe Gallery
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Case Study: Marseille, France (BAF)
CEPTBAF
Chemical Enhanced Primary Treatment (CEPT) phase 1 (underground):- Year of commissioning: 1987- Capacity: 1 620 000 PE- Treatment flow: 246 000 m3/d
Biological system (BAF) phase 2 (underground):-Year of commissioning: 2007-Capacity: 1 865 000 PE-Treatment flow: 360 000 m3/d
Key Process Overview
13. Technical/Electricalroom
7. Actiflo
12. Control/officeextension
6. Treated water outlet
4. Pumping station
10. Ventilation
5. Biofiltration
14. Tunnel liaison forpedestrian
9. Process air
3. Lamellar settling
2. Pre-settling8. Odor treatmentAquilair
1. Pre-treatment
11. Control/office existing
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Membrane Bio-reactor
The combination of an activated
sludge process with a UF/MF-
membrane filtration called
Membrane Bio Reactor (BIOSEP®).
Separation of the purified water from
mixed liquor by membrane instead
of conventional processes.
Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR)
Principle
Replace the clarifier by a selective physical barrier to :
Keep all the activated sludge in the tanks
MLSS Bacteria
Allows only soluble component to go through the membrane
No Solids in the effluent (TSS < 1 mg/l)
No bacteria or virus (depending on pore size)
Air
Bacteria
VirusSolids
Membrane
Treated
Water
Activated Sludge Reactors
Process Air Blowers
Membrane/filtration Tanks
Aeration Devices
Return/waste Sludge Pumps
Permeate Pumps
Submermsible Mixers
Major Components
Conventional vs MBR Treatment
Compact system, high MLSS concentration, less space
No final clarification (no risk of sludge loss, performance is
independent of the sludge index)
High COD removal, including slowly biodegradable COD (long
biomass retention time)
Reduced reagent levels in phosphorous elimination
Sludge thickening facilities is not required
Benefits over Conventional Activated Sludge
Performance
Parameters Treated Quality
Chemical Oxygen Demand
(COD)
30 - 70 mg/l
(depending on hard COD)
Biological Oxygen Demand
(BOD5)
≤ 5 mg/l
Suspended Solids (SS) < 1 mg/l
Total Nitrogen (TN) 10 - 15 mg/l
(depending on hard nitrogen)
Total Phosphorus (TP) < 0,5 - 2 mg/l
Total coliform 5 log or ≤ 500 U/100 ml
Immersed membranes are placed either directly into the aeration
tank, or into a filtration/membrane tank with recirculation devices.
Main Configurations of Immersed MBR
Operation Sequences
Filtration phase (treatment phase)
- 10 to 12 minutes
Backwash phase
- 30 to 60 seconds
Degasing phase (under-pressure
filtration)
- 10 to 20 seconds
Filtration Phase
Water is filtered from the
outside to the inside of the
fibers by low-pressure suction
(< 0.5 bar).
During filtration, the sludge is
retained by the membranes,
creating a sludge cake on the
outside of the fibers.
Backwash Phase
Fouling is prevented by pumping
back the permeate (filtered water)
is counter-current flows through
the membranes.
Scour air continuously flows up-
ward and also helps to release
the sludge cake.
Membrane configurations
Immersed Flat Sheet
Immersed Hollow Fibre
Skid mounted Hollow Fibre
Worldwide Installation
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Ecodisk Process
Use of a natural phenomenon
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In turning, the mill wheel
alternates immersion and
emersion phases,
… that we use to treat
which causes bacterial film development...
Operating principle
wastewater.
02: air input by exchange
with the wet surface (large
contact area)
Active biological mass =
biological turf
02: oxygenation of the
sludge suspended in the
tank (suspended growth)
About 3 to 5 times thicker
at the edge than at the
centre
Immersion
Bacteria degrade and absorb the
polluting organic matter
Waste water tank half full
EmersionBacteria breathe and
absorb the oxygen
Waste water
carrying
polluting
matter
Speed:
3.5 rpm
Motor
reducing
gear
Grease
bearings
Disk : Ø 2 m
Operating principle
Biological treatment by fixed culture
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Complement treatments:
• Physical-chemical phosphate removal: Iron chloride (P > 2 mg/l)
• Global nitrogen : Anoxic zone (NGl > >20 mg/l)
Performance
Outlet standard dischargesTotal load
(g BOD/m²/d)
Max. load on
the 1st module
(g BOD/m²/d)
Retention time
(h)
Level 1: without nitrification
COD < 120 mg/l
BOD < 25 mg/l
7 -12 < 30 > 0.8h
Level 2: TKN treatment
(70 to 90 %)4-6 < 30 > 1h
# Design varies according to temperature and plant size
Fields of application
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Small and medium communities
Recreation centers, camping
Hotel resorts, other seasonal destinations
Mountainous areas
Rehabilitation and extension of plants
Every export project with minimized civil works
A lot of
pollution
Disks
totality put
in charged
of a lot of
bacteria
Process advantages
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Adaptation to organic underloadings
By progressive colonization of the disk surface
Not much
pollution
First disks
put in
charged of
a lot of
bacteria
Other advantages
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Simple operation mode (No regulation for sludge return, dissolved oxygen control)
Low energy consumption (25 % to 40 % less in comparison with activated sludge)
Less maintenance (no blower, mixer, DO control instru-ment…etc)
Easy installation and expansion (Modularity)
Combination of ECODISKTM
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Installations
… with more than 1,000 product installations in 35 countries
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Case study : Breil sur Roya, France
Capacity : 3,000 PE
Treatment process:
ECODISK ™ + lamellar clarifier
Sludge treatment: Centrifuge
Process tanks : Concrete
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Multiflo & Actiflo Settler
OPERATION WITHOUT REAGENT
(low flow variation)
OPERATION WITH:
- Coagulant
- Polymer
- Microsand®
(wide flow variation)
Multiflo® Actiflo®
Large scale variation of the inlet flow
OPERATION WITH:
- Coagulant
- Polymer
(average flow variation)
Lamella Clarification
** Lamellar sludge thickening: Actidyn®
Coagulation: Coagulant + -
Flocculation:
Rapid mixing:
Slow mixing:
Polymer
FAST SETTLING
Coagulation and Flocculation
PURPOSE : Settling of settleable particles and colloids by adding metallic salts and polymer.
COAGULATION & FLOCCULATION PRINCIPLES
Coagulation: destabilisation of particular SS by adding metallic salts and rapid mixing
Flocculation: development of big settleable flocs by polymer adding and slow mixing
Coagulation and Flocculation
Hazen velocity:
cosSn.P.T.S L
...
max
PTS
QVH
mirror
mirrorS
QV max
Mirror velocity:
Hazen and Mirror Velocity
Lamella Plates/Tubes
For wastewater :
• Corrugated plates or honeycomb tubes
• Orthogonal spacing : 70-90 mm
• Slop angle : 60° to the horizontal
• Inclined length ≥ 1 m
For drinking water :
• Corrugated plates or honeycomb tubes
• Orthogonal spacing : 35-50 mm
• Slope angle : 60° to the horizontal
• Inclined length : ≥ 1 m
Honeycomb
Corrugated
Multiflo® : Applications
Drinking water.
Wastewater
· Primary
· Tertiary
Sludge thickening.
Surface water treatment.
Multiflo® Series Range
Multiflo® Series Range
Multiflo® Duo:
Coagulation, flocculation and lamellar clarification of water and wastewater.
Multiflo® Trio:
As above, plus sludge recirculation to improve performances and reduce chemical.
Multiflo® Settler
A flash mixing : coagulant injection
A flocculation stage equiped with Turbomix™: flocculant injection
A clarifying section with lamella plates
A sludge recirculation network
An internal thickening area to obtain 3% DS sludge (1 to 10%)
Multiflo® Trio - Sludge recirculation
Sludge recirculation allows chemical dosing saving, (quantities depending on inlet water characteristics), improves the settling and provides a more thickened sludge.
Sludge recirculation reduces the impact of changing inlet water characteristics. The bigger is the plant capacity, the smaller is the impact.
When the SS concentration in the inlet water is small, sludge recirculation may guarantee the SS removing rate.
Performances
Polymer concentration: 0.3 to 2ppm
FeCl3 or Al2(SO4)3, depending on the conditions and outlet request.
Removal efficiency
- Multiflo®: Raw water turbidity up to 1000 NTU.
Clarified water turbidity < 5 NTU
- Multiflo® Trio: Raw water turbidity up to 1000 NTU.
Clarified water turbidity < 3 NTU
Multiflo® Footprint
Conventional settling
2 m/h
Multiflo®
15 m/h
Multiflo® Trio
30 m/h
Conventional settling
Multiflo®
Multiflo® Trio
Major Components
Lamella Plate and Effluent Launder
Support for Lamella Plate Modules
Supporting beams
Lamella platemodules
Lamella platemodules
Effluent launders
Case Study: Shanghai, China (CEPT)
Type: CEPT
Source: Sewage
Wet wether peak flow: 1,200,000 m3/ d
Number of units : 2 units
Settler dimensions: 16 x 16 m
Bailonggang WWTP, Shanghai
Chemical dosage:
· Alum 44 ppm
· Polymer0.35 ppm
Coagulation duration: 1.77 min(peak)
Floculation duration: 9 min (peak)
Upflow velocity: 35 m/h (peak)
COD BOD SS NH3-N PO4-P
(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l)
Inlet water 320 130 170 30 5
Outlet water 180 70 40 30 1
Removal rate % 44 46 76 0 80
Actiflo® Process
Actiflo® is a combination of :
Chemical precipitation
Micro-sand enhanced
flocculation
Lamella sedimentation
Design Principle
COAGULANT
POLYELECTROLYT
MICROSAND FAST MIXING
FLOCULATION
RAW WATER
FAST SETTLING
Micro sand for Actiflo Process
Performance Simulation by Jar-Test
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 - PAC2 - PAC + polymer3 - PAC + polymer + microsand
t = 3 s t = 8 s t = 2 min t = 5 min
ACTIFLO ® : Flow Diagram
SLUDGE
HYDROCYCLONE
POLYMER
RAW
WATER
COAGULANT
COAGULATION
INJECTION
MATURATION
TUBE SETTLER
WITH SCRAPER
CLARIFIED
WATER
BALLASTED FLOCS
TO HYDROCYCLONE
MICRO-SAND
Foot Print Comparison
Conventional settling(2 m/h)
Lamella settling(20-30 m/h)
ACTIFLO(80-120 m/h)
Applications
Municipal
Drinking water (Surface & ground water)
Wastewater (Primary & tertiary)
Stormwater (CSO)
Re-use
Industrial
Process water
Wastewater
Hydrocyclone
Steel or cast iron with inner rubber lining or plastic (polyurethane) lining for small-size hydrocyclones.For potable water applications parts in contact with water -food-grade approval.One hydrocyclone per pump (highly recommended); Using larger size hydrocyclones
rather than small ones :• Reduces number as well as
reduce the complexity of the recirculation circuit,
• Reduces clogging risks at inlet and underflow,
• Reduces feed pressure, abrasion and power consumption
Sludge
Micro-sandand sludge
Micro-sand
Recirculation Line
Delivery of the micro-sand and sludge from the lamella settler to the hydrocyclone;
Centrifugal pump (body and impeller) with rubber lining;
Open or vortex impeller is recommended for primary treatment due to presence of fibrous matters;
Rotation speed in range of 1,000~1,700 rpm;
Controlled flow proportional to inlet (approx. 4-6%);
Variable speed control
Advantages
High treatment efficiency
Efficient use of chemicals
Compact system, less space
required
Short start-up time
Stable process
Installations
Drinking water
· More than 130 installations
· Smallest plant: 30 m3/h (St. Augustin, Canada)
· Biggest plant: 40,000 m3/h (Selangor, Malaysia)
Wastewater
· More than 50 installations
· Smallest plant: 150 m3/h (Røros, Norway)
· Biggest plant: 110,000 m3/h (Acheres, France)
Industry
· More than 40 installations
Acheres, FranceTertiary wastewater & CSO - 110,000 m3/h
Case Study: Paris, France (Tertiary & CS)
Application: Tertiary treatment (TP removal)
Total Capacity: 30 m3/sNumber of Trains: 9Capacity per Train: 3.3 m3/sCommissioning: XXXX
Paris, Acheres I WWTP
P-Effluent Limit: 1.0 mg/l
Dosages: 60 mg/l Ferric Chloride0.5 mg/l Polymer
Typical P-Performance (at start-up):
Influent (mg/l) 1.6 - 4.6 (Avg 2.70) Effluent (mg/l) 0.03 - 2.1 (Avg 0.62)Removal (%) 69 – 90 (77)
Tertiary Mode
Operation Modes
Total ACTIFLO Capacity : 513 MGDNumber of Trains: 5 + 1 stand-byCapacity per Train: 103 MGD
Normal
Operation WWTPActiflo®
Receiv
ing W
ate
r
Storm
Operation
WWTP
Actiflo®
Receiv
ing W
ate
r
CSO Mode
Total Phosphorous Removal
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
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Hour of Operation
Ph
osp
ho
ro
us
(mg
/L)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Percen
t
Rem
oval
Influent P-PO4 Effluent P-PO4 % Removal
Performance (June 2002)
TSS Removal
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50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
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Hour of Operation
To
tal
Su
sp
en
ded
So
lid
s (
mg
/L)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Perc
en
t R
em
oval
Influent TSS Effluent TSS % Removal
Dry Weather (Tertiary):
• TSS < 12 mg/l or > 60% removal• Ptot. < 1 mg/l w. 60 mg/l FeCl3, or 60% removal• Ptot. < 2 mg/l w. 45 mg/l FeCl3, or 60% removal
Wet Weather (CSO):
• 80% TSS• 80% BOD (Particulate)• 15 minutes to reach 65% TSS removal
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Discfilter
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Applications
Effluent polishing of wastewater
Water reclamation and reuse
Product recovery in industrial applications
Process water filtration
Where a filter with small footprint is required
When a low cost alternative to sand filtration is required
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Operation Principle
Retractable spray bars
Dirty backwash water outlet flange
Backwash level probe
Access platform level
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Key Features
Discfilter® consists of:A central drumAssembled discs (with
filter cloth)A central axle in which
the filter is suspended Backwash pump StrainerChain, drive &
gearbox
Duplex drive chain
Backwash pump & strainer
Discs
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Installation
Weir Plate
Outlet Channel
Discfilter
Weir Plate
Concrete Channel
Inlet Channel
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Automatic Backwash
Level sensor activated
Filter not off line for backwash
All discs cleaned with each rotation during backwash
Basin not drained during backwash
No clean water tank required
Treated filtered water for backwash
< 3% Required for backwash
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Moving Spray Bar
Discfilter® - Moving Spray BarPrevents streaking of media
More efficient than stationary nozzles
Spray header retracts from basin
• Nozzles replaceable from walkway
• Nozzles not submerge
• Not susceptible to fouling
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Advantages
Sturdy (commonly made of 304 or 316 stainless steel)
70-80% smaller footprint than sand filters
• Example: 3.0 MGD – 12’ x 8’
• Low install cost
Simple design
• Reliable,
• Minimisation of mechanical and ancillary parts
Simple installation, simple controls
Simple maintenance, simple operation
Flexibility:
• For corrosive environments, components can be made of titanium or special alloys
• Filtration levels and increased capacity can be achieved by simple replacing or adding discs
Area for
sand filter
Area for
Discfilter®
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General Specification
Capacity: 10,000 to 4,000,000 l/h
Wide range of models: diamaters1.7, 2.1, 2.2 and 3.1 m with up to 20 discs per filter
Filter opening 10-100 microns
Large filter area: up to 112 m2
filter area
Low operating headloss: 8-10”across filter
Strong 10-year operating experience
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Performance
TSS reduction: 50 - 99% removal
Influent TSS range: 5 – 260 mg/l
Effluent TSS range: 2 – 30 mg/l
(typically < 5 mg/l)
Turbidity reduction: 50 – 95% removal
Influent NTU range: 0.5 – 34 NTU
Effluent NTU range: typically < 2 NTU
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Case Study: Barcelona, Spain (Tertiary Treatment)
One of the biggest municipal wastewater reuse plants in Europe
Part of the tertiary treatment in Baix Llobregat WWTP (124,000 m3/day)
Process: combination of Actiflo® (3 sets) and Discfilter® (10 sets). Footprint reduction > 80%
Reuse of 50 Hm3/year, currently being sent to the sea
Treated water use: Irrigation, humid area maintenance, flow maintenance of the Llobregat river
Commissioning expected in March, 2006
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Overview of Site
Tertiary treatment
Thanks for Your Attention!
Process Flow
1