Vondráková, A: The influence of applied cartographic methods on the map information perception:...
Transcript of Vondráková, A: The influence of applied cartographic methods on the map information perception:...
This presentation is co-financed by the European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic
The influence of applied cartographic methods The influence of applied cartographic methods on the map information perception on the map information perception
quantification for various groups of users
Alena VONDRÁKOVÁ
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Principal points of researchPrincipal points of research
lack of standardization or mandatory rules in cartography choice of method of cartographic visualization
depends on the opinion of the map author way of expressing the same information by different methods
of cartographic visualization leads to different user perception what can affect the perception of the map
age, sex, education, previous experience, actual mood... maps have to help their users to better understand geospatial
relationships, not to confuse the user users have to get the information as quickly as possible
and as accurately as possible
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Methods of cartographic visualizationMethods of cartographic visualization
set of rules to express the spatial characteristics in the map often referred as:
methods of representation, means of expression, interpretive methods, graphical representation, mapping expression, etc.
many ways of distribution and classification of these methods primary classification: point, line, areathematic classification: physical- and socio-economic geographythematic methods: choropleth, isarithmic , dot density,
dasymetric, topographic...type of material: tactile 3D, plastic, paper, metal...type of presentation: digital, analog, on-line, off-line...
representatives of the Czech cartography:Voženílek, Veverka, Konečný, Kaňok, Čapek, Drápela, Murdych...
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Map information perceptionMap information perception
Ways in which maps are read by users are crucial determinants Ways in which maps are read by users are crucial determinants of the effectiveness of such mapsof the effectiveness of such maps. . Board and Taylor, 1977
the influence of using different cartographic methods of visualization on the information perception from a mapis something, that objectively exists map information perception is individualour aim is to objectify and quantify this user aspectone of the possible solutions is offered by technologyof eye-tracking
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
SMI RED 250 120 Hz, resolution 1680 × 1050 px
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the studySMI Experiment Centre™
BeGaze™ Analysis software
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
AOI characteristics, fixations, saccades, mouseclicks...
Statistical evaluationStatistical evaluation
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
HeatMap
GazePlot
Visual evaluationVisual evaluation
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
ScanPath
BeeSwarm
Individual interpretationIndividual interpretation
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
Comparison of respondentsComparison of respondents
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Realization of the studyRealization of the study
Group evaluationGroup evaluation
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Preliminary resultsPreliminary results
Data processingData processing
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Preliminary resultsPreliminary results
minimal influence of gender on the response time in total cartographers answered one second faster woman response was also one second earlier than man response
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Preliminary resultsPreliminary results
influence of cartographic education is significant difference in correct answers is 12% in cartographic education
and 5% between gender (women were more succesfull)
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Significant differencesSignificant differences
difference between cartographers and non-cartographers
problems with contour lines,choropleth map and diagram map
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
Preliminary resultsPreliminary results
the most suitable for the presentation of terrain was method of colour hypsometry
for the presentation of socio-economic data of uneploymentwas the most appropriate diagram map
for the presentation of demographical characeristic was the most suitable method of diagram map
big influence has also the choose of the type of chart
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
ConclusionConclusion
some questions seems easy and in the result they are the most difficult for respondents
there are significant differences between sub-groupsof respondents identified by sex or cartographic education
we can train people how to read maps – but can people train cartographers how to create maps?
it is needed tovalidate maps
it is needed to takeinto consideration the user aspects
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
DiscussionDiscussion future tasks
to make this experiment with regard to the age of respondents try to identify control mechanism in user behaviour
(time of verifikation answers that the user find some time period beforethe mouseclick – such as control of other possibilities in AOI)
Using appropriate visualization methods can significantly reduce the time needed for obtain required information.
Maps help their users to better understand geospatial relationship... Maps help their users to better understand geospatial relationship...
Kraak and Ormeling, 2003
......and and should not confuse should not confuse them!them!Vondráková, 2012
First InDOG Doctoral Conference, 29th October - 1st November 2012, Olomouc
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION