VMworld 2013: Low-Cost, High-Performance Storage for VMware Horizon Desktops
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Transcript of VMworld 2013: Low-Cost, High-Performance Storage for VMware Horizon Desktops
Low-Cost, High-Performance Storage
for Horizon Desktops
Courtney Burry, VMware
Donal Geary, VMware
Tristan Todd, VMware
EUC5708
#EUC5708
3
Agenda
Storage Costs for Horizon View
Planning for Performance
Modern approach to
Storage Architecture
Q and A
4
Disclaimers / Things to Keep in Mind
We refer to a few different storage technologies by name as
examples.
We don’t use every single storage vendor on earth for examples.
Don’t let it harsh your mellow if we don’t use your favorite.
Some things presented here are the opinions of the presenters
Remember…your mileage may vary
5
Horizon View – Storage Costs
6
“ 43% of workforce using 3+ devices
9 of 10 companies report consumer
technologies in the workplace. But PCs
not going away!
74% of employees use consumer
technologies, lack of alternatives from IT
”
End-User Computing: The Current State
Increasingly
Mobile Workforce
Better Consumer
Technologies
Traditional Tools
Insufficient
7
This Is Leading to Many Challenges for IT
“How Do I Secure IP and Data &
Maintain Compliance?”
• $459K/year spent on losses associated with
lost-stolen data and endpoints
“How Do I Manage All of These
New Devices and Apps?”
• Up to 8 hours for device deployment per user
• Over 4.5 hours spent patching
applications per user
“How Do I Contain Costs?”
• Managing BYOD typically costs companies
about 17-20% more vs. supporting company allocated
devices
8
Deliver: Empower your
workforce with secure,
roaming access to your
same desktop
across devices
Broker: Manage and secure
virtual desktops from a single
admin console while
removing data off endpoints
Horizon View virtualizes desktops into a central service
Transform: Simplify
desktops and apps into
the datacenter with
virtualization
Streamline Management
Enhance Security
Provide High Availability
Better Support More Users
Across More Devices
9
Overcoming Key Challenges to Accelerating
Adoption
10
So What is Keeping VDI Projects from Taking Off More?
Elephant in the room: cost of deploying VDI
Large up-front CAPEX hurdle
VDI Solution Management Complexity
Layers of non-integrated, disparate elements
Management complexity and escalating OPEX
Inadequate infrastructure & poor planning
Under sizing
Complex infrastructure that doesn’t scale
Lack of architectural approach day-1
10
11
The Negative Impact of Infrastructure on ROI
Source: 2011 Morgan Stanley Desktop Survey
Server, Storage and Networking on average
comprise 50% of solution TCO per desktop
$160
$125
$40
$150
$125
$50 Storage
Server
Networking
Endpoint
Broker
Licensing
Average Cost per Virtual Desktop ($)
12
The Goal of vFast Track Architectures
• Optimizing storage features in View and storage solutions from partners
• Partnering with Cisco to deliver a compelling bundled offering
• Incenting channel to drive bookings
Drive Down Cost of Acquisition for VDI
below that of PC
• Make it easy to start small and grow
• VDI infrastructure with plug ins to vCenter
Streamline VDI Management & Provide Linear
Scalability
• With prescriptive Reference Architectures and Customer Reference Implementations
Take the Guesswork out of VDI
13
Making Inroads on Acquisition Cost and TCO with View
ACQUISITION COST PER USER
DRIVING DOWN THE COST OF
AQUISITION
Radically Simpler Management
Storage Optimizations from VMware
3rd Party Storage Validations
$200
$1200
$1000
$800
$600
$400
Time 2013
$500
$0
Infrastructure Cost
(does not include client)
$250
2010
>$200
14
Four approaches to storage for VDI
1
2
3
Use the right shared storage for
Horizon View
Deploy Horizon View on a converged
appliance
Use a Virtual Storage Appliance
4 Consider DASD
15
Performance Planning
16
What is VMware doing in Horizon View?
Leverage Linked Clones Tier Storage for VDI
SE Sparse Storage Accelerator
17
Choosing “Good” Storage for Horizon View
18
How do we know the storage is Good?
Low Latency
Reasonable
CAPEX
Reasonable
OPEX
Easy to
Manage
Scalable
Resilient
Green
Existing
Platform
Existing
Vendor
Support
Simple
Architecture
Burst Capable
19
There is no denying it: Flash is Fast
SATA HDD typ. read IOPS: 80
Flash SSD typ. read IOPS: 30,000
375x
20
Just for Perspective, 375x means
Typical walking speed: 3 mph
F-18E Super Hornet: 1120 mph
21
IOPS – IOPS – IOPS!!!
22
IOPS – IOPS – IOPS!!!
Storage
Network
We can deliver
250K read IOPs
200K write IOPs
LATENCY
LATENCY
23
VMkernel
Storage – “Where bad things happen”
Array Cache
Virtual SCSI
Storage Processor
Front-end
Spindles
Back-end
Paths
Path Contention or
thrashing
IOps/MBps Maximums
Processor saturation
Write De-stage = deadly
IOps/MBps Maximums
IOps/MBps maximums and
device configuration
“just not enough disks”
VMFS NFS client
24
vDisk I/O – Three Main Latencies
Application Guest OS
ESX Storage
Stack
VMM
Driver
3. KAVG
2. DAVG
1. GAVG
QAVG
GAVG = KAVG + DAVG
Fabric
vSCSI
HBA
Time in ESXi storage stack is minimal, for all practical
purposes KAVG ~= QAVG. In a well configured system
QAVG should be zero
Array SP
When KAVG > 0, I/O is
typically backed up in a
device or adapter Queue
25
vCenter “Disk” Performance Chart
KAVG
• Kernel Read latency
• Kernel write latency
• Kernel command latency
QAVG
• Queue command latency
• Queue write latency
• Queue read latency
GAVG
• Read latency
• Write latency
• Command latency
DAVG
• Physical device command latency
• Physical device read latency
• Physical device write latency
26
Viewing Queues and Activity in The Storage Stack
(Queues in the storage array not
illustrated)
Guest OS Queues Perf Mon in Guest
VM VCtr - VM
VCtr - Host
Host
Adapter Queues (HBAs)
Device/LUN
Virtual Machines
ESXtop
VMKernel Queues
• Device Queues (LUNs)
• Adapter Queues (HBAs)
• World Queues (VMs)
27
vSphere Performance Management Tools - vCenter
vCenter Alarms & Charts
• Alarms on static thresholds
• Alarm trigger may not always indicate an actual performance problem
• Can Show Historical trends
• Rough Granularity (Min 20 Sec)
28
vSphere Performance Management Tools – vCenter Ops Mgr
Aggregates metrics into workload, capacity and health scores
Relies on dynamic thresholds
29
Understanding Desktop IO Requirements
Rules of thumb:
• Light – 5 IOPs – Not a lot of time at desktop
• Medium – 10 IOPs – Most of day at desktop – typical office worker
• Heavy – 20 IOPs – Developer, Power User
• You will find other rules of thumb guide numbers – that’s why they can be
dangerous
Keep in mind these are average numbers
• Read / Write Mix
• Bursts – Boots, Provisioning. Logins, Lunar Cycles, Antivirus
• Average Numbers = Likely failure
ASSESS YOUR WORKLOAD!
• Liquidware Stratusphere Fit
• Lakeside Systrack
30
Modern approaches to Architecture
31 Confidential
New Storage Solutions are Accelerating VDI Adoption
Wide Range of Cost-Effective Differentiated
Solutions to Get Customers Started Across
Segments
Easily scale from 1 desktop to 1000’s
Optimized storage plays (Tintri, Nimble, Fusion io.
Tegile. Pure, Virident, Atlantis, Nexenta, EMC)
Simplified VDI Management with Linear
Scalability
Fully integrated with vCenter
Provision and deploy desktops in minutes
Start small and grow on demand
32
Four approaches to storage for VDI
1
2
3
Use the right shared storage for
Horizon View
Deploy Horizon View on a converged
appliance
Use a Virtual Storage Appliance
4 Consider DASD
33
Approach 1 - The Right Shared Storage for Horizon View
Fundamental Drivers:
• Periods of high activity cause a huge burst of IO to the storage that traditional
storage systems were not designed to accommodate
• Only all-flash arrays can provide the burst IOPS needed to guarantee an
excellent user experience without complicated storage sizing and investments
exceeding $300/user
• Not all all-flash arrays provide inline de-duplication; this is important for
achieving user densities that drive down cost per user to palatable levels
Representative Partners
• EMC XtremeIO X-Brick
• Tintri VMstore
• Nimble Storage
• Tegile
• Whiptail
• Pure Storage
• Solidfire
• NetApp
• Dell
• HP
• Hitachi
1
34
Approach 2 – Converged Appliances
Fundamental Drivers:
• Converged systems (combined server and storage appliances) offer a tightly
integrated combination of high speed storage, Intel servers, and a virtual SAN
filesystem
• This results in a system that deploys easily, scales linearly to supported
maximums, and is very easy to manage
• “One throat to choke” support model!
Representative Partners
• Nutanix
• Pivot3
• V3
• VCE
2
35
Approach 3 - Use a Virtual Storage Appliance
Fundamental Drivers:
• Virtual Storage Appliances (VSA) speed up any kind of storage, although the
impact is greatest on traditional shared storage
• The price to performance ratio is very low compared to other kinds of storage
options
• Without a VSA, View deployments on traditional shared storage is likely to stall
or fail
Representative Partners
• Nexenta VSA for View
• Atlantis Computing ILIO
3
36
Approach 4 - Consider DASD
Fundamental Drivers:
• You can’t beat the simplicity of direct-attached storage
• For the right use-case, DASD offers exception performance and very low cost
• You must think differently about sizing, operations planning, and resiliency
Representative Partners
• Virident
• FusionIO
• LSI Nytro Warp
• Violin
• Intel SSD
4
37
Comparing the four approaches
SAN/NAS Converged
Appliances
Virtual
Storage
Appliances
DASD
Performance Better Good Best Wow
Cost Better Good Best Wow
Simplicity Better Best Good Wow
Scalability Best Good Better Good
Resiliency Best Better Good Meh
38
Example - The Right Shared Storage for Horizon View
Purpose-built for Virtualized Environments
• One-to-one mapping between abstractions supported by the hypervisor and those supported by storage
• Make the “object” of storage VMs or vDisks and not LUNs, volumes, etc.
• Flash-based architecture for performance optimization
VM-Aware Capabilities
• Per-VM QoS
• Per-VM monitoring and reporting
• Per-VM management operations
• Auto-alignment (active vs. arbitrary)
• Integration with hypervisor management infrastructure
1000
Linked Clones
1000
VAAI Linked Clones
1000
Full-Clones with VAAI
Ultra-fast Pool Deployments
1
39
Example - The Right Shared Storage for Horizon View
Purpose-built for Virtualized Environments
• One-to-one mapping between abstractions supported by the hypervisor and those supported by storage
• Make the “object” of storage VMs or vDisks and not LUNs, volumes, etc.
• Flash-based architecture for performance optimization
VM-Aware Capabilities
• Per-VM QoS
• Per-VM monitoring and reporting
• Per-VM management operations
• Auto-alignment (active vs. arbitrary)
• Integration with hypervisor management infrastructure
1
237 $ desktop
40
Example - Use a Virtual Storage Appliance - Nutanix
• Converged
• Software-Defined
• Server-attached Flash
• Linear Scale-out
• Inline Dedupe
2
400 $ desktop
41
Example - Use a Virtual Storage Appliance - Nexenta 3 I/O to VSA
• Read Rate 199,881 (149,911) KBps
• Write Rate 21,417 (16,063) KBps
I/O to LUN
• Read Rate 1,255 (919) Kbps
• Write Rate 7,645 (5,734) Kbps
38x SAN Read I/O Offload
Vs. Bare Metal
2.5x SAN Write I/O Offload
Vs. Bare Metal
42
Example - Use a Virtual Storage Appliance - Nexenta 3
35 $ desktop +
43
Example - Consider DASD – LSI Nytro WarpDrive
• 1000 Desktops
• 8 host cluster with N+1
• Amazing User Experience
• <0.5ms vDisk latency
• Ultra-fast Pool Ops
• Simple sizing
• Simple Scalability
4
199 $ desktop
44
At the end of the day
45
Low Cost = smart CAPEX
smart OPEX
46
Simplicity = easy scalability easy deployment simple integration
47
Performance = delighted users
48 48
Other VMware Activities Related to This Session
HOL:
HOL-MBL-130
Horizon Mirage - Manage Physical Desktops
HOL-MBL-1309
Horizon View from A to Z
THANK YOU
Low-Cost, High-Performance Storage
for Horizon Desktops
Courtney Burry, VMware
Donal Geary, VMware
Tristan Todd, VMware
EUC5708
#EUC5708