Automating Everything VMwarewith PowerCLI – Deep Dive

Alan Renouf, VMware, IncLuc Dekens, Eurocontrol

INF5211

#INF5211

• This presentation may contain product features that are currently under development.

• This overview of new technology represents no commitment from VMware to deliver these features in any generally available product.

• Features are subject to change, and must not be included in contracts, purchase orders, or sales agreements of any kind.

• Technical feasibility and market demand will affect final delivery.

• Pricing and packaging for any new technologies or features discussed or presented have not been determined.

Disclaimer

CONFIDENTIAL 2

Agenda

Welcome &

Technical Preview

1 2

Desired State Configuration

3

Best Practices

4

Q&A

Who are we?Alan RenoufProduct Line Manager, VMware

– vExpert– VMware Blog: http://blogs.vmware.com/PowerCLI/– Personal Blog: http://virtu-al.net/– Twitter: @alanrenouf

Luc DekensSystems Engineer, Eurocontrol Maastricht

– Personal Blog: http://lucd.info/– vExpert & PowerShell MVP– VMTN account: LucD– Twitter: @Lucd22

PowerCLI

Image Builder

vCloud Air

vCenter

ESX

Horizon Mirage

Horizon ViewSite

Recovery Manager

vCloud Director

vRealize Operations Manager

Update Manager

Storage

AutoDeploy

Hardware Information

PowerCLI – Technical PreviewOn

DemandVASANFSVAIO

PowerCLI Technical Preview

PS> Tech-Preview

• New module and product support for vRealize Operations• Even more storage management and automation with:

• vSphere Storage API Cmdlets• NFS User Cmdlets• Updated vSphere API for IO Filtering Cmdlets

• Connect and manage On-Demand resources in vCloud Air• Updated vCloud Air Cmdlets for networking• Host hardware information• Update Manager now included in core installer for simpler and quicker deployment• Updated Support for SRM 6.1• Licensing Snapin converted to Module

Report, Integrate, Automate vROPs• Full Low Level API Access

• High Level Cmdlets to cover some use cases

• Retrieve Alerts

• Change Alerts

• Retrieve Users

• Retrieve Stats

• Retrieve Recommendations

• Full vSphere relationship mapping

Note: Supported with vROPs 6.x

What’s New?

Another product covered by PowerCLI

New module and product support for vRealize Operations

Connection: Connect-OMServer , Disconnect-OMServer Alerts: Get-OMAlert, Get-OMAlertDefinition, Get-OMAlertSubType, Get-OMAlertType, Set-OMAlertRecommendations: Get-OMRecommendationResources: Get-OMResourceStats: Get-OMStat, Get-OMStatKey, Get-OMUser

vRealize Operations Cmdlets and Examples

Example PowerCLI code for some of the new vROPs cmdlets:

Retrieve a VM called Photon01 from vCenter and get its basic health information from vRealize Operations

C:\PS>Get-VM Photon01 | Get-OMResource

Retrieve metric data for Host01 from the last month aggregated on daily basis

C:\PS>Get-VMHost Host01 | Get-OMResource | Get-OMStat -Key "mem|waste" -From ([datetime]::Now.AddMonths(-1)) -IntervalType Days -IntervalCount 1 -RollupType Avg"

Find out what is wrong with Phton01 by listing the alerts related to the VM in a table

C:\PS>Get-VM Photon01 | Get-OMresource | Get-OMALert | FT -AutoSize

VROPSDEMO

11

vROPS example code

vSphere Storage API Cmdlets• Register new VASA Providers

• List registered VASA Providers

• List storage arrays managed by registered VASA providers

• Unregister VASA Providers

NFS User Cmdlets• Create NFS user accounts on ESXi Hosts

• List NFS user accounts on ESXi Hosts

• Change NFS user accounts on ESXi Hosts

• Remove NFS user accounts on ESXi Hosts

vSphere API for IO Filtering• Update a VAIO filter on a cluster

What’s New?

Updated Storage Cmdlets

Updated Storage Module

Storage Module

VSAN

VASA

SPBMVAIO

NFS

Updated Storage Cmdlets and Examples

Example PowerCLI code for some of the new Storage cmdlets:

Register a VASA provider by using the "MyCredential" credential and forcing the Storage Monitoring Service to accept the certificate of the provider.

C:\PS>New-VasaProvider -Name "MyProvider" -Credential "MyCredential" –Url "MyUrl" –Force

Create the "user1" NFS user account on the $vmhost virtual machine host and set the password to "password1“

C:\PS>New-NfsUser -VMHost $vmhost -Username "user1" -Password "password1"

Update the $filter VAIO filter and set the VIB URL to "NewVibUrl". The version of the new VIB should be higher than the existing filter version.

C:\PS>Set-VAIOFilter -Filter $filter -VibUrl "NewVibUrl"

New VASA Cmdlets : New-VasaProvider, Remove-VasaProvider, Get-VasaProvider and Get-VasaStorageArrayNew NFS User Cmdlets: New-NfsUser, Remove-NfsUser, Get-NfsUser and Set-NfsUserAdded VAIO filters Cmdlet: Set-VAIOFilter

Updated cmdlets to connect to On-Demand• Manage both On-Demand and Dedicated

Resources

• Updated OrgVDCNetwork Cmdlet to make working with On-Demand easier

• All vCloud Air cmdlets work

• Work with both On-Premesis and Cloud through the same shell

• No need to relearn how to automate your infrastructure

What’s New?

Single pane of glass CLI Management!

vCloud Air Cmdlets now work with On-Demand (vCA)

VIRTUALMACHINES

ON-PREMISESDATA CENTER

vCLOUD AIR

VIRTUALMACHINES

VIRTUALMACHINES

VIRTUALMACHINES

VIRTUALMACHINES

VIRTUALMACHINES

VIRTUALMACHINES

VIRTUALMACHINES

POWERCLI CMDLETS

vCloud AirDEMO

16

Hybrid report example code

17

Hybrid report example code - github.com/alanrenouf/vAudit-vCloudAir

Easily list Host hardware information• 2 new cmdlets

• Get-VMHostHardware lists host information

• Get-VMHostPCIDevice lists all PCI Devices

• Instantly see host serial numbers and hardware details

• Check host hardware similarity in a cluster

• Compare the results to the HCL

What’s New?

List hardware information easily!

Host hardware information

Host HardwareDEMO

20

Host hardware example code

Single installer to simplify installation• vSphere Update Manager module now included in

the core PowerCLI installer

• No more separate download and installer

• Support for multiple versions of VUM

• Backwards compatibility to VUM 5.5

Note: if using a VUM version previous to 5.5 you will need to install the VUM cmdlets separately

What’s New?

Now Included!

Update Manager now included in core installer

Desired State ConfigurationScripted Resources

DSC & vSphere• Go for PowerShell v5• What is needed ?• Pull or push ?• PS objects or classes ?• Where shall the vSphere resources be used ?• Implementation examples

– Resource definition– Resource assignment

• In practice: “Make it so!”• Complexity * Scale -gt What we can handle

24

DSC & vSphere

1. Configure LCM to Pull2. Develop scripted resource

1. Get2. Set3. Test

3. Package as Resource Module1. ZIP & checksum Pull2. DSC Resource to Dev WS

4. Test functioning

25

DSC & vSphere

26

DSC & vSphere

CONFIDENTIAL 27

DSC & vSphere

Best PracticesWorking with REST API

29

PowerShell and the REST API

• Why would I use a REST API ?• Can I do this from PowerShell ?

– PS v4: Invoke-RestMethod– Watch out: open connections limit set to 2

• Bypass: CloseConnectionGroup– JSON

• Convert built-in• DateTime objects are special

• Tools to help– Chrome – Advanced Rest Client– Fiddler

REST API DEMO

31

PowerShell and the REST API

Best PracticesRegular Expression

33

Question from the field: next suffix

• Names ending with a numeric suffix – calculate the next one– Start to use Select-String– …finally start learning RegEx

Best PracticesHow to use these API methods and properties

CONFIDENTIAL 35

TARGETED

More-Cmdlets

Get-DatastoreGet-VM

Get-View (Low Level)

HARDER TO USE FOR SYSADMINFAST

vSphere API

What is Get-View and .extensiondata?

.Net View of APIs (100% PUBLIC)

Cmdlets (High Level)

.ExtensionData Property

$spec = new-object VMware.Vim.VirtualMachineConfigSpec$spec.MemoryAllocation = New-Object VMware.Vim.ResourceAllocationInfo$spec.MemoryAllocation.Limit = -1$vm = get-view -ViewType VirtualMachine -Filter @{"Name"="VM001"}$vm.ReconfigVM_Task($spec)

Get-VM VM001 | Get-VMResourceConfiguration | `Set-VMResourceConfiguration -MemLimitMB $null

API

• Question keeps coming back• Another (quick) example: activate VDS health script• Method 1:

– API Reference• Yes, there is a logic in there!

– Follow the trail– Find the method

• Method 2: – Onyx Web Client– What do you get ?– How to use it ?

API : Method 1 – Books and Logic

<Ctrl>-F

API : Method 2

Automating Everything VMwarewith PowerCLI – Deep Dive

Alan Renouf, VMware, IncLuc Dekens, Eurocontrol

INF5211

#INF5211