Virus Structure Tutorial Shuchismita Dutta, Ph.D. RCSB PDB, 2008.
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Transcript of Virus Structure Tutorial Shuchismita Dutta, Ph.D. RCSB PDB, 2008.
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Virus Structure Tutorial
Shuchismita Dutta, Ph.D.
RCSB PDB, 2008
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Introduction
• Viruses can cause a variety of diseases from common cold and the flu to serious illnesses such as AIDS, dengue fever, measles, small pox and bird flu.
• All viruses infect cells and hijack the host cellular machinery for their own benefit.
• Learning about the biology and structure of viruses can help us better understand the diseases that they cause, their prevention and treatment.
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Goal
• Introduction to viruses – what they are made of, how do they survive and propagate.
• Virus structures – shape and symmetric interaction of proteins, nucleic acids.
• Hands-on activities • List of related resources and additional reading
material. • Take home message: The shape and structure
of proteins are specific for their function.
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Overview
• Information– Protein Data Bank – Viruses
• Building virus models– Paper models– Marshmallow models
• Dengue virus – Virus maturation
• Possible directions for lesson plans
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Basic Information
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What is a virus?
• Organism that causes diseases– Common cold– Flu– AIDS– Bird flu– Polio
Electron micrographs of viruses.
HIV Aeromonas virus 31 Influenza virus
Orf virusHerpes simplex virusSmallopx virus
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What do Viruses look like?
Tailed phages
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Are viruses living or non-living? (A typical virus life-cycle)
http://www.microbiologybytes.com/introduction/structure.html
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/Viral-Structure-and-Replication.topicArticleId-8524,articleId-8448.html
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Viral Infection and Immunity
Poliovirus and RhinovirusAugust 2001 Molecule of the Month
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Building Icosahedral Viruses
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What is an Icosahedron?
Icosahedron: a geometric solid with twenty faces. Each face is an equilateral triangle and every vertex of the icosahedron is formed by five triangular faces. Edges 30; Vertices 12; Faces 20
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The Marshmallow model
Students make marshmallow icosahedrons at Princeton Science & Engineering Expo
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The Paper Model
Students make marshmallow icosahedrons at Princeton Science & Engineering Expo
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The Story of Dengue Virus
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Dengue Virus
• Single-stranded RNA virus
• Causes dengue hemorrhagic fever
• Transmitted by mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti)
• Serotypes (DEN-1, 2, 3, 4)
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Dengue Virus
Nature Structural Biology 10, 907 - 912 (2003)
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Where?
World distribution of dengue viruses and their mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti, (2005)
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Life Cycle of Dengue Virus
Nature Reviews Microbiology 3, 13-22 (January 2005)
Structural changes in envelope protein, icosahedral shell:•Fusion –antiparallel homodimers to parallel homotrimers•Maturation – conformational change of immature trimers to homodimers followed by protease cleavage (by furin) to form mature antiparpllel dimers
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Maturation of Dengue Virus
Science 28 March 2008:Vol. 319. no. 5871, pp. 1834 - 1837
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Nature Reviews Microbiology 3, 13-22 (January 2005)
Molecule of the Month, July, 2008
Maturation &
Fusion
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Possible Directions for Lesson Plans
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A Lesson on Icosahedral Viruses
• Shapes of proteins (Introduction to PDB)
• What is a virus?
• Shapes of viruses
• Building 3-D models of icosahedral viruses
• Answering questions about viruses and the icosahedral virus models.
• Research on a specific disease caused by a virus (e.g. Dengue Fever)
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VirusesViruses
Protein Structure•Structure of proteins in virus shells•Use of symmetry in assembling viruses
Math & Geometry•Icosahedrons, •helices etc.
Vaccines and Antivirals•Infection, Prevention & Treatment•Rhinovirus or Flu virus or HIV etc.
Genetics & Mutation•Evolution in viruses•Why antiviral treatments need to evolve too
Biotechnological uses of Viruses•Protein expressing,
•gene therapy
Transcription/Translation•How viruses hijack host cells•Viruses and cancer
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Acknowledgements
Operated by two members of the RCSB:
Supported by:
NIGMS
The RCSB PDB is a member of the