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What is Inside the Earth?
Digging into Earth’s StructureEarth Structure Layer Notes
Direct Evidenceof Earth Structure
Geologists use ________ _________________. Scientists have drilled
holes ____ km into the Earth to bring up _______________ samples.
Indirect Evidenceof Earth Structure
Geologists use __________________ _____________ . The
________________ and _______________ they take reveal the
___________________ of Earth.
The Crust The crust is a layer of rock that forms Earth’s _____________
________. It is ___________ ___________ and consists of both dry
land and the ocean floor. The depth of this layer is between _________
and __________ km. It is thickest under ___________________ and
thinnest under _____________.
Oceanic crust is made of ________________, a dark rock with a
___________ texture. Continental crust is made of: ____________, a
light color rock with a ______________ texture.
The Mantle The mantle is a layer of ________ rock with ____ parts divided by their
physical characteristics. The _____________________ is the uppermost
part and _____ km thick. It is rigid. ______________ means “stone.”
The _____________________ is the middle layer of the mantle It is soft
like ________. ______________ means “weak” The ___________
__________ is the inner most part of the mantle. It is _________. The
depth of this layer is ___________ km.
Layers of the Mantle
Lithosphere: ___________________ part of the mantle and the crust
Asthenosphere: _______________ ____________ found below the
lithosphere that has the ability to _______________
Lower mantle: extends from the ___________________ to the
___________________ core.
Name: _________________________ Date: ______________
Outer Core
The core has _____ parts. It is made mostly of _____________ and
_____________ . The _________ core surrounds the __________ core.
It is _______________ metal. The _________ core is a
_______________ ball of _____________ metal.
The __________________ is so great that the nickel and iron cannot
spread out and become a liquid, even though the temperature is so high.
Together, the cores are about _______________ km thick. The depth of
this layer is about ____________ km below Earth’s surface (See p. 10,
Figure 5 to add up the layers). Movement in the liquid creates Earth’s
_____________________ _____________________
Inner Core
Inner and Outer Core Comparison
DifferencesInner Core Outer Core
Depth and Content of the Earth’s LayersDEPTH NAME OF LAYER CONTENTS OF
LAYERPRESSURE TEMPERATURE
15 km Crust70 km Lithosphere190 km Asthenosphere2,100 km Lower Mantle4,200 km Inner Core6,100 km Outer Core