Name: Date:Homeroom: 6th Grade World HistoryObjective: SWBAT explain how interaction with the Swahili States led to the development of Great Zimbabwe.

Do NowDirections: Read annotate the passage for details about Great Zimbabwe’s geography (G) and economy (E). Document A: Great Zimbabwe City-State, from Patterns of Interaction 2005Southern Africa and Great ZimbabweThe gold and ivory that helped the coastal city-states grow rich came from the interior of southern Africa. In southeastern Africa the Shona people established a city called Great Zimbabwe (zihm•BAHB•way), which grew into an empire built on the gold trade.

Great ZimbabweBy 1000 CE, the Shona people had settled the fertile, well -watered plateau between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers in modern Zimbabwe. The area was well suited to farming and cattle-raising. Its location also had economic advantages. The city of Great Zimbabwe stood near an important trade route linking the goldfields with the coastal trading city of Sofala. Sometime after 1000 CE, Great Zimbabwe gained control of these trade routes. From the 1200s through the 1400s, it became the capital of a thriving state. Its leaders taxed the traders who traveled these routes. They also demanded payments from less powerful chiefs. Because of this growing wealth, Great Zimbabwe became the economic, political, and religious center of its empire.

But by 1450 CE, Great Zimbabwe was abandoned. No one knows for sure why it happened. According to one theory, cattle grazing had worn out the grasslands. In addition, farming had worn out the soil, and people had used up the salt and timber. The area could no longer support a large population.

Almost everything that is known about Great Zimbabwe comes from its impressive ruins. Portuguese explorers knew about the site in the 1500s. Karl Mauch, a German explorer, was one of the first Europeans to discover the remains of these stone dwellings in 1871.

1. How did geography impact the development of Great Zimbabwe?

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2. What practice did the leaders of Great Zimbabwe share with the leaders of

Ghana and the Swahili States?

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3. List two possible explanations for the abandonment of Great Zimbabwe:

a. ________________________________________

b. ________________________________________

Etiquette for Watching a Movie in History Class

1. Make sure your legs are in front of you, and your feet are flat on the floor (NOT on the chair or desk in front of you or beside you!)

2. Preview the questions so you know what to listen for 3. Make sure to face forward the whole time so you don’t miss a minute of the action!4. Use the pauses in the movie to take notes or answer the questions in your Do Now

Packet.5. Respect other’s movie time by staying silent

1. What does the word “Zimbabwe” mean in Shona?

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2. Which of the following was not a trade item controlled by Great Zimbabwe?

a. Goldb. Copper

c. Ivoryd. Leopard

3. How were archeologists able to determine who the people of Great Zimbabwe

traded with?

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4. What are some reasons archeologists believed the city was abandoned?

1) ________________________________________________________________________________________

2) ________________________________________________________________________________________

3) ________________________________________________________________________________________

Today’s BIG QUESTION:

What are two major economic activities that led to the development of Great Zimbabwe?POV DOCUMENT A:

Source: Great Zimbabwe Valley and Hill Complex constructed circa 1000 – 1400 CENote and plan: by Lynda D’Amico, Photos 2017

H.C.

A series of residential and ceremonial enclosures, the Hill Complex, built

circa. 1250 CE sits atop a granite dome that overlooks the rest of the site. Construction of the interior of the Great Enclosure began sometime in the early fourteenth century; its outer wall was built nearly 100 years later. The smaller Valley Complex, dated to the early fifteenth century, was the last to be built. (Lynda D'Amico)

There were other signs of their wealth. There were relatively few huts within the buildings so that the rulers had far more living space than the ordinary people, and an astonishing variety of imported goods... including the finest silks and embroidered materials.Beach 1980: 43

VocabularyEnclosure: an area that is surrounded by a wall or fence or similar structureResidential: designed for people to live in

Audience

Significance Statement: Purpose

POV DOCUMENT B:Source: The Conical Tower inside the Great Enclosure at Great Zimbabwe, constructed circa 1000 – 1400 CENote: Encyclopedia Britannica 2010

H.C.

The Great Enclosure is the largest single ancient structure in sub-Saharan Africa. In fact, Great Zimbabwe was built by a succession of Bantu-speaking peoples who settled in the region between 900 and 1500. These newcomers brought iron, mining methods, and improved farming skills. Early settlers raised cattle and build stone enclosures to protect their livestock. In time, these settlers improved their building methods and erected large walls and palaces.

Cattle were more than food – they also served as a form of wealth and a sign of status. The bones from the best cuts of meat have only been found within the larger, stone enclosures. It appears that the ordinary folk did not eat the best cattle but rather turned them over to the elites – the powerful and privileged classes.Hall and Stefoff 2006: 27–28

VocabularyConical: having the shape of a cone

Audience

Significance Statement: Purpose

POV DOCUMENT C:Source: Porcelain fragment of a vessel, from the Chinese Ming Dynasty 1300 – 1500 CE excavated by archeologists at the ruins in Great Zimbabwe

H.C.

Chinese pottery shards, coins from Arabia, glass beads and other non-local items have been excavated at Zimbabwe. Objects from distant lands made their way to Great Zimbabwe: Syrian glass, Chinese celadon dishes (mostly from the Ming Dynasty, 1368 to 1644), Persian faience bowls, coral, bronze bells and an iron spoon.

VocabularyMing Dynasty: Chinese dynasty from about 1368 – 1644 CE

Audience

Significance Statement: Purpose

POV DOCUMENT D:Source: Vicente Pegado, Captain of the Portuguese Garrison of Sofala, 1531CE

H.C.

Describing Zimbabwe:

“Among the gold mines of the plains between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers there is a fortress built of stone of marvelous size, and there appears to be no mortar joining them… This edifice is almost surrounded by hills, upon which are others resembling it in the fashioning of stone and the absence of mortar, and one of them is a tower more than 12 fathoms high. The natives of the country call these edifices Symbaoe, which according to their language signifies court.”

VocabularyFortress: a heavily protected buildingMortar: a cement type mixture used to bond bricks or stoneEdifice: a very large buildingFathoms: a unit of length that equals 6 feet

Audience

Significance Statement: Purpose

Today’s BIG QUESTION:

What are two major economic activities that led to the development of Great Zimbabwe?

Guided Discourse Norms:1. Track the speaker2. Use Habits of Discussion3. Support your comments using evidence from the documents4. Capture discussion notes in the space provided

Name: Date:Homeroom: 6th Grade World HistoryObjective: SWBAT explain how interaction with the Swahili States led to the development of Great Zimbabwe.

Exit TicketToday’s BIG QUESTION:

What are two major economic activities that led to the development of Great Zimbabwe?Thesis StatementRTQ & A + 2 Reasons Why Restate the Prompt and Answer the Question + Give Two Reasons Why Thesis:

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Score 0% 50% 60% 70% 80% 100%Details needed

The assignment is not turned in at all.

Work is handed in, with little effort shown and does not meet standards

Does not meet standards.

Does not RSTQ & A

Only one reason is stated

or

Reason provided is completely wrong

Meets minimum Standards.

Struggles with RSTQ & A + Giving Two Reasons Why

Only one reason is stated

Mostly meets standards.

Answer is mostly accurate

RSTQ & A

Reasons are not particularly strong

or

Completely clear

Mastered standards.Answer is fully accurate.

Clearly RSTQ & A+ Gives Two Reasons Why

Accurately answer the question and are strong arguments

NOTES Unit 5 Lesson 8 Zimbabwe’s Economy

In the grassland regions south of the Zambezi River, a mixed economy of farming, cattle

herding, and trade had developed over a period of many centuries.

Villages were usually built inside walls to protect the domestic animals from wild animals

at night.

Beginning in the eleventh century, some of these villages in southern Africa gradually

united.

From about 1300 to about 1450, Zimbabwe was the wealthiest and most powerful state in

the region.

It prospered from the gold trade with the Swahili trading communities on the eastern

coast of Africa.

Indeed, Zimbabwe’s gold ended up in the court of Kublai Khan, emperor of China.

The ruins of Zimbabwe’s capital, known as Great Zimbabwe, illustrate the kingdom’s

power and influence.

The town sits on a hill overlooking the Zambezi River and is surrounded by stone walls.

Ten thousand residents would have been able to live in the area enclosed by the walls.

Artifacts found at the site include household implements, ornaments made of gold and

copper, and porcelain imported from China, Arabia, and India.

Written Drill

1. This is the name of China’s first

dynasty.

2. This is the people at the bottom of the Indian caste system.

3. TRUE or FALSEThe Huang He River is yellow because it

contains a lot of gold.

4. What is the mountain range located between India and China?

5. TRUE or FALSEAncient China was

ruled by kingdoms.

6. Who did Chinese kings put in charge

of small plots of land during feudalism.

7. According to the Mandate of ________, a dynasty would rule

until it lost favor with the gods.

8. This is the man who began Buddhism.

9. This is one part of China’s land that hindered early

10. TRUE or FALSE

China’s geography

11. Name 1 way rivers can hinder an

area.

12. This was the first monotheistic

religion.

civilizations trying to settle in the area.

is similar all over the country.

13. This is what Hindus call your job

or role in life.

14. This is the place the Jews call

their “Promised land.”

15. Right Action, Right Mindset, and Right Intention are

all parts of the _____________________

.

16. Buddhism and Hinduism both began in this

country.

Name:HOMEWORK

Date:Homeroom: 6th Grade World HistoryObjective: SWBAT describe the economic system of the Swahili city-states (Great Zimbabwe)

Document A: Kushites bring gifts to Egypt’s governor as tribute. 1600-1100 BCE

1. What type of source is Document A?a. Primary because it was painted in CEb. Secondary because it was painted in CE.c. Primary because it was painted in BCE.d. Secondary because it was painted in BCE.

2. Name some of the items/products that the Kushites brought to the Egyptian governor based on what you see.

3. Since Egypt and Kush were in such proximity to one another, make a hypothesis as to why Kushites had to bring these items as gifts?

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