Vicente B. Tuddao, Jr. Ph.D.Engr. Erlinda Gonzales

Department of Environment and Natural ResourcesPHILIPPINES

Land Area ..300,000 sq. km Population.. 89 million421 Principal River Basins20 Major River Basins79 lakes1,800 Km coastlines

The Manila Bay‐Pasig River‐Laguna Lake  Water Resources Environment 

Manila Bay

Laguna Lake

Pasig River Manila

Bay

Major Concerns and Issues affecting Water Environment in the Philippines

• Flooding of low lying areas‐ Flooding of Laguna Region and Metro Manila particularly due to increased frequency of high magnitude monsoon rains;

• Siltation and Sedimentation of water bodies• Low DO, high BOD, high TSS, Heavy metals in some water bodies near high economic activities/urban setting, High nutrients/organics 

Major Concerns and Issues affecting Water Environment in the Philippines

• Pollution and over‐extraction  of groundwater aquifers

• Drying up of rivers• Declining productivity of aquatic and marine water resources

• Declining biodiversity

Percentage Distribution of Pollution  Sources Affecting  Surface Water Bodies  

Classification Beneficial Use

For Fresh Surface Waters ( rivers, lakes , reservoirs, etc.) Class AA : Public Water Supply • Waters that require disinfection to meet the National Standards for

Drinking Water (NSDW) Class A : Public Water Supply • Waters that require complete treatment to meet the NSDW

Class B : Recreational Water • Waters for primary contact recreation ( e.g. bathing , swimming, skin diving, etc.)

Class C • Water for fishery production • Recreational Water Class II ( boating etc.) • Industrial Water Supply Class I

Class D • For agriculture, irrigation, livestock watering • Industrial Water Supply Class II

For Coastal and Marine Waters (as amended by DAO 97-23) Class SA • Water suitable for fishery production • National marine parks and marine

reserves • Coral reefs parks and reserves

Class SB • Tourist zones and marine reserves • Recreational Water Class I • Fishery Class I for milkfish

Class SC • Recreational Water Class II ( e.g. boating) • Fishery Water Class II ( commercial) • Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries

Class SD • Industrial Water Supply Class II • Other coastal and marine waters

Classification of Water bodies According to Best Usage

The Philippine Water Quality Related Laws(Institutional Strengthening and Governance)

• Republic Act No. 9275, Clean Water Act (2004). ‐This law provides for the a program and regulations for the abatement and management of water pollution from point and non‐point sources.‐It introduces market‐based instruments (MBIs) such as the wastewater charge system that imposes fees based on the volume of effluents discharged. ‐ It strengthens enforcement by providing stiffer penalties for violations of standards. This law modified the permitting system in order to accommodate the fee system based on amount of pollution discharged.

Water Quality Status and  Classification of Laguna Lake

Coliform Parameter

(a)

Class SB Criteria(MPN/100

mL)

(c)

Baseline Data(c)

Total Concentrati

on for Reduction(Geomean)

[(b.3)– (a)]

(b.1)2003

(b.2)2006

(b.3)2009

•Fecal Coliform

200 687 (Noveleta, Cavite 2) –

50,075 (Navotas Fishport)

289(Mattel, Bataan)-

41,746 (Luneta Park)

170 (Villa

Carmen, Bataan)

–32,902(Luneta Park)

32,702MPN/100mL(maximum

case)

•Total Coliform 1000

1,454 (Noveleta, Cavite 2) –87,775(Navotas Fishport)

795 (Mattel, Bataan)-62,586 (Luneta Park)

454 (Mattel, Bataan)-139,611 (Tanza, Cavite1)

138,611MPN/100mL(maximum

case)

Bacteriological Assessment of Manila Bay

*based on 14 monitoring stations

1st Quarter Dissolved Oxygen

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0M

anila

Bay

Jone

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Hava

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Lam

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Sevi

lla

Mar

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a

Gua

dalu

peBr

idge

Gua

dalu

peVi

ejo

Gua

dalu

peNu

evo

Buay

ang

Bato

Bam

bang

Varg

as

Napi

ndan

C6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

mg/

L

10-Jan10-Feb10-Mar

DO Std.

Passed

Failed

Pasig River Average concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (1st Quarter, 2010).

Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004

Progress in the Implementation of Water Quality Governance in the Philippines

Status of Implementation (as of February 15, 2011)

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Preparation of National Water Quality Status Report

Done National Water Quality Status Report was prepared and published 3 regional water quality status report prepared and published (Regions 3, 6, 12)

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

Preparation of a 10-year WQMA Action Plan

WQMA Action Planning for MMO River System; Iloilo-Batiano River System; and Sarangani Bay prepared

DENR

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Designation of Water Quality Management Areas (WQMAs)

Officially designated WQMAs:

1.Areas within the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) jurisdiction

1.Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando River in Region 3 (DAO 2008-07)

2.Tigum-Aganan Watershed WQMA in Region 6 (DAO 2008-18)

1.Iloilo-Batiano River System WQMA in Region 6 (DAO 2009-11)

2.Sarangani Bay WQMA in Region 12(DAO 2010-12)

1.Silway River WQMA in Region 12 (DAO 2010-10)

DENR in coordination with National Water Resources Board (NWRB)

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Constitution of the Governing Board

LLDA Board Resolution No. 374, series of 2008 declared the formal establishment of the Laguna de Bay Region WQMA Governing Board

In the DAO designating the WQMA, the creation of the Governing Board is already included. Thus, there is already a Governing Board for the Tigum-Aganan Watershed WQMA, MMO River System WQMA, Iloilo-Batiano River System WQMA, Sarangani Bay WQMA, and Silway River WQMA

DENR

Enforcement, review & revision of water quality guidelines

Proposed revised Water Quality Guidelines has been finalized

DENR

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Review and setting of effluent standards

Proposed General Effluent Standards has been finalized

DENR

Establishment of internationally-accepted procedures for sampling and analysis of pollutants

Done Water Quality Monitoring Manual which contains the procedures for sampling has been prepared.

Review/revision of the Methods of Analysis of pollutants is incorporated in the proposed Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards

DENR

Formulation of testing procedures and establishment of accreditation system for laboratories

DoneReview/revision of the Testing Procedures is incorporated in the proposed DAO on Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards.

Guidelines/procedures of accreditation is on-going

DENR

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Categorization of point & non-point sources of water pollution

List included in the Final Draft DAO on Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards

DENR

Classification or reclassification of all water bodies

Classification of water bodies is on-goingAs of 2009, a total of 650 water bodies (small and principal rivers) has been classified with 5 water bodies classified as Class AA and 205 water bodies classified as class A.

DENR

Establishment of wastewater charge formula

Discharge Permits

The wastewater charge formula was established in 2005 (DAO 2005-10) and adoption of the formula is on-going.

On going (Permit to Discharge required by DENR )

DENR

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Formulation of guidelines for the re-use of wastewater for irrigation and other agricultural uses and for the prevention, control and abatement of pollution from agriculture and aquaculture activities

DA DAO 2007-26 (Guidelines on the Procedures and Technical Standards for the Issuance of a Certification Allowing for the Safe Re-use of Wastewater for the Purposes of Irrigaton and Other Agricultural Uses) was issued in 2007

Department of Agriculture (DA) in coordination with DENR

National Water Quality Management Fund

Draft guidelines for the operationalization of the fund prepared

DENR

Area Water Quality Management Fund

Draft guidelines prepared DENR

Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency

Preparation of National Sewerage and SeptageManagement Program

The NSSMP was prepared by DPWH as the lead agency.

Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) in coordination with DENR, Local government Units (LGU)and other concerned agencies

Provisions of Law

Status Responsible Agency

Formulation of guidelines and standards for the collection, treatment and disposal of sewage

Done Guidelines can be found in Chapter 17 of the Supplemental IRR of the Sanitation Code (2004)

Department of Health (DOH) in coordination with other government agencies

Formulation of guidelines for the establishment and operation of centralized sewage treatment system

DoneGuidelines can be found in Chapter 17 of the Supplemental IRR of the Sanitation Code (2004)

DOH in coordination with other government agencies

Preparation of program for evaluation, verification, development and dissemination of pollution prevention and cleaner production technologies

Joint (DENR and DOST) Administrative Order 2006-01 (Environmental Technology Verification) was issued in 2006

DOST

Preparation and implementation of comprehensive and continuing public education and information program

Information and Education Campaign (IEC) Program by agencies are on-going

Department of Education (DepED), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), Diepartment of Interior and Local Government (DILG), Philippine Information Agency (PIA) in coordination with

Acknowledgment • Environmental Management Bureau• National Water Resources Board• Department of Agriculture• Greenpeace International• Manila Bay Coordinating Office• Laguna Lake Development Authority• Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission, and • The River Basin Control Office