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PRONOUNS

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Definition What is a pronoun?

Kind of pronouns Personal ( Subject & Object pronouns)

Demonstrative

Indefinite Relative

Reflexive

Intensive

Interrogative

Reciprocal

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WHAT IS A PRONOUN?

Generally (but not always) pronouns stand for (pro +noun) or refer to a noun, an individual or individuals orthing or things (the pronoun's antecedent)

Ex : They say that eating beef is bad for you.

Theyis a pronoun referring to someone, but who arethey? Cows? whom do theyrepresent?

Not all pronouns will refer to an antecedent, however.

Ex : Everyone here earns over a thousand dollars a day.The word "everyone" has no antecedent.

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HOW MANY KINDS OF PRONOUNS?

stand for persons , which change form accordingto their various uses within a sentence.

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Definition

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pronounsPractice1- PERSONAL PRONOUNS

I , YOU, SHE , HE,

IT , WE, THEY

Personal pronouns

For Subject For Object

ME , YOU, HER,

HIM, IT , US, THEM

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pronounsPractice2- POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

MY , YOUR, HER ,HIS, ITS , OUR,

THEIR

Possessive pronouns

possessive Nominative Pronouns

MINE , YOURS, HERS,HIS, ITS , OURS, THEIRS

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3- DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

THAT , THIS, SUCH

Demonstrative pronouns

Singular Plural

THESE, THOSE,

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3- DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

Ex : Determiners That / This / Such

That spaceship is made of titanium.

This building is rebuilt after a severe fire.

Such pants is not mine.

** do not confuse demonstrative pronoun with determiners

Ex : Demonstrative pronouns

Thatis incredible! (referring to something you just saw)

I will never forget this. (referring to a recent experience)

Such is my belief. (referring to an explanation just made)

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS

WHO

Relate groups of words to nouns or other pronouns

WHICH WHAT WHERE THAT WHOM

** INDEFINITE relative pronouns

WHOEVER WHICHEVER WHATEVER

WHOMEVER WHEREVER

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

WHICH

Generally, we use "which" to introduce clauses that

are BOTH RESTRICTIVE AND NON-

RESTRICTIVE CLAUSE (i.e., that can be removed

from the sentence without changing the essential

meaning of the sentence). For that reason, a "whichclause" is often set off with a comma or a pair of

commas.

EX : The garage, which my uncle built, is falling down.

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

THAT

"That clauses," on the other hand, are usually

deemed indispensable for the meaning of a sentence

and are not set off with commas.

THAT refer to a RESTRICTIVE CLAUSE.

THAT usually refers to things, but it can also refer topeople in a general kind of way.

EX :

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

WHO

usually refers to PERSON who own the main verb.

EX : The student who studies hardest usually does the best.

The person who hit my car should have to pay to fix thedamages.

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

WHOM

usually refers to PERSON who .

EX : Whom shall we ask to the party? (Shall we askhim to

the party?)

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4- RELATIVE PRONOUNS (REMARKS)

MORE EXAMPLES

The coach will select whomever he pleases.

He seemed to say whatever came to mind.

Whoever crosses this line first will win the race.

Give the box to whomever you please. (Give the box to him.)

Give the box to whoever seems to want it most. (He seems to

want it most. [And then the clause "whoever seems to want it

most" is the object of the preposition "to."])

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5- INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

everybody / anybody/somebody/ all/ each/ every/ some/

none/ one

The indefinite pronouns do not substitute for specific

nouns but function themselves as nouns (

EX : Everyone is wondering ifany is left.)

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7- INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

who/which/what

The interrogative pronouns introduce questions.

EX : We know who is guilty of this crime.

I already told the detective whatI know

about it.

Like the relative pronouns, the interrogative pronounsintroduce noun clauses, and it plays a subject role in the clauses

they introduce:

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/pronouns1.htmhttp://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/clauses.htmhttp://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/clauses.htmhttp://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/pronouns1.htm

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8- RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS

each otherand one another

The reciprocal pronouns are convenient forms for combining

ideas.

EX : My mother and I give each other a

hard time.

The scientists in this lab often use one

another's equipment.

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9- PRONOUNS : ONE & ONES

The pronouns ONE & ONES can stand for a COUNTABLE

noun when it is used repeatedly.

Uncountable now can not be used with ONE.

EX : We need the new curtains.Ok, lets buy the green ones.

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On the following three slides you will find the instructions

for three exercises related to your subject.

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Noun

Adjective

SyllableComparatives

Superlatives

Comparison

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Adjective

SyllableComparatives

Superlatives

Comparison

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Noun

Adjective

SyllableComparatives

Superlatives

Comparison

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