VanLuong.blogspot.com A5034

7/31/2019 VanLuong.blogspot.com A5034

1/74

: http://www.docs.vn : [email protected] (: 0918.775.368

Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HN

MC LC

MC LC .............................................................................................. 1

LI M U ......................................................................................... 4CHNG I : GII THIU CHUNG V TRNG HC .................6

I. GII THIU V TRNG HC .........................................................6

II. M T BI TON ................................................................................6

III. MC CH V NGHA CA H THNG QUN L ..............8

1. Mc ch ................................................................................................ 8

2. ngha ................................................................................................... 8CHNG II : PHN TCH H THNG ............................................ 9

I. KHI NIM ...........................................................................................9

1. Mc ch .............................................................................................. 9

2. Yu cu i vi chng trnh ............................................................. 10

2.1. i vi h thng .......................................................................10

2.2. i vi ngi s dng ................................................................ 10II. Phn tch h thng v chc nng ...................................................10

1. Biu phn cp chc nng ............................................................... 10

2. Biu lung d liu .......................................................................... 17

III. Phn tch h thng v d liu .............................................................18

1. Biu lung d liu mc khung cnh .............................................. 18

2. Biu lung d liu mc nh .......................................................... 203. Biu lung d liu mc di nh ................................................. 21

4. M hnh thc th lin kt: ................................................................... 24

CHNG III: LA CHN CNG C PHT TRIN ...................25

I. H QUN TR C S D LIU ACCESS: ....................................25

1.Bng (Table) ........................................................................................ 25

2. Truy vn (Query) ................................................................................. 26

3. Mu biu .............................................................................................. 26


2/74



4. Bo biu (Report) ................................................................................ 27

5. Lnh v m (Macro) ............................................................................ 28

6. n th chng trnh (Module) .......................................................... 29

CHNG IV: ....................................................................................... 29

THIT K H THIT K QUN L TRNG HC ................... 29

I. THIT K C S D LIU ...............................................................29

1. Bng (Table) ........................................................................................ 29

1.1. Cc bng trong bi tp ............................................................... 29

1.2. Chi tit cc bng ....................................................................... 29

1.2.1 Bng hc sinh: .............................................................................29

1.2.2 Bng im: ..................................................................................... 32

1.3 Bng gio vin: ........................................................................... 34

1.3.1 Bng mn hc: ...............................................................................34

1.3.2 Bng lp: .....................................................................................35

2. Lin kt cc bng (Relationships) ....................................................... 36

II. THIT K GIAO DIN CHO CHNG TRNH .........................42

1.Thit k cc form cho chng trnh ..................................................... 42

1.1: Cp nht thng tin ................................................................... 44

1.1.1: Cp nht thng tin hc sinh ..........................................................44

1.1.2: Cp nht thng tin gio vin .........................................................47

1.1.3: Cp nht im ...............................................................................47

1.2: Tra cu v tm kim thng tin ..................................................... 481.2.1: Tm kim theo tn gio vin .........................................................49

1.2.2: Tm kim theo tn mn .................................................................51

1.2.3: Tm kim theo tn hc sinh ..........................................................53

1.2.4: Tra cu im k 1 ........................................................................54

1.2.5: Tra cu im k 2 ........................................................................56

1.2.6: Tra cu im tng kt ..................................................................57

1.3: Bo co thng tin ........................................................................61


3/74



1.3.1: Bo co danh sch hc sinh ..........................................................61

1.3.2: Bo co im k 1 ........................................................................62

1.3.3: Bo co im k 2 ........................................................................63

1.3.4: Bo co im tng kt ..................................................................64

2.Cc bo biu ......................................................................................... 64

3. Thit k cc Macro chng trnh ........................................................ 68

CHNG V: KT LUN .................................................................... 73

TI LIU THAM KHO .................................................................... 74


4/74



LI M U

Cng ngh thng tin ngy nay c vai tr quan trng trong cuc snghng ngy ca chng ta. Vic ng dng cng ngh thng tin vo cc lnh vci sng gip cng vic c tin hnh mt cch nhanh chng v hiu qu.

Trong qu trnh hot ng ca mt Ph thng vic qun l hc sinh,phn cng thi kho biu, hay ly thng tin ca 1 hc sinh l cng vic htsc kh khn i vi cc thy c qun l.

i vi mt n v trng phi lu gi rt nhiu h s hc sinh, ca

tng kho hc l rt nhiu nhng giy t, b phn vn th phi cp nht vtin hnh lu tr h s bng tay vo nhng quyn s ln, dy, cng knh, thigian lu tr lu nm s theo di s b rch, phai mu ch gy tr ngi rt lntrong vic tm kim.

Nhm khc phc nhng bt cp khi thao tc th cng nh vy, chngem u t nghin cu v Xy dng chng trnh qun l im hc sinhthng qua phn mm Microsoft Access mt ngn ng phn mm thng dnghin nay. Ngn ng Access l mt ngn ng thng dng, bt k h thng my

tnh no t sau nm 1995 tr li y u c phn mm Microsoft office vtrong c Access. Trong khi thit k cc bng biu (Table), truyvn(Query), bo co(Report), v v....ngi thit k c th tham kho qua s trgip ca Winzard... iu ny gip cho vic thit k cng nh s dng chngtrnh thun tin hn, rt khoa hc, r rng v d s dng, h tr rt ln cho b

phn lu tr h s, qun l o to, qun l bng im v thng tin c nhnca HS. Vi vic s dng chng trnh ny, qu trng s khng cn phivo s bng tay va chm chp va khng khoa hc v kh khn trong vic

tm kim h s lu tr.

Sau khi kho st hin trng vic qun l sinh im vin, em xydng chng trnh ny; trc ht l khng nh qu trnh hc tp ca mnhti trng, sau nu c th gip mt phn no trong vic qun l hcsinh trong cc trng.


5/74



Chng trnh c lp trnh gm cc ni dung: Nhp d liu (Nhp lphc qun l, nhp thng tin hc sinh, nhp mn hc); In bng im; In bngim c nhn.

Khi s dng, qu trng s d dng cp nht thng tin hng k theo tht thi gian, nhm gip b phn vn th, lu tr qun l h s v thc hintm kim d dng, nhanh chng.

Sau mt thi gian hc tp, em hon thnh cc mn hc . Em c

nhn ti Qun l im hc sinh PTTHlm n tt nghip. hon

thnh n ny, ngoi s n lc c gng hc tp tm hiu, em nhn c

s nh hng cng nh tn tnh gip v hng dn ca thy Tun

Anh. Em xin by t lng bit n su sc vi nhng ch bo ca thy. ng

thi em xin cm n tt c cc thy c gio trong trng, nhng ngi trc

tip truyn t kin thc v gip em rt nhiu trong sut qu trnh hc tp

ti trng.

Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n ti tt c cc bn trong lp

gip v ng vin em trong qu trnh thc hin n.Trong qu trnh xydng ti, do cha c kinh nghim lm vic thc t nn ti ca em khng

th trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em rt mong nhn c s ng vin v gip

ca cc thy c gia ti ca em hon thin hn.

Em xin chn thnh cm n!


6/74



CHNG I : GII THIU CHUNG V TRNG HC

I. GII THIU V TRNG HC

- Tn trng: Trng trung hc ph thng Nguyn Tri

- Trng THPT Nguyn Tri c thnh lp t nm 1971

- a ch trng: S 92 Th trn Thm V Th Thi Bnh

- in thoi: 0363.825.620

- Fax: 84.36.825.620

II. M T BI TON

Trng THPT Nguyn Tri l mt trong nhng trng im ca Thi

Bnh, trng t danh hiu l: Trng chun quc gia. Trng c t l t

hc sinh gii kh cao, t l trt tt nghip rt thp, v cc k thi i hc -

Cao ng u trng tuyn vi im s cao.Trng gm 3 khi lp: khi 10, khi 11, khi 12, mi khi th c 10

lp, khi 10: t lp 10C1 n lp 10C10, khi 11: t lp 11B1 n lp

11B10, khi 12: t lp 12A1 n lp 12A10, mi lp th c khong 45 hc

sinh.

Trng c trang b nhng thit b hin i, c phng th nghim: vt

l, ho hc, sinh hc, c phng my vi tnh, c cc sn chi th thao: sn

bng, sn cu lng, bng bn, bng r cho hc sinh hc tp v vui chi gii

tr, trng c th vin c rt nhiu sch gio vin, hc sinh n hc v

tham kho, trng c c phng y t.

Hng nm trng tuyn sinh rt nhiu cc hc sinh. Nh trng tin

hnh phn hc sinh v tng lp c th, mi lp ca trng th c mt danh

sch hc sinh theo tng lp, v c phn cng mt gio vin ch nhm lp.


7/74



Vi 12 mn hc chnh quy do b gio dc ban hnh, vo u nm hc

theo phn cng cng tc ca nh trng mi gio vin ca mi t c phn

cng ging dy ca tng b mn ca tng lp v c lu vo lch cng tc.

Mt lp hc th c nhiu gio vin dy, mt gio vin th c th dy nhiu lp

khc nhau t khi 10 n khi 12.

Trong qu trnh hc tp, gio vin tng b mn s cho im ming, 15

pht, 45 pht i vi mi hc sinh vo s im b mn ca mnh, nhng hc

sinh hng hi xy dng bi c gio vin cho im, c th c cng vo

bi kim tra, n cui k khi tng kt s tnh im trung bnh cho tng mn

hc v bo li cho gio vin ch nhim ca tng lp. C n gia k v cui

k nh trng t chc thi nh gi cht lng dy v hc ca gio vin v

hc sinh. Hc sinh ca c trng trong cng mt khi thi chung, chia lm

nhiu phng, c nh theo SBD ca mi hc sinh. Cng vi im thi hc

k gio vin ch nhm tin hnh chia im xt hc sinh gii, kh, trung

bnh ca lp mnh.

Cui cng gio vin ch nhm s tin hnh giao cho cn b vn phng

ca nh trng vo s chnh c lu tr trong h thng qun l hc sinh

ca nh trng. Mi hc sinh trong trng c mt quyn s lin lc, cho

ph huynh v nh trng trao i v tnh hnh hc tp ca tng hc sinh,

d qun l con em mnh hn. Cui nm nh trng tin hnh thng k s hc

sinh kh, gii ca ton trng t c trong k hc va qua, ri t chc

khen thng s hc sinh kh, gii, hc sinh ngho vt kh, con em din

chnh sch c thnh tch trong hc tp cao. V nh trng cn t chc

khen thng cc gio vin gii ng gp nhiu thnh tch cho trng.


8/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNIII. MC CH V NGHA CA H THNG QUN L

1. Mc ch

H thng Qun l im ca hc sinh trung hc ph thng l hthng qun l hc sinh, qun l im, thng k s lng hc sinh ca trng,

thng k cht lng hc sinh kh, gii v cn yu km ca trung Lm

gim nh cng vic trc tip ca nhn vin vn phng cng nh nhng ngi

c nhu cu tm kim, kim tra v mt hc sinh no v quan trng hn l

gip cho nh trng c th nm vng c cht lng hc sinh ca tng khi

lp c phng n iu chnh thch hp.2. ngha

- C th tm kim, sp xp hay thng k cc kt qu mt cch nhanh chng

v hiu qu nht.

- Gim bt sc lao ng th cng ca con ngi v loi b dn cc cng

vic ghi chp ln giy bng tay.

- Vic tin hc ho trong cc chng trnh Qun l h thng im hcsinh ca trng Nguyn Tri s em li nhng ng dng trong vic s

dng trn mng cc b hoc mng din rng


9/74



CHNG II : PHN TCH H THNG

I. KHI NIM

1. Mc ch

Phn tch h thng l mt hnh thc tip cn h thng. Qu trnh phn

tch ny cn xc nh xem h thng thng tin c nh th no, cn thay i

nhng g v h thng thng tin mi phi xy dng ra sao.

S quan st h thng qua cc giai on sau:

M hnh ca h thng thng tin qun l c xy dng thng qua s

chc nng, s lung d liu v m hnh thc th.

Trn c s cc kt qu kho st h thng thc, trong giai on ny cn

lm r m hnh hot ng ca t chc v h thng thng tin. Cc cng vic

cn thc hin l:

- Xc nh cc phn t trong h thng

- Phn tch cc lung thng tin, cc mi quan h trong bng

M t h thnglm g, lm nh

th no

M t h thngmi lm g,lm nh th

no

M t h thngmi lm g, lm

nh th no

Mc vt l

Mc logic

M t h thnglm g, lmnh th no


10/74


11/74



Ti giai on kho st s b h thng ta phi lit k cc chc nng ca

h thng cc chc nng ny phn nh h thng lm g. V d nh: cp nht d

liu, tra cu, thng k tnh ton x l ... cc chc nng c phn thnh tng

nhm chc nng c lin quan n nhau v chng c sp xp gn nhau. Cc

chc nng c nh theo th t v theo nhm.

- Cc ng ni t mc trn xung mc di khng cn mi tn v bn

thn cc mc th hin tnh nng phn cp.

- Biu ny thun ty l cc chc nng x l, cc tin trnh nn

khng c m t d liu hoc m t thuc tnh.


12/74



Biu phn cp chc nng ca h thng Qun l trng hc

THPT:

Cp nhtthng tin

Cp nhtgio vin Tm kim im

theo tn hs Bo coim k 2

Bo coim k 1

Tm kim giovin

Danh schhc sinh

Tra cuthng tin

Bo cothng tin

Cp nhtthng tinhc sinh

Qun l im hcsinh THPT

Tm kim imtheo tn mn

Tra cu imhc k 1

Tra c imhc k 2

Tra cu imtng kt

Bo coim tng

kt

Cp nhtim


13/74



S phn r chc nng chi tit:

Chc nng cp nht thng tin:

CP NHT THNG TIN

Cp nht thngtin hc sinh

Cp nht thngtin gio vin

Cp nht im


14/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HN- Cp nht thng tin hc sinh:

Trc khi cp nht thng tin hc sinh cn phi c thng tin v hc

sinh.

+ Thng tin vo: L cc thng tin chi tit v tng hc sinh nh a

ch, ngy sinh, lp hc, din chnh sch v cc im thnh phn trong qu

trnh hc tp ca hc sinh .

+ Thng tin ra: L danh sch hc sinh v bng im ca tng hc sinh

- Cp nht thng tin gio vin:

Trc khi cp nht thng tin gio vin cn phi c thng tin v gio

vin.+ Thng tin vo: L thng tin chi tit v tng gio vin nh a ch,

tn gio vin, mn dy

+ Thng tin ra: L danh sch cc gio vin ging dy tng b mn

- Cp nht im

Trc khi cp nht im cn phi c thng tin v gio vin.

+ Thng tin vo: L thng tin chi tit v cc mn hc thnh phn nhim 15 pht, mt tit.

+ Thng tin ra: danh sch cc im thnh phn

Lp CBK01 14


15/74



Chc nng tra cu thng tin:

- Tm kim gio vin:

+ Thng tin vo : L tn gio vin

+ Thng tin ra: L thng tin v gio vin nh ngy sinh, a

ch, mn dy

- Tm kim im theo tn mn:

+ Thng tin vo: L tn mn hc

+ Thng tin ra: L thng tin v bng im ng vi mn hc

- Tm kim im theo tn hc sinh:

+ Thng tin vo: L tn hc sinh cn tm.

+ Thng tin ra: L thng tin v bng im ca hc sinh

- Tra cu im hc k 1:

+ Thng tin vo: L im ca tng hc sinh

+ Thng tin ra: L bng im hc k 1

- Tra cu im hc k 2:

Lp CBK01

Tra cu v tm kim thng tin

Tra cuim

hc k 1

Tra cuim

hc k 2

Tra cuim

tng kt

Tmkimim

theo tnhc sinh

Tmkimim

theo tnmn

Tmkim

giovin

15


16/74





- Tra cu im tng kt:


+ Thng tin ra: L im trung bnh cc k v xp loi

Chc nng bo co thng k bo co:

- Bo co danh sch hc sinh:

+ Thng tin vo: L thng tin hc sinh

+ Thng tin ra: L danh sch hc sinh

- Bo co im hc k 1:

+ Thng tin vo: L cc im thnh phn ca hc sinh trong hc k 1

+ Thng tin ra: L bng im hc k 1- Bo co im hc k 2:

+ Thng tin vo: L cc im thnh phn ca hc sinh trong hc k 2


- Bo co im tng kt:

Lp CBK01

BO CO THNG TIN

Bo codanhsch

hc sinh

Bo coim hc

k 2

Bo coim

hc k 1

Bo coim

tng kt

16


17/74



+ Thng tin vo: L im tng kt ca tng hc k

+ Thng tin ra: L im tng kt c nm cng xp loi

2. Biu lung d liu

Biu lung d liu (BLD: Data Flow Diagram): Din t tp hp cc

chc nng ca h thng theo tin trnh, l biu m t h thng dng

ng cung cp mt cch quan st tng th ca h thng. BLD l cng c c

bn dng trong cc bc phn tch thit k trao i v lm t liu lu tr.

Phng php cu trc biu BLD: c c mt biu tt c th

tun theo hng dn n gin sau:

- Xc nh cc thnh phn tnh trong h thng, c ngha l cc i tng

c cha d liu

- Xc nh cc thao tc x l chnh m n s dng v d liu sinh ra

ng thi xc nh cc dng d liu gia chng

- M rng khai trin v lm mn dn cc chc nng ca biu

- Chnh l li biu tng bc thch hp v m bo tnh logic

Mt s k thut kh ph bin phn r biu l k thut phn mc:- Mc 1: Biu lung d liu mc khung cnh

- Mc 2: Biu lung d liu mc nh

- Mc 3: Biu lung d liu mc di nh

Lp CBK01 17


18/74


19/74



Biu lung d liu mc khung cnh:

Cc tc nhn ngoi ca h thng:- Hc sinh:

+ Thng tin vo: L thi kho biu

+ Thng tin ra: L thng tin c nhn

- Gio vin:

+ Thng tin vo: L danh sch hc sinh ca lp mnh

dy

+ Thng tin ra: L thng tin cc im thnh phn

trong qu trnh hc tp

- Phng o to:

+ Thng tin vo: L cp nht thng tin

Lp CBK01

Gio vin

Hc sinh

Thng tin hc sinh

Danh schhc sinh

Thi kho biu

Thng tincnhn

Phng o to

Qun lim hc

sinh THPT

Cp nht thng tin

H s hcsinh

19


20/74



+ Thng tin ra: L h s ca hc sinh

2. Biu lung d liu mc nh

BLD mc nh c phn r t BLD mc khung cnh vi cc chc

nng tng ng mc 2 ca biu BPC.

Biu lung d liu mc nh:

Lp CBK01

1. Cp nhtthng tin

3. Boco thng

tin

Yu cu bo co tmkim

Kt qu bo co tmkim

Yu cu tm kim

Kt qu tm kim

Cp nht dliu

im tng kt

im hc k 1

Hc sinh

Gio vin

Qun lim hc

sinh

2. Tra cuv tmkim

thng tin

im hc k 2

im

20


21/74



3. Biu lung d liu mc di nh

BLD mc di nh c phn r t BLD mc nh. Mi chc nng

mc trn c biu bi mt BLD mc di.

Phn r chc nng 1: Cp nht thng tin

Lp CBK01

Qun l imhc sinh THPT

Cp nhtgio vin

Cp nht im

v thng tinhc sinh

Gio vin

Hc sinh

im

Cp nht im

21


22/74



Phn r chc nng 2: Tm kim v tra cu thng tin

Lp CBK01

Qun l imhc sinh THPT

Tm kim giovin

Tm kim imtheo tn hs

Tra cu imhc k 1

Tm kim imtheo tn mn

Tra cuim hc k

2

Tra cu imtng kt

Mn hc

im

Hc sinh

im

Hc sinh

gio vin

22


23/74



Phn r chc nng 3: Bo co thng tin:

Lp CBK01

Qun l im hcsinh THPT

Bo codanh schhc sinh

sinh

Bo coim hc

k 1

im hc k 1Hc sinh

Bo coim hc k

2

Yu cu

Boco

Bo coBo co

Yu cu Yu cu

Bo co imtng kt

Yu cu

Boco

im

23


24/74



4. M hnh thc th lin kt:

T phn m t cc thc th lin kt ta c bng quan h sau:

Bng lin kt M lin kt Bng oc kt niHc sinh 1-N imMn hc 1-N imMn hc 1-N Gio vinGio vin 1-N Lp

Lp CBK01

Hc sinh

*MahsTenhocsinhMalop

GioitinhNgaysinhDiachiGvcnDienchinhsach

im

MahsMamonDmiengk1D15k1D45k1/1D45k1/2Dhk1Dmiengk2D15k2D45k2/1

D45ki2/2Dhk2 Mn hc

*MamonTenmonHesomon

Gio vin

*MagvTengvDiachi

NgaysinhMalopMamon

Lp

*MalopTenlopKhoi

Magv

24


25/74



Lp 1-N Hc sinh

CHNG III: LA CHN CNG C PHT TRIN

I. H QUN TR C S D LIU ACCESS:

Microsoft Access l h qun tr c s trn mi trng Windows trong

c sn cc cng c hu hiu v tin li t ng sn sinh chng trnh

cho hu ht cc bi ton thng gp trong qun l, thng k, k ton. Cc

i tng chnh trong c s d liu Access l bng, truy vn, biu mu, boco, cc macro v module.

1.Bng (Table)

L ni cha d liu ca mt i tng no nh sn phm v nh

cung cp. Mi bng cha thng tin v mt ch th xc nh. Bng t chc

thnh cc ct (cc trng) v cc hng (cc bn ghi). Mi trng trong bng

cha cc thng tin khc nhau chng hn nh bng bin bn cha thng tinv khch hn nh : h tn, a ch, s in thoi. Mi bng cha thng

tin y , chi tit v mt sn phm. Thng thng mt trng thng lin

quan n hai bng ngi ta c th ly d liu gia hai bng ny view,

sa, xa. Khi to bng thng c mt hoc nhiu trng c chn l kha

chnh xc nh duy nht mt bn ghi. iu ny gip :

- T ng to ch mc (Index) trn kha nhm tng tc truy vn v

cc thao tc khc

- Khi nhp d liu s kim tra s trng lp trn kha chnh

- Dng kha chnh to s lin kt

- hin ca s nhp liu, ta chn cha nng Datasheet View

Lp CBK01 25


26/74



- hin ca s thit k, ta chn cha nng Design View

2. Truy vn (Query)

L cng c mnh ca Access dng tng hp, sp xp tm kim d

liu. Trong Access c th to cc truy vn bng phng php vit lnh SQL.

Loi thng dng nht l Select query (Truy vn chn) vi cc kh nng:

- Chn bng, query khc lm ngun d liu

- Chn cc trng hin th

- Thm cc trng mi l kt qu thc hin cc php tnh trn cc

trng ca bng ngun

- a vo cc iu kin tm kim, la chn

- a vo cc trng dng sp xp

Khi mun thay i nh ngi ca mt truy vn ch Design, mun

nhp d liu ta m truy vn ch Datasheet.

3. Mu biu

L cng c mnh ca Access dng th hin, cp nht d liu cho

cc bng v t cha giao din chng trnh, mu biu gm cc iu khin

thuc cc th loi, cng c khc nhau.

Ngun d liu ca mu biu l bng hoc mt truy vn. Khi ngun d

liu, mu biu dng th hin v cp nht d liu cho cc trng ngun.

Mu biu khng c ngun d liu (Unbound) thng c dng t chc

giao din chng trnh. Cng c th thit k mt kiu mu chy mt

Macro hay mt Module p ng mt s kin no .

Khi mun thay i thit k ca mu biu ta m n ch Design.

ch ny, hp Toolbox l cng c to, thit k mu biu.

Mu biu thng c 5 thnh phn :

Lp CBK01 26


27/74



- u v cui bo biu (Form header/ Footer) : Khng quan trng nh

Report header/ Footer nhng cng c dng trong thit k form:

+ Header cha cc tiu

+ Footer dng cha cc nt lnh thao tc trn bn ghi hoc cc dng

tng cng

- u v cui trang (Page header/ Footer): L t quan trng nht v n

ch lin quan n hnh nh ca Form khi in ra giy. l tiu u v cui

mi trang c dng xc nh hoc ngt bng du hiu ngt ngang.

- Thn (Detail): Phn quan trng nht ca Form. Vi nhng Form c

d liu, y chnh l phn lp li mi bn ghi. Do vy mun d liu chin th nh nhng phiu nhp d liu, dn dc cc iu khin trong phn

Detail. Mun d liu c hin th di dng bng, dn ngang cc iu

khin trong phn Detail.

Ring vi Form dng Datasheet ch cn ko cc iu khin vo

Detail khng cn quan tm n v tr.

4. Bo biu (Report)L i tng c thit k quy nh cch tnh ton, in v tng hp

cc d liu c chn. Bo biu dng :

- Th hin thng tin chnh ca bng/ truy vn

- In d liu di dng bng biu

- Sp xp d liu trc khi in

- Sp xp cc phn nhm d liu. Thc hin cc php tnh c dliu tng hp trn cc nhm. So snh, i chiu d liu tng hp ca cc

nhm vi nhau.

Lp CBK01 27


28/74



thit k hay thay i cu trc ca mt bo biu ta m mn hnh

ch Design, cn xem hnh nh vi kch thc v d liu tht ca n ta

m mn hnh ch Print Preview.

Cc phn chnh ca mt bo biu gm:

- Detail: Lp li theo tng b phn

- Page Header/ Footer: Lp li mi trang mt ln, phn ny thng

cha s trang, ngy, thng lp bo biu.

- Report Header/ Footer: Mi bo biu lp li mt ln. Phn ny cha

cc tiu chung ca mt bo co v cc dng tng cng

Ngoi ra cc bo co c phn nhm cn cha Group Header/ Footerdng lm tiu v cc dng tng cng cho tng nhm trong bo co.

5. Lnh v m (Macro)

L mt on chng trnh, gm mt dy cc hnh ng ha cc thao

tc v t chc giao din chng trnh.

Macro l hnh thc lp trnh n gin, n lm cho cc i tng ch

yu trong Access gn kt vi nhau, tuy nhin lp trnh bng Macro khngc linh hot lm.

Macro thng c gn vi cc nt lnh hoc dng to menu

chnh trong chng trnh. Macro cng c a vo cc s kin gn vi cc

i tng c s d liu nh Form, Report.

Cu trc mt hnh ng gm: Tn hnh ng (Action) v cc tham

s. Khi Macro c kch hot bng thao tc th x l cc d liu trong boco v mu biu s tr nn n gin hn nhiu.

Lp CBK01 28


29/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HN6. n th chng trnh (Module)

L phng tin lp trnh trong Access vi ngn ng lp trnh Access

Basic. M Access VBA cho php iu khin theo lp trnh nhiu cng vic

v ty chn c s d liu m bng Macro khng th iu khin c.

CHNG IV:

THIT K H THIT K QUN L TRNG HC

I. THIT K C S D LIU

1. Bng (Table)

1.1. Cc bng trong bi tp

Mi thc th lin kt trong m hnh quan h s l mt bng:

- Bng hc sinh

- Bng im

- Bng gio vin

- Bng mn hc

- Bng lp

1.2. Chi tit cc bng

1.2.1 Bng hc sinh:

Cha cc thng tin v hc sinh, trng MAHS lm kho chnh lin kt vi cc bng khc.

Tn trng Kiu d liu Kch thc M t

Mahs Text 8 M hc sinh

Lp CBK01 29


30/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNTenhocsinh Text 50 Tn hc sinhMalop Text 8 M lpGioitinh Yes/no Gii tnh

Ngaysinh Date/time Ngy sinh

Diachi Text 50 a chDienchinhsach Yes/no Din chnh sch

Trong thc t bng c thit k nh sau :

Ch thch: - Gii tnh mc nh l Nam nh du tch(v), n th khng.

- Hc sinh l din chnh sch cng nh du tch(v)

Lp CBK01 30


31/74



Lp CBK01 31


32/74



1.2.2 Bng im:

Cha thng tin v cc thnh phn im ca tng hc sinh ng vi

tng mn hc. Gm cc trng sau:

Tn trng Kiu d liu Kch thc M tMahs Text 8 M hc sinhMamon Text 8 M mnDmiengk1 Number Byte im ming k 1D15k1 Number Byte im 15 pht k 1D45k1/1 Number Byte im 45 pht k 1 h s 1D45k1/2 Number Byte im 45 pht k 1 h s 2

Dhk1 Number Byte im thi hc k 1Dmiengk2 Number Byte im ming hc k 2D15k2 Number Byte im 15 pht hc k 2D45k2/1 Number Byte im 45 pht k 2 h s 1D45k2/2 Number Byte im 45 pht k 2 h s 2Dhk2 Number Byte im thi hc k 2

Trong thc t bng c thit k nh sau:

Lp CBK01 32


33/74



Lp CBK01 33


34/74



1.3 Bng gio vin:

Tn bng l gio vin, cha thng tin v gio vin ging dy ca

trng vi trng. Vi trng MAGV l kho chnh v gm cc trng sau:

Tn trng Kiu d liu Kch thc M tMagv Text 8 M gio vinTengv Text 50 Tn gio vinDiachi Text 50 a ch

Ngaysinh Yes/no Ngy sinhMamon Date/time M mnGioitinh Yes/no Gii tnh

Trong thc t bng c thit k nh sau :

1.3.1 Bng mn hc:

Lp CBK01 34


35/74



Cha cc thng tin v mn hc trong kho chnh l trng m

mn hc. Gm cc trng sau:

Tn trng Kiu d liu Kch thc M tMamon Text 8 M mn hcTenmon Text 50 Tn mn hcHesomon Number H s mn


1.3.2 Bng lp:

Cha cc thng tin v lp hc trong kho chnh l trng m lp.

Gm cc trng sau:

Lp CBK01 35


36/74



Tn trng Kiu d liu kch thc M t

Malop Text 8 M lpTenlop Text 50 Tn lpKhoi number Byte KhiMagv Text 8 M gio vin


2. Lin kt cc bng (Relationships)Thit k quan h cho cc bng:

Bng hc sinh v bng im:

- Lin kt vi nhau bng m hc sinh

Lp CBK01 36


37/74



- nh du chn Enforce Referential Integrity (Ton vn tham chiu

ton vn d liu).

- Chn Casecade Update Related Field: cho php ta sa gi tr

kho chnh ca mu tin trong bng bn mt ca quan h, Access s t ngcp nht s thay i vo cc trng tng ng (c quan h ) trn cc

bng bn nhiu ca quan h.

- Chn Casecade Delete Related Records: Khi xo mu tin ca bng

c trng l kho th nhng trng tng ng trong bng quan h kia cng

t ng xo theo.

Tng t cc bng khc cng vy:

Bng mn hc v bng im:

- Lin kt vi nhau bng m mn

Lp CBK01 37


38/74



Lp CBK01 38


39/74



Bng mn hc v bng gio vin:

- Lin kt vi nhau bng trng m mn

Bng lp v bng hc sinh:

- Lin kt vi nhau bng trng m lp

Lp CBK01 39


40/74



Bng lp vi bng gio vin:

- Lin kt vi nhau bng trng m gio vin:

Mi quan h gia cc bng

Mi quan h gia bng hc sinh, bng im, bng mn hc, bng gio

vin v bng lp l:

Lp CBK01 40


41/74



Lp CBK01 41


42/74



II. THIT K GIAO DIN CHO CHNG TRNH

Tng quan:

- Chng trnh thit k gm mt form chnh v nhiu form ph (formthnh phn), cc form ph (form thnh phn) c nm trong form chnh

to nn giao din ca chng trnh.

- Trn form chnh c cc menu ca chng trnh nhm p ng mi

yu cu ca chng trnh khi ta c nhu cu xem mt vn c th v giao

din hoc tm kim thng tin bn ch cn nhn vo thanh menu m bn cn

tm.

- Trn cc form ph (form thnh phn) vn c mt h thng menu

cc bn tin quan st, trong cng c cc nt lnh m t qu trnh hot

ng ca tng form ph (form thnh phn) ring l.

1.Thit k cc form cho chng trnh

Mn hnh ca chng trnh

Mn hnh Trang ch ca chng trnh c thit k nh sau:

Lp CBK01 42


43/74



Khi kch chut vo nt NG NHP th ton b chng trinh qun l

im hc sinh ph thng s hin ra. M u l FORM CHINH ca chng

trnh

Lp CBK01 43


44/74



1.1: Cp nht thng tin

Khi ta kch chut vo nt: CP NHT THNG TIN trn mn hnh s

xut hin from CP NHT THNG TIN c dng nh sau:

1.1.1: Cp nht thng tin hc sinh

Lp CBK01 44


45/74



Khi ta kch vo nt Cp nht thng tin hc sinh trn mn hnh s

xut hin main/ subform ca bng hc sinh cha cc thng tin ca hc sinh

cng vi bng im query

Lp CBK01 45


46/74



Bng im query c thit lp nh sau:

Lp CBK01 46


47/74



1.1.2: Cp nht thng tin gio vin

Khi ta kch vo nt CP NHT THNG TIN GIO VIN trn mn

hnh s xut hin main/ subform ca bng gio vin cha cc thng tin ca

gio vin cng vi bng mn hc

1.1.3: Cp nht im

Khi ta kch chut vo nt cp nht im th s hin th 1 form cp nht

thc hin chc nng ny

Lp CBK01 47


48/74



1.2: Tra cu v tm kim thng tin

Khi ta kch chut vo nt: TRA CU THNG TIN trn mn hnh s

xut hin from F_TK c dng nh sau:

Lp CBK01 48


49/74



1.2.1: Tm kim theo tn gio vin

Khi ta kch vo nt TM KIM THEO TN GIO VIN trn mn

hnh s xut hin from Enter Parameter Value vi yu cu Nhp tn gio

vin nh sau:

Lp CBK01 49


50/74



Khi ta nhp tn gio vin v d H sau chn OK trn mn hnh s

xut hin kt qu tm kim nhng gio vin c tn l H trong danh sach v

hin th ra mn hnh nh sau:

Form ny c thit k da trn bng query :

Lp CBK01 50


51/74



1.2.2: Tm kim theo tn mn

Khi ta kch vo nt TM KIM THEO TN MN trn mn hnh s

xut hin from Enter Parameter Value vi yu cu Nhp tn mn nh

sau:

Khi ta nhp tn mn v d nh TON sau chn OK trn mn hnh

s xut hin kt qu tm kim a ra nhng hc sinh c im mn ton t

cc im thnh phn n cc im tng kt ca mn hc ny nh sau:

Lp CBK01 51


52/74



Lp CBK01 52


53/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNForm ny c thit k da trn bng query :

1.2.3: Tm kim theo tn hc sinh

Khi ta kch vo nt TM KIM THEO TN HS trn mn hnh s xut

hin from Enter Parameter Value vi yu cu Nhp tn HS nh sau:

Khi ta nhp tn mn v d nh ANH sau chn OK trn mn hnh s xut

hin kt qu tm kim nhng hc sinh c tn l ANH v nhng im thnh

phn ca hc sinh ra mn hnh nh sau :

Lp CBK01 53


54/74



Form ny c thit k da trn bng query :

1.2.4: Tra cu im k 1

Khi ta kch vo nt tra cu im hc k 1 trn mn hnh s xut

hin from Enter Parameter Value vi yu cu Nhp mahs mun tm nh

sau:

Lp CBK01 54


55/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNKhi ta nhp M hc sinh v d m hc sinh l 001 sau chn OK trn mn

hnh s xut hin kt qu tm kim nhng thng tin v im cc mn ca hc

sinh ny v kt qu, tra cu nh sau:

Bng query c thit k nh sau :

Lp CBK01 55


56/74



1.2.5: Tra cu im k 2

Khi ta kch vo nt tra cu im hc k 2 trn mn hnh s xuthin from Enter Parameter Value vi yu cu Nhp mahs nh sau:

Khi ta nhp M hc sinh v d m hc sinh l 001 sau chn OK trn mnhnh s xut hin kt qu tm kim , tra cu nh sau:

Lp CBK01 56


57/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNBng query c thit k nh sau :

1.2.6: Tra cu im tng kt

Khi ta kch vo nt tra cu im tng kt trn mn hnh s xuthin from Enter Parameter Value vi yu cu Nhp tn lp v nhp tnmn mun xem c hc sinh cn tra cu.

Lp CBK01 57


58/74



Khi ta nhp tn mn v tn lp v d nh chn tn lp l 11A1 v tn mn

l TOAN sau chn OK trn mn hnh s xut hin nhng thng tin v

nhng hc sinh ca lp cng vi cc im tng kt kt qu tra cu nh

sau:

Lp CBK01 58


59/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNBng query c thit k nh sau :

Lp CBK01 59


60/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HNBng im tng kt c thit k nh sau:

Lp CBK01 60


61/74



1.3: Bo co thng tin

Khi ta kch chut vo nt: BO CO THNG TIN trn mn hnh s

xut hin from Bo co c dng nh sau:

1.3.1: Bo co danh sch hc sinh

Khi ta kch vo nt bo co danh sch hc sinh trn mn hnh xut

hin danh sch hc sinh hin thi ca trng hc , cng vi nhng thng tin

c nhn ca tng hc sinh nh sau :

Lp CBK01 61


62/74



1.3.2: Bo co im k 1

Khi ta kch vo nt bo co im k 1 trn mn hnh xut hin danh

sch hc sinh vi bng im ca hc k 1 nh sau:

Lp CBK01 62


63/74



1.3.3: Bo co im k 2

Khi ta kch vo nt bo co im k 2 trn mn hnh xut hin danh

sch hc sinh vi bng im ca hc k 2 nh sau:

Lp CBK01 63


64/74



1.3.4: Bo co im tng kt

Khi ta kch vo nt bo co im tng kt trn mn hnh

xut hin bng tng kt im ca tng hc sinh nh sau:

2.Cc bo biu

Cc bo biu c thit k nh sau:

- Danh sch hc sinh

Lp CBK01 64


65/74



Bo biu ny c thit k da trn Bng hc sinh

+ Bo co im hc k 1 :

Bo biu ny c thit k da trn query sau :

Lp CBK01 65


66/74



+ Bo co im hc k 2 :

Lp CBK01 66


67/74




+ Bo co im tng kt:


Lp CBK01 67


68/74



3. Thit k cc Macro chng trnh

Cc macro c thit k nh sau:

- MACRO m trang ch

Khi n nt run macro s gip ta hin th trang ch mt cch nhanh nht

- MACRO Nhp im v thng tin hc sinh

Lp CBK01 68


69/74



Khi n nt run macro s m form nhp _im cho ta

- MACRO BAO CAO DANH SACH HOC SINHMACRO ny c nhim v in ra bo co v danh sach hc sinh

Khi chy macro s thc hin nh sau :

Lp CBK01 69


70/74



Ta chn tn v lu bn bo co li t ng my s a ra cho ta di

dng word

Lp CBK01 70


71/74



+MACRO MO BANG DIEM

Lp CBK01 71


72/74


Qun l im hc sinh THPT Trng i hc Bch Khoa HN+ Macro phng to khung

+ Macro thu nh khung

Tng t nh vy ta c th to ra cc macro khc nhau vi cc hnh

ng khc nhau nh ng, m form, table, report, copy, xo

Lp CBK01 72


73/74



CHNG V: KT LUN

Sau mt thi gian hc tp, em hon thnh cc mn hc . Em c

nhn ti Qun l im hc sinh PTTHlm n tt nghi p. hon

thnh n ny, ngoi s n lc c gng hc tp tm hiu, em nhn c

s nh hng cng nh tn tnh gip v hng dn ca thy Tun

Anh. Em xin by t lng bit n su sc vi nhng ch bo ca thy. ng

thi em xin cm n tt c cc thy c gio trong trng, nhng ngi trc

tip truyn t kin thc v gip em rt nhiu trong sut qu trnh thc

hin n.

Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n ti tt c cc bn trong lp

gip v ng vin em trong qu trnh thc hin n.

Trong qu trnh xy dng ti, do cha c kinh nghim lm vic thc t nn

ca em khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em rt mong nhn c s ng vin v gip

cc thy c gia ti ca em hon thin hn v c th ng dng trong thc t.

Em xin chn thnh cm n!

sinh vin

Thi Vn Thng

Lp CBK01 73


74/74



TI LIU THAM KHO

1.Nhp mn c s d liu quan h - L Tin Vng - NXB Khoa hoki thuat.

2.Phn tch v thit k h thng thng tin - Nguyn Vn Ba - NXB

i hoc quc gia HN.

3.Microsoft Access 2000 Nguyn Sn Hi

VanLuong.blogspot.com A5034

Documents

Transcript of VanLuong.blogspot.com A5034