USHC – 2: TSWD an understanding of how economic ... · USHC – 2.2: Explain how the Monroe...
Transcript of USHC – 2: TSWD an understanding of how economic ... · USHC – 2.2: Explain how the Monroe...
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USHC – 2.2: Explain how the Monroe Doctrine and the
concept of Manifest Destiny affected the United
States’ relationships with foreign powers, including
the role of the United States in the Texan Revolution
and the Mexican War.
Opening: Expansion in Texas Readin
Guide
Work Period: 2.2 Monroe
Doctrine and Manifest Destiny
Closing: QUIZ on 2.1 and 2.2
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How did the Monroe Doctrine
and Manifest Destiny effect
different areas of foreign policy
during the 19th
century?
Essential Question
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•European monarchies form the Quadruple Alliance to
suppress democratic revolutions
•Newly independent nations of Latin America gain the
sympathy of the American people
•Britain and U.S. are alarmed at Russian expansionist aims
•Britain proposes to issue a joint statement with the U.S. against intervention in Latin
America
•U.S. issues the Monroe Doctrine
•European monarchies defeat Napoleon in 1815
•Simon Bolivar and Jose San Martin lead the independence
movement in the Latin American colonies and
overthrow Spain
•Russian tsar announces in 1821 that his empire extends south
into Oregon
•British fear that the Quadruple Alliance may try to suppress Latin American democracies
•Sec. Of State John Q. Adams advises that the U.S. issue an
independent statement opposing intervention in Latin American
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British and U.S. leaders decided they had a common interest in protecting North and South America from the possible aggression of a European power
*British initiative-wants to protect their lucrative trade
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American response
Secretary of State John Quincy Adams believed that joint action with Britain would restrict U.S. opportunities for further expansion in the hemisphere
If the U.S. acted alone, Britain could be counted upon to stand behind U.S. policy
No European power would risk going to war in South America, and if it did, the British navy would surely defeat the aggressor
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monroe doctrine
•*Aimed at European Powers who wanted to restore their colonial
holdings
•Also a response to the collapse of the Spanish empire in the Americas and our recent history with Great Britain and
France.
•Keep European monarchies out of the Western
Hemisphere.
•Their government systems are foreign to the U.S.
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• Referred to as America’s Self Defense Doctrine.
• It is a continuation of President Washington’s neutrality and
isolationist policies.
• Past problems with Europe led the US to declare the Americas
off-limits to Europe
US protector of new democracies in the Western Hemisphere
No European Colonization in the Americas
US will stay out of European affairs
Monroe
Doctrine
US recognized existing European
Colonies
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Western Hemisphere or the Americas.
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•New Latin American countries were formed from
successful revolutions.
•US protector of new democracies in
the Western Hemisphere
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In 1823, President James Monroe, with the help of his advisors, developed the Monroe Doctrine. The Monroe Doctrine said that the US would not allow any European nation to intervene in or colonize countries in the Western Hemisphere in any way at any time for any reason.
Do you believe that Monroe had the right to tell other countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere? Explain.
Activity –Mini Debate
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Reasons for Manifest Destiny Changes in the early Antebellum era (1800-1840),
encouraged westward expansion in the 1840s
Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the USA
Lewis & Clark’s exploration confirmed the economic potential of the western territory
What changed in the 1840s that encouraged
westward expansion?
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Manifest Destiny In the 1840s, westward expansion
led Americans to acquire all lands from the Atlantic to Pacific in a movement called Manifest Destiny
Americans flooded into the West for new economic opportunities
The U.S. gained Texas, Oregon, California, & other territories through treaty or war
“Obvious”
“Future”
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When Americans were colonists (1607-1783),
the western border was the Appalachian Mountains
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After the Revolutionary
War, the western border of the U.S. was the
Mississippi River
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After Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the western border was the Rocky Mountains
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By 1850, the western border was the Pacific Ocean
from Oregon to California
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Reasons for Manifest Destiny Americans had a God-given right
to all the land of the North American continent. (Other peoples were less favored by divine providence)
The growth of “King Cotton” &
commercial farming led to a desire for more western lands
Improved transportation such as canals, steamboats, & railroads increased speed & profitability
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MEXICO CONTROLS TEXAS
After 300 years of Spanish rule, Mexican settlers felt at home in Texas territory
Mexico won their independence from Spain in 1821 and Texas was theirs
Mexican officials offered land to Americans to make the area more stable
Americans soon outnumbered Mexicans in Texas – trouble started when Mexico outlawed slavery
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Revolt
Tariff on American imports
Texans wanted Salutary Neglect
Alamo – Pres. Santa Anna lead attack
187 Americans died
Texans later defeated Mexican Army
Texas Revolution
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3. Republic of Texas
Separate Country
4. Annexation
America absorbed Texas
Issue- Slave or non-Slave?
Texas Revolution
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In order to avoid controversy over whether TX would be a slave state, Texas remained independent for almost a decade.
President James Polk annexed Texas shortly after his election in 1844.
Manifest Destiny-Texas
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President Polk offered to purchase additional Mexican territory, but was turned down. He sent troops to a region that was disputed
between TX and MX, and the Mexicans interpreted this as a hostile act, which led to war.
Peace treaty gave US land that includes California, New Mexico and Arizona.
This was neither American territory nor unclaimed land.
Manifest Destiny-Mexican Cession
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The Mexican War established an adversarial relationship between the US and Mexico that lasted into the 20th century and may still influence resentments today over illegal immigration.
Impact of the Mexican War
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Create a flow map of key events from standard 2.1 and 2.2 (use your notes from yesterday!)
Activity 2-Flow Map
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QUIZ TIME!
Extra Credit:
Analyze the picture on the next slide. (Worth up to 10 points for a well-thought out response)
CLOSING
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www.historyonthenet.com
This picture is entitled ‘Manifest Destiny’. Explain how the artist uses
the objects and people in the picture to encourage people to fulfil their
Manifest Destiny.