Usec Linda Malenab Hornilla Adrshort

8/9/2019 Usec Linda Malenab Hornilla Adrshort

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ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE

RESOLUTION FOR LAWPRACTITIONERS

ITS USES AND ADVANTAGES

Atty. Linda L. Malenab-Hornilla

Professor, PHILJA

Commissioner, NAPOLCOM


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BASIC CONCEPTS AND

PRINCIPLES IN MEDIATION


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Conflict Resolution

Any method, roess or roed!re whih

is intended to transform a onflit intoa less ostly form of interationbetween the onflitin# arties.Howeer onflits annot always be

resoled, so the terms onflitmana#ement or settlement or handlin#are often referred.


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Conflict Mn!e"ent

Can be eerised in different ways. On a selfhel basis by the arties diretly inoled in

the ori#inal onflit thro!#h indiret or diretne#otiation, or it an inole third arties whointerene on their own initiatie or at theinitation of both arties.

/he emhasis is on the arties findin# their ownsol!tions, with the assistane of one or moremediators who failitate and ontrol theroess.


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P#oce$u#e of Conflict Mn!e"ent

C!lt!rally aailable system of norms or

instit!tions that, if introd!ed into theonflit at a arti!lar moment, is

s!osed to transform into a new

onflit or a sit!ation that is less ostly

than the ori#inal onflit.


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Conflict escltion

Latent conflictsare harateri0ed by !nderlyin# tensions thathae not f!lly deeloed and hae not esalated into a hi#hlyolari0ed onflit.

Emerging conflictsare onflits where the arties areidentified, they a"nowled#e that there is a roblem, most iss!esare lear, b!t no wor"able ne#otiation or roblem solin#roess has deeloed $Moore, '()1*

anifest conflictsare those in whih the arties who are

atiely en#a#ed in an on#oin# dis!te, may hae adotedstrate#ies or styles and started to ne#otiate, and may haereahed an imasse or stalemate $Moore, '((2*

Dis!"tesConflits relate to dee h!man needs and al!es,sometimes eressed as roblems or dis!tes


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Conflict escltion

A dispute arises when two (or more) people (or groups) perceivethat their interests, needs and goals are incompatible, andseek to maximize fulfillment of their own interests, or needs, orachievement of their own goals (often at the expense ofothers) (Tillet, 1991)

A disagreement becomes a dispute onl! when the two parties areunable and"or unwilling to resolve their disagreement, that iswhen one or both are not prepared to accept the status #uo(should that an! longer be a possibilit!) and to accede to thedemand or denial of demand b! the other A dispute is

precipitated b! a crisis in the relationship ($oore, 19%&)


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Alte#nti%e Dis&ute Resolution

A&3 refers to roesses, other than

4!diial determination, in whih animartial erson $an A&3 ratitioner*

assists those in a dis!te to resole

the iss!es between them.


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'ols of ADR P#o!#"s

- 5!ort and omlement o!rt reform $!nlo# the o!rtdo"ets*

- 3ed!e delay in the resol!tion of dis!tes

- Inrease aess to 4!stie for disadanta#ed #ro!s- 3ed!e the ost of resolin# dis!tes

- Inrease ii en#a#ement and reate !bli roesses tofailitate eonomi restr!t!rin# and other soial han#e

-

Hel red!e the leel of tension and onflit in a omm!nity- Inrease o!lar satisfation with dis!te resol!tion

- Mana#e dis!tes and onflits that may diretly imairdeeloment initiaties


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ADR ocesses(

#$ Facilitati%e !rocess- roesses whihinole a third arty roidin# assistanein the mana#ement of the roess ofdis!te resol!tion. 6enerally the thirdarty has no adisory or determinatie

role in the ontent of the dis!te or theo!tome of its resol!tion, b!t may adiseon or determine the roess wherebyresol!tion is attemted.


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Fcilitti%e ocesses(

) cte!o#ies

A. Mediation- a relatiely ol!ntary,informal, riate, demorati, ollaboratiearoah to resolin# onflit, with thethird arty $mediator* in har#e of theroess b!t the dis!tants in har#e ofthe ontent and the o!tomes. Mediationre%!ires a ro!#hly e%!al balane of owerbetween arties in dis!te for fairo!tomes to be ahieed.


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B. Conciliation- a low-"eyinterention where thethird arty roides an informal omm!niation lin" bybrin#in# messa#e between arties in onflit or byroidin# failities for them to meet fae to fae, oro!nselin# the arties.

C. Facilitation- a relatiely informal, riate roess in

whih the arties, with the assistane of an imartialthird arty identify the roblems to be soled, tas"s tobe aomlished or dis!ted iss!es to be resoled.

Fcilitti%e ocesses(

) cte!o#ies


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&$ A'%isor( !rocess- an A&3 ratitioner onsiders and araises thedis!te and roides adise as to the fats of the dis!te, the law, andin some ases, ossible or desirable o!tomes and how these may beahieed.

)$ Determinati%e !rocess- an A&3 ratitioner eal!ates the dis!te$whih may inl!de the hearin# of formal eidene from the arties*

and ma"es a determination.

Fcilitti%e ocesses(

) cte!o#ies


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ARBITRATION

A roess in whih a ne!tral third arty

alled the arbitratorond!ts ahearin# between the dis!tants andthen, atin# as a 4!d#e, renders ale#ally bindin# deision.

Less formal than liti#ation, and, inmost hearin#s, strit r!les of eidene

will not be followed.


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ARBITRATION

Rights

Based

Decision

Arbitrator

Claiant Res!ondent


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LITI'ATION

J!d#e aointed by the 5tate

Formal roess re#!lated by r!les ofeidene and o!rt roed!re

Adersarial roeedin#s

Fo!s is on ri#hts and ast eents&eision is imosed on the arties


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"ITI#ATION

RightsBased

Decision

$%dge

&lainti'' De'endant


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AD*ANTA'ES AND BENEFITS OF

ADR

5!bstantial sain#s in le#al fees and other liti#ationeenses and in the time and ener#y of the dis!tants

7!siness relationshis are resered bea!se

interests are !rs!ed rather than ositions defended 8!i"er resol!tion Priay and onfidentiality More otions for satisfatory resol!tion an be

deeloed in A&3 7etter satisfation with res!lts Atie mana#ement of the dis!te


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COMPARISON

LA9

'. Adersarial

:. &eals with sit!ation asdefined by law

;. . ?nowled#e of le#alroed!re

A&3

'. Non-adersarial

:. &eals with sit!ation asit is on the #ro!nd

;. .


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T+#ee Bsic Ste&s in Inititin! ADR

a. Choosin# whih roess to !se.

$mediation and@or arbitration*

b. Pers!adin# the oosin# arty @ o!nsel

to artiiate.

. 5eletin# the aroriate roider of

dis!te resol!tion series.


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Ho, $o Dis&utes !et to ADR

a. ol!ntary A&3

Parties ol!ntarilya#ree to !rs!e A&3 een if there

is no a#reement before or after a dis!te has arisen.b. Mandatory A&3

Parties are mandatedto refer their dis!te to A&3

either by the terms of their a#reement or order by

the o!rt.- Pre-dis!te Cla!se

- Bistin# &is!te 5!bmission A#reement

- Order of the Co!rt $o!rt-anneed mediation*


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Me$ition


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Co""on ele"ents e"&+si.e$ in

o/le" sol%in! "o$els(

A str!t!red, sta#e, ooeratie, roblem solin# aroah the imartiality and ne!trality of the mediator ol!ntary artiiation of the arties and a#reement to aet

a#reed !on r!les f!ll dislos!re of all releant information a fo!s on the ommon interests and the needs and fears of the

indiid!als onerned $rather than ositions* emowerment of artiiants, romoted thro!#h all arties

hain# aess to information and an e%!al oort!nity toartiiate in deision ma"in#


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Co""on ele"ents e"&+si.e$ in

o/le" sol%in! "o$els(

Need for arties to be aware of their le#al ri#hts andobli#ations

fo!s on the resent and f!t!re, not the ast rimary #oal is a#reement or settlement of the iss!es

in dis!te a#reements reahed in mediation are not le#ally

bindin# !ntil stes are ta"en elsewhere to ma"e them

so riay and onfidentiality is ass!red within learly

defined limits and an emhasis on onsens!s


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A$%nt!es of Me$ition

Mediation...

is ol!ntary roess is non-bindin#

!ses an indeendent third arty

is onfidential is witho!t re4!die


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T+e Me$ito# ,o#0s to +el& t+e

ties111

disoer the tr!e iss!es inoled in their

dis!te

!nderstand the differene between what

they want and what they need

!nderstand the wants and needs of the

other side realistially onsider the ossible otions


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Bsic s0ills use$(

Comm!niation s"ills of

+ attendin#

+ listenin#

+ resondin# to both feelin# and meanin#

3e-framin#

3efletie %!estionin# assessment and referral s"ills

s"ill to wor" as art of a team


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P+ses n$2o# st!es(

I. /HB P3BPA3A/ION PHA5B

A. Initiatin# the onflit7. Analy0in# the onflit

C. A#reement on the #ro!nd r!les

and roed!res&. Creation of a safe sae


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P+ses n$2o# st!es(

II. /HB IN/B3BN/ION PHA5B

A. Bloration of the syholo#ial and roed!ral iss!es

7. Bloration of s!bstantie iss!esC. &esi#nin# otions

&. Ne#otiation A#reements in Prinile Prinile Ne#otiation

7est Alternatie to Ne#otiated A#reement $7A/NA*

B. Preliminary A#reement


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P+ses n$2o# st!es(

III. /HB CON5OLI&A/ION PHA5B

A. 3eality testin# 7. Imlementation, reiew and

reision


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COURT-ANNEXED MEDIATION

/he mediation ro#ram instit!tionali0ed

and bein# imlemented by the 5!reme

Co!rt thro!#h the Phil4a and PMC in

oordination with the OCA, isD CO


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)ediation in the &hili!!ines

#$ *"asi+,"'icial -o'ies .Go%ernment Agencies

+ Ins"rance Commission

+ DTI/ -"rea" of Tra'e Reg"lation an'Cons"mer Protection

+ IPRA/ NCIP+ RA 0&1)/ IPO

+ PD &2&/ Go%ernment Agencies


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&$ 3atar"ngang Pam4aranga(

+ Pre+con'ition to com!laint in co"rt orgo%ernment agenc(

+ Parties/ onl( in'i%i'"als5 act"all(

resi'ing in same cit( . m"nici!alit(

+ Parties m"st a!!ear in !erson5 no

co"nsel or re!resentati%e


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)$ Co"rt+Anne6e' e'iation/ Legal -asis

+ RA 07789 Sec$ #

3to ens"re an efficient an' cre'i4le ,"'iciar(4to !erform s"c: ot:er f"nctions an' '"ties asma( 4e necessar( in carr(ing o"t its man'ate5

+ Action Program for ,"'icial Reform ;AP,Ra ;# Octo4er &@@#

Usec Linda Malenab Hornilla Adrshort

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