UoP RFICs Workgroup (RFLab): Research Activitieskilyos.ee.bilkent.edu.tr/~newcomd3/Third...
Transcript of UoP RFICs Workgroup (RFLab): Research Activitieskilyos.ee.bilkent.edu.tr/~newcomd3/Third...
UoP RFICs Workgroup (RFLab):Research Activities
April 29, 2005 - Torino
B. Neri, D. Zito, L.Fanucci
Università di Pisa
Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione:
Elettronica, Informatica, Telecomunicazioni
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Outline• RFLab & Partners• Fully Integrated Multi-Standard RF Transceiver for
5-6 GHz WLANsTX/RX Antenna SwitchLow Noise Amplifier & Power Amplifier1° Down-Converter MixerFrequency SynthesizerPower AmplifierUp-Converter Mixer2° Down-Converter Mixer
• Open Projects and InterestsApril 29, 2005 - Torino
RFICs Workgroup
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
• University of Pisa (RFLab) B. Neri, D. Zito, et al.
• University of Parma A. Boni, R. Menozzi, et al.
• University of Perugia F.Alimenti, L.Roselli, A. Scorzoni, V. Palazzari, et al.
• University of Modena and R.E. M.Borgarino, M.Pifferi, R.Codeluppi, et al.
• University of Messina C.Ciofi, G.Scandurra, et al.
Design Framework (Pisa)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
• Computer Aided Design (CAD) Cadence Design System (CDS) Advanced Design System (ADS) RF Design Environment (RFDE)
• Electromagnetic Simulators EM Sight (MO), Momentum (ADS), Ansoft HFSS
• Technologies SiGe-CMOS 0.35um - Austriamicrosystems SiGe-CMOS 0.25um - IBM
• Instruments Signal Gen. (HP ESG-D3000A, 3 GHz) Spectrum Analyzer (Anritsu MS 2665C, 21 GHz) Probe Station (Karl Suss PM 5) Vector Network Analyzer (Anritsu37369D,40 GHz)
RF Transceivers: Scenario and Aims
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
TX/RX Antenna Switch
LNA Dem
odulator
PA
f0M
odulator
Single Silicon Die
Image Reject Filter
RX
TX
Fully Integrated Multi-standard RFTransceiver for 5-6 GHz WLANs
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Funded by MIUR (266.000 Euro)
Units: University of Pisa, Parma, Perugia, Modena and R.E.
1th phase:stand-alonecells integration
2nd phase: test,re-design, macro-cells integration
TX/RX Antenna Switch: State of the Art
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
RX
TX
Off-chip
Limited ZOFF /ZON
(Q-factor integrated inductors)
Limited Frequency Range
Limited Power Switch Capability
Insertion Loss ≈1-2 dB
April 29, 2005 - Torino
]cos[]sin[ 121121 ϕωϕω ⋅⋅+⋅+⋅⋅⋅−= fefe hMLjhMRZ p
IntegratedTransformer
)( 1211 MhLjRIpVpZ fep ⋅+⋅+== ω
CurrentAmplifier
Boot-Strapped Inductor (BSI): Idea
feh ϕje
L ≈ 10·L1
Integrated Band-pass Low Noise Amplifier:Basic Idea
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Boot-Strapped Inductor
Input Stage Buffer Stage
LNA
f0
Vin Vout
Previous works:
Design (HSB2/3)
Chip Test
Re-design
Previous works:
Design (HSB2/3)
Chip Test
Re-design
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
LNA @ 1 GHz:Measure and Re-Design (temperature)
Tuning1,2,3 tre diverse coppie di (Ibias,Vbias)
∆f0< 0.42 %
∆GTmax < 3.8 %
Re-Design (temperature)
NF ≈ 2.3 dB
18 < Q< 33
D.Zito, 27 Novembre 2002, Pisa
Self-adaptive Band-pass LNA for5-6 GHz Multi-standard WLANs
April 29, 2005 - Torino
High-Q LNA with Digital Tuning System
Multi-standard 5-6 GHzWLANs
Digital Calibration(Spreading)
IBM SiGe Contest
(Berkeley, University ofCalifornia)
D.Zito, 27 Novembre 2002, Pisa
Self-adaptive Band-pass LNA for5-6 GHz Multi-standard WLANs
April 29, 2005 - Torino
feh ϕje
eqL
bI
bV
( ), , ,b bI V Tϕ ω( ), , ,fe b bh I V T ω
BSI Modeling and analytic synthesis (LC filter)
f0
Reverse relationships (tuning)
( ) 1,20 b b
eq
f I VL Cπ
=
( ), 0 eqb b
eq
LQ I V
Rω
=
( )0, ,b bI f Q V ( )0, ,b bV f Q I 25< Q <112, ∆Q<35% 5.15< f0< 5.85,∆f0 < 3%
Boot-Strapped Inductor (BSI): “Switching mode”
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
• Switching Mode (ON/OFF) Biasing (IB1, VB2)
• Low/High Impedance (ZIN) High state if CA is ON Low state if CA is OFF
TX/RX Antenna Switch based on BSI: Idea
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Patented Time Division Duplexing
Different linearity constrains (R/T)
Receive Time Interval (RX)
CA OFF in Receiver
CA ON in Transmitter
Transmit Time Interval (TX)
CA ON in Receiver
CA OFF in Transmitter
Not de-embedded from LNA/PA
TX/RX Antenna Switch based on BSIfor 2.4 GHz WLANs (HSB3)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Base Coupled Differential LNA [*] RXTime Interval
ZR = 50Ω
ZT ≈ 2KΩ
PR = ZT/ZR ≈ 40
Insertion Loss < 0.1 dB
Power Switch Capability > -20 dBm
Noise Figure = 3.2 dB
Voltage Gain ≈ 20 dB
TX Time Interval ZR ≈ 2KΩ
ZT ≈ 50Ω
PR = ZR/ RANT ≈ 40
Insertion Loss ≈ 0.1 dB
Power Switch Capability > 0 dBm
*Base Coupled Differential LNA: Aims
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Low Noise Figure (NF) Wide Linearity Range Differential Topology Input Matching (50 Ω)
Bonding wire
inside
*Base Coupled Differential (BCD) LNA
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Down -Bonding to
Ground Plane (GP)
1) ib2 = - ib4
ic2 = - ic4
Single to Differential
No integrated inductors
Differential outputs
Bonding to
Input Lead
2) hfe2 = hfe4
TX/RX Antenna Switch 5-6 GHz:Performance
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
RX Time Interval ZR = 50Ω
ZT ≈ 1020Ω
PR = ZR/ZT ≈ 20
Insertion Loss < 0.236 dB
Power Switch Capability > -10 dBm
Power Consumption = 15 mW
TX Time Interval ZT = 50Ω
ZR ≈ 930 Ω
PR = Rant/ZR ≈ 18
Insertion Loss ≈ 0.585 dB
Power Switch Capability > +17 dBm
Power Consumption = 26 mW
Simplified scheme (resonant)
April 29, 2005 - Torino
TX/RX Antenna Switch (resonant):Performance vs. Specifications (1/2)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Insertion Loss (IL) and Power Ratio (PR) in RX mode
Performance Insertion Loss < 0.236 dB < 2 dB
Specification
TX/RX Antenna Switch (resonant):Performance vs. Specifications
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Insertion Loss (IL) and Power Ratio (PR) in TX mode
Performance Insertion Loss < 1.1 dB < 2 dB
Specification
TX/RX Antenna Switch: Chip (1/2)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
“SwitChIP”
+ 7 dBm
+ 17 dBm
(resonant)
TX/RX Antenna Switch : Chip (2/2)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
“SwitChIP”
• De-embedding
• EM Simulators Test
TX/RX Antenna Switch: Conclusions
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
The feasibility of a Fully Integrated Antenna Switchon standard silicon technology has been demonstratedand Patented (Europe)
The main performances are widely within therequirements of several Wireless LAN standards(ILRXmax = 0.235 dB, ILTXmax = 1.1 dB, @ 5-6 GHz)
The circuits are currently under test for finalexperimental confirmations
Multistandard Transceiver for 5-6 GHzWLANs : other Building Blocks
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Tuned LNA (with notch filter @ fIM)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Schematic (Base Coupled Differential topology)
LNA 2nd fab-run: Performance vs.Specifications
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Performance
25.7 dB
PD=27 mW
NF= 2.6 dB
GT= 17.8 dB
IIP3rd= -8.6 dBm
ICP1dB= -15.8 dBm
< 4 dB
~ 18 dB
> -20 dBm
Return Loss=-21 dB < -12 dBm
Specifications Transducer Gain (GT) vs. freq
Integrated inductors instead of bonding wires used in 1th fab-run
Power Amplifier
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Schematic (2 stages BCD topology)
PA 2nd fab-run: Performance vs.Specifications
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Performance
PD=144 mW
Psat = +12 dBm
GP= 21.5 dB
OIP3= ? dBm
OCP1dB= +10.2 dBm
+17 dBm
~ 30 dB
> +24 dBm
Specifications Transducer Gain (GT) vs. freq
> 30 dBc
Integrated inductors instead of bonding wires used in 1th fab-run
Image Reject Mixer: Building blocks
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Image Reject Mixer (Hartley)
• Double Balanced Mixer• ALO Common Emitter• B Emitter Follower• AIF Common Emitter
Image Reject Mixer 2nd fab-run: Schematic
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
ALO has been revised (not shown in figure)
Buffer stage in AFI (ZL=90-j200 Ω, ZL=100 Ω)
Image Reject Mixer 2nd fab-run:Performance vs. Specifications
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Performance
PD=158.6 mW
NF= 23.4 dB
GC= 5 - 6.84 dB
ICP1dB> -5.18 dBm
< 30 dB
~ 5 dB
> 5 dBm
IMR> 50 dB (90%) > 35 dBm
Specifications 1 dB Compression Point
• ZL= 90 - j200 Ω
• ZL= 100 Ω
April 29, 2005 - Torino
LNA & Image Reject Mixer: Chip 2nd fab-run
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
“IF-Receiver”
Chip 1th fab-run: Chip Packaging
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Bonding Diagram and Electromagnetic Simulations
LPCC (leadless) 48 with Exposed Pad 7x7 mm2
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Chip 1th run: Microstrip Test Board
LNA Test Board
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
LNA (with notch filter @ fIM): chip test
|S21|dB
Image signal attenuation ≈ 55 dB
Power Saving 80 %
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Image Reject Mixer: chip test
Image Rejection ≈ 47 dB
fRF (radiofrequency) fIM (image)
Frequency Synthesizer (by Parma): Scheme
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Multi-standard(Digital selection)
fin = 4 MHzVCO “crossedColpitts”2 PFD: “fine” and“coarse”Mixed simulations(transistor leveland behaviouralAHDL)
Frequency Synthesizer (by Parma): Layout
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
CQFP 44
Frequency Synthesizer (by Parma): Board
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Test Board (Layout)
Frequency Synthesizer (by Parma): Performance
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Tuning (measured) Phase noise
-100 dBc/Hz @ 100 KHz
Frequency Synthesizer (by Parma): test
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Locking
Power Amplifier (by Perugia)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Cascode Emitter Differential Pair (1 stage)
S21 measured
Power Amplifier (by Perugia): Performance
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
DC test 2nd fab-runLinearity range (measured)
Psat = +8 dBm GT= 13 dB OIP3= +18 dBmOCP1dB= +6 dBm PC= 84 mW
Power Amplifier and Up-converter Mixer(by Perugia and Modena):
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
Linearity range (measured)
IIP3= +7 dBmICP1dB= -3 dBmArea= 2.52 mm2
Transmitter
2ndDown-Converter Mixer (by Modena):Chip test
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, DubrovnikApril 29, 2005 - Torino
CMOS Buffer Stage (Bipolar) Performance (measured)
GC= -1 dB
ICP1dB> 0 dBm
IIP3 = +10 dBm
Area= 0.248 mm2
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Remarks
April 29, 2005 - Torino
Dem
odulator
PA
Modulator
Single Silicon Die
RX
TX
f0
LNA
Ant
enna
Sw
itch
RF Front-end for 5-6 GHz Multi-standard WLANs
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Publications and Patentswithin the Project (1/3)
April 29, 2005 - Torino
[1] S. Di Pascoli, L. Fanucci, B. Neri and D. Zito, “Base coupleddifferential amplifier: a new topology for RF integrated LNA”,International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, Wiley,Volume 31, Issue 4, July/August 2003, pp.351-360;
[2] S. Di Pascoli, L. Fanucci, F. Giusti, B. Neri, D. Zito, “Fully integratedheterodyne RF receiver for ISM band applications”, IEEE InternationalSymposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, 2003 (SCS 2003),Volume 1, 10-11 July 2003, pp. 125 –128;
[3] S. Di Pascoli, L. Fanucci, B. Neri, G. Scandurra, D. Zito, “Single chip1.8 GHz band pass LNA with temperature self-compensation”, IEEEInternational Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, 2003 (SCS2003), Volume 1, 10-11 July 2003, pp. 121 –124;
[4] L. Fanucci, A. Hopper, B. Neri, D. Zito, “A Novel Fully IntegratedAntenna Switch for Wireless Systems”, IEEE European Solid StateDevice Research Conference, 2003 (ESSDERC 2003), 16-18September 2003;
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Publications
[5] D. Zito, F. De Bernardinis and B. Neri, “Modeling and Design of aTunable high Q LNA for WLAN”, Proceedings of IEEE InternationalConference on Signals and Electronic Systems 2004 (ICSES 2004),Poznan (PL), 13-15 Sept. 2004, pp.253-256;
[6] L. Fanucci, E. Greco, N. Nardini, B. Neri, G. Scandurra, D. Zito, “5.25GHz Fully Integrated Heterodyne Down-converter with Hi-imageRejection”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Signalsand Electronic Systems 2004 (ICSES 2004), Poznan (PL), 13-15 Sept.2004, pp.505-508;
[7] L.Benedettini, B. Neri and D. Zito, “5.25 GHz SiGe-CMOS 0.35 µmFully Integrated Power Amplifier”, Proceedings of IEEE InternationalConference on Signals and Electronic Systems 2004 (ICSES 2004),Poznan (PL), 13-15 Sept. 2004, pp.509, 512;
[8] B. Neri and D. Zito, “A Novel Differential LNA Topology for ModernWireless Applications”, International Journal of Analog IntegratedCircuit and Signal Processing, Kluwer Academic Publisher, to beconfirmed for publication;
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Publications and Patentswithin the Project (2/3)
April 29, 2005 - Torino
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Publications
[9] D. Zito, F. D’ascoli and B. Neri “A Novel Fully Integrated AntennaSwitch for 5-6 GHz Wireless LAN Systems”, accepted for IEEE ISSCS2005
[10] D. Zito, F. D’ascoli and B. Neri, “High Image Rejection Fully IntegratedHeterodyne Receiver Front-end for 5-6 GHz Wireless LAN”, accepted forIEEE ISSCS 2005
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Publications and Patentswithin the Project (3/3)
April 29, 2005 - Torino
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[11] B. Neri, D. Zito, L.Fanucci, “Commutatore integrato per terminali mobili /integrated antenna switch for mobile terminals”, Italian Patent n.PI/2003/a/000044, 09.06.2003, Università di Pisa;
[12] B. Neri, D. Zito, L.Fanucci, “Commutatore integrato per terminali mobili /integrated antenna switch for mobile terminals”, PCT n.PCT/IB2004/001881, 09.06.2004, Università di Pisa.
Publications
Patents
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Open Projects
April 29, 2005 - Torino
Other Partners (University of Parma, Perugia,Modena and Reggio Emilia)
STMicroelectronics – RFGroup
Ride the Wave (Pisa of University spin-off)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Research Activities
April 29, 2005 - Torino
Low Power Radio (Active Tags for RFID,“Short Range Wireless”, “Consumer”)(Preliminary results: Low-IF receiver for 2.44 GHzPower Gain of 10 dB, Input Linearity range up to -20dBm, Power Consumption of 5-7mW)
Very High Frequency RF Front-ends PRIN2005 (Radiometry, civil and
environmental safeguard, 13 GHz) Short Range Radar (automotive 24/76 GHz) WLANs (17/60 GHz)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Research Activities: Technologies
April 29, 2005 - Torino
Austriamicrosystems SiGe/CMOS 0.35um(fT = 75 GHz, NFmin = 1.9 dB @ 5 GHz)
STMicroelectronics SiGe/CMOS 0.25 um(7RF, fT = 90 GHz, NFmin = 1.6 dB @10 GHz)
IBM SiGe/CMOS 0.18 um (fT = 120 GHz)
IBM SiGe/CMOS 0.13 um (fT = 210 GHz)
STMicroelectronics CMOS 90nm(BiCMOC9, fT = 150 GHz, NFmin = 0.5 dB @ 5GHz)
Conclusions
April 29, 2005 - Torino
RFLab & Partners4 Universities (Pisa, Parma, Perugia, Modena and R.E.)8 Professors, 5 Researchers, 8 PhD Students20 Thesis per year on RF Systems (only in Pisa)
PRIN 2002: Fully Integrated (antenna switch included)Multi-Standard RF Transceiver for 5-6 WLANsPresent and Future Works
Low Power Radio (Active Tags for RFID, “Short RangeWireless”, Wifi, Bluetooth, et al.)Very High Frequency RF Front-end (PRIN2005, ShortRange Radar, WLANs)
D.Zito, ICECS 2002, September 17, 2002, Dubrovnik
Common Research Activities within NEWCom
April 29, 2005 - Torino
Partners interests?
How to integrate the common activities?
Next steps and deadlines?
How to proceed (plan)?
e-mail:[email protected]