Unit2

English around the world

Today, many people speak English as their first,

second, or foreign language. That’s because

people from England started moving from the

16th century. English is changing because of

the place and the time. When English

communicate with one another, all languages

change. From 1765 to 1947, Britain ruled India,

so English became the language for government

and education. English is also spoken in many

other countries in Africa and Asia, such as South

Africa, Singapore. English has been used in HK

since 1842. Today the number of people

learning English in china is increasing rapidly,

and English has become the most widely used

language in the world.

1. 包括 , 包含2. 现在的 , 出席的3. 辨认出 , 承认 4. 命令 , 指令5. 实际上 , 事实上6. 国际的7. 请求 , 要求8. 标准 , 标准的9. 复述 , 重述10.本国的 , 本地的

11. 统治 , 支配12. 本身 , 身份13. 使用 , 用法14. 有礼貌的15. 现代的 , 时髦的16. 词汇 , 词汇量17. 文化 , 文明18. 短语19. 方向 , 说明书

include present recognizecommand actuallyinternationalrequest standardretell native

ruleidentityusagepolite modern vocabulary culturephrase direction(s)

在 ... 中担任角色因为，由于现在，目前即使利用也，还推开别人前进例如在 ... 的末端从 ... 搬到

play a role (part) in

because of

at present

even if

make use of

as well as

push one's way

such as

at the end of

move from... to...

代替以 ... 为基础走近， 上来许多和 ... 沟通携带 ...

动身到 ...

玩得开心

instead of

be based on

come up

a number of

communicate with

take... with

leave for

have fun with

include

The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.

You should include some examples in your essay.

Your duties include typing letters and answering telephone.

你的任务是打信件和接电话。

including / included

The band played many songs, ________ some of my favourites.

Everyone has to go to the dentist, you _________.

including

included

include/ contain

1.This book ________ ten units, _________two mainly revisions.2.The bowl _________ a variety of fruit.   3.The health club ________ a gym, swimming pool , and  locker room.  4.Vegetables _______ a lot of fibres.

contains including

contains includes

contain

include 表示一个整体由几个部分组成，侧重包括者只是整体的一部分。contain 指一个整体包含的内容，侧重“内有”的意思。

The bill includes tax and service ．Try to avoid foods which contain a lot of fat ．

1). The new library will be double the size of the present one.

2). Were you present when the news was announced?

3). This hook was a present from my brother.

4). The president presented a cheque for £500,000 to cancer

research.

5). The film is set sometime between 1995 and the present.

present

adj.

n.

v.

a. 出席的；到场的 be present at b. 现在的；如今的c. 礼物d. 现在e. 呈现；赠送(present sb. with sth. / present sth. to sb.)

a

at present

b

d

ec

All the ______ raised their hands to make Kate their monitor. A. present students B. students at present C. at present students D. students present

If we can overcome our present difficulties, then everything should be all right .

有多少人出席了会议？How many people_____________________________?

我们学习过去，体验现在，展望未来的成功 .We learn from the past, ____________________ and hope for success in the future.

他献给她一束花。He _____________________________________.  

were present at the meeting

experience the present

presented her with a bunch of flowers

recognize • recognize … as/to be

be recognized as / recognize sb to be • (1) – oh , it’s you , I ____ you . • A. didn’t recognize B. hadn’t recognized• C. haven’t recognized D. don’t recognize• (2) she ___ me at the other end of the telephone line,

though we hadn’t seen each other for a long time• A. knew B. realized C. saw D. recognized• (3)I have ___ him for 10 years • A. recognized B. known C. remembered D. met

command

• command sb to do

• The captain commanded that all the soldiers (should) go to the front

• You must obey the captain’s command.

• under one’s command

• He has a good command of English.

• 一坚持 insist

• 二命令 order ， command

• 三建议 suggest, advise , propose

• 四要求 request ,require ,desire ,demand

• request • on/by request 应…的要求• make a request 请求• in request 受欢迎，急需• request sb to do / that (should )+ do • An electrical engineer is ___ in this factory• A. by request B. on request C. at request • D. in request• 我请求他早一个小时来• I requested that he should come an hour earlier

• (1)It is requested that the manager ____ the plan at once

• A. working out B. to work out

• C. work out D. would work out

• (2)_____ be sent to work there ?

• A. Who do you suggest

• B. Who you suggest that should

• C. Do you suggest who should

• D. Do you suggest whom should

• direction

• in …direction / in the direction of 朝…方向• in all directions

• under the direction of sb 在…的指导下• under one’s direction

• follow / obey / listen to one’s direction

• 这手术在他的指导下进行 The operation was performed under his direction

• 请遵照此药的使用说明服药• Follow the directions for the use of medicine

rule n.

a. 规定 , 规则b.惯常的做法 , 习惯 〔 C 〕c. 统治 , 管理〔 U 〕

v. 统治，管理rule a country

as a rule : usually

•As a rule I’m home at six.

The rule is that someone must be on duty at all times. It's against the rule to pick up the ball. He makes it a rule never to borrow money. My rule is to get up at 7 every day.

1. There are many kinds of pollution, ______________, noise is a kind of pollution.

2. Many of the English programmes are well received, _______ Follow Me, Follow Me to Science . 3. Some warm-blooded animals ， __________ the cat ， the

dog or the wolf ， do not need to hibernate.

Many people here, for example, John, would rather have coffee. English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.

such as 用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间 , 后边不能用逗号。for example 强调“举例”说明，一般只举同类人或物中的一个 , 作为插入语用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。

such as / for example

for example

such as

such as

• That is / namely• I have three good friends ,such as John ,Jack

and Tom • I have three good friends , that is , John, Jack

and Tom• 选词填空• (1) Some students , _____ , John , lives in the

neighbour-hood • (2) Only two persons can do the job,____ you

and I • (3) Many great men _____ Lincoln and Edison

have risen from poverty

• such… as such as

• We believe she would be such an excellent writer as Hanhan.

• I never heard such stories as he tells

• He is such a clever boy as everyone likes

• Opportunities such as free travelling did not come every day

• even if / even though• 即使你不喜欢花，这次花展你也不应该错过

• 尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们

• (1)Even if I ___ , I’ll try my best to do it • A. failed B. fail C. will fail D. fails• (2)--- English is becoming so important.• ---- it’s true . Many university classes are taught in

English___ the native language is not English • A. as if B. what if • C. as long as D. even though

Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shouldn’t miss the flower exhibition

He likes to help us even though he is very busy

B

D

because of / because

I went back not ____________ the rain, but __________ I was tired.

thanks to /due to/owing to /on account of

because ofbecause

due to 常做表语，不可放在句首 thanks to 多亏 owing to 由于

• (1) He was late not only ___ his illness but also ____ he missed the train

• A.because ; for B. because of ; because• C. for ; because of D. becaue of ; because of• (2).___ the new policy , we are having a

happy life .• A. Thanks to B.Because C. For D. Thank for • (3) ___ the wise leadership of our Party , we

have achieved great accomplishments during the last 20 years

• A.On account B. Because • C. Owing to D.Due to

• the more … the more• 你卖的票越多，挣的钱就越多• The more tickets you sell , the more money you

will get .• The more vegetables you eat, the better your

health will be.• As far as we are concerned , education is about

learning and the more you learn, ______ .• A. the more for life are you equipped for • B.the more equipped for life you are • C.the more life you are equipped for • D.the more life for you are equipped

• 12.more than

• Peter is more than my classmate , he is my friend. （ not only ）

• She is more than careful in doing things( very)

• The animal is more like a spear than a snake.

• He is more coward than cautious.

• Abraham Lincoln’s whole school education added up to no more than one year

• He is no smarter than me

我们能把礼拜二的会议改在礼拜四吗？

没有鸡了，所以我们改吃鱼。

instead/instead of

3. She didn't answer me,___________, she asked me another question.

1. Lily isn't here. Ask Lucy __________.

2. We'll ask Li Mei ____________ Mary.

instead

instead of

instead

4. He asked me another question ____________ answering me.

Can we change our meeting to Thursday instead of Tuesday?

There was no chicken left, so we had fish instead.

instead of