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Science 4th grade

Saint George's School

Unit 2 - Environments and Feeding

Relationships

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Unit 2 - Environments and Feeding

RelationshipsSubtopics1. Environment

2. Adaptations to daily changes3. Adaptations to seasonal changes

4. Adaptations to feeding

5. Food chains and Food webs

6. Species

7. Inherited vs. Environmental Variation

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1. EnvironmentEnvironment: The surroundings and conditions in

which an organism lives. The same type of 

environment can be found in different regions of theworld.

The conditions that describe an environment can be

sunlight, water, soil, rock, air and other organisms.

Some examples of environments are: dessert,

rainforest, polar, ponds, sea, beach, woodlands,

grasslands.

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Desert EnvironmentA dessert is an environment that receives very little

rainfall. This means it is very dry.

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Rainforest EnvironmentA rainforest is an environment that receives a lot of 

rainfall. This means it is very wet.

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Polar EnvironmentA polar environment is very cold. These areas either 

receive sunlight or shade 24 hours a day because of the earth's tilt.

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Other environments

Pond

Sea

Forest Grassland

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HabitatA habitat is the specific place where an organism

lives. It is like the organism's address.

An organism may live in only some small regions of an entire environment. This map shows where theAfrican elephant lives.

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 AdaptationAll organisms are adapted to the conditions in their habitats.

An adaptation is a characteristic or feature that an organismhas that help it survive in their habitat and environment.

The Saguaro cactus hasmany characteristics thathelp it survive in thedessert.

This characteristics arecalled adaptations.

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Daily changes in a habitat

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2. Adaptations to daily

changes in a habitatThe conditions in any environment vary during a day.

Organisms are adapted to these daily changes in

their habitats. There are 2 main daily changes:

a. Day and Night: During the day there plenty of light

and it is warm. During the night it is dark and cold.

Organisms that are activeduring the day and sleep atnight are called diurnal.

Squirrels are diurnal animals

that live in forests (woodlandenvironment).

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a. Day and Night

Organisms that are activeduring the night and sleepduring the day are callednocturnal.

Owl are nocturnal woodlandanimals.

Exercise (4 min): Writedown 2 adaptations that help

the owl hunt at night.

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a. Day and Night

Owl's adaptations tonocturnal life:

1.Hearing sense developed:face with shape of satellitedisc improves hearing

capacities to hunt prey atnight.

2.Sensitive sight: Owls havesome of the largest eyesrelative to its skull of all birds.

3.Big wings to glide without

making noise and beundetected by their prey.

4.The owl kills its prey by usingits talons to crush the skulland knead the body. Owls

have some of the biggesttalons.

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b. TidesTides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the Moon.

Tides are a daily change in beachenvironments.

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b. Tides

Tides occur usually twice a day but the time and intensity varydepending on the moon and the location of the beach.

Beach organisms need are adapted to the tides.

1. When the tide is in (hightide): All organisms areunderwater.

2. When the tide is changing:

The water pushes or pulls allthe organisms.

3. When the tide is out (lowtide): All organisms areexposed to air and they maydry out.

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b. Tides

Adaptations of seaweed of tidal regions:

1. When the tide is high seaweed floatso that it can receive sun and makephotosynthesis.

2. Seaweed like the rocky shoresbecause the solid rocks give themsomething to attach to during changingtides.

3. Algae loses its moisture during lowtide but yet it remains alive due to theslimy and gooey exterior.

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Season changes in a habitat

Spring

Summer 

 Autumn Winter 

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3. Adaptations to seasonal

changes in a habitatThe conditions in any environment vary during the year.

Organisms are adapted to these seasonal changes in

their habitats.

Winter: During winter there is less sunlight, this means that

plants make less food during winter.

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Plant winter adaptations

Some plants are adapted towinter by loosing its leaves and shutting down duringthis season. Oak tree.

Some plants survive winter as bulbs. Daffodils flower.

Some plants are adapted towinter by producing seeds

that survive winter.Poppy flower.

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 Animal winter adaptations

Write down 3 different waysthat different animals adaptto winter conditions.

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 Animal winter adaptations

Some animals get fatter before winter and growthicker fur for isolation. Reddeer.

Some animals hibernate,deep sleep state, duringwinter. Rodents - groundhog.

Some animals migrate to a

new habitat during winter.Goose.

Some animals change itscamouflage to white colours

during winter 

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Season changes in a habitat

Rainy season

Dry season Orinoco grasslands inColombia and Venezuelaare flooded during rainy

season and dried out duringthe dry season.

Organisms are adapted tothe flooded and dry times of their environment.