Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged?Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged?

Warm-up 9/27/10Warm-up 9/27/10 What does the word periodic/period mean What does the word periodic/period mean

to you?to you?

Open book to p158Open book to p158 Get 3 colored pencils off education tableGet 3 colored pencils off education table

repeating in a predictable pattern

Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged?Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged?

Three main classes of elementsThree main classes of elements

Then within those 3 Then within those 3

18 groups (columns)18 groups (columns)

7 periods (rows)7 periods (rows)

Metal metalloids non-metals

Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged?Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged?

Mendeleev – 1869 (russian) arranged Mendeleev – 1869 (russian) arranged elements according to elements according to atomic massatomic mass

He left blanks in table –predicted presence He left blanks in table –predicted presence of unknown elements – Awesome!of unknown elements – Awesome!

Lothar Meyer – a little lateLothar Meyer – a little late

Moseley – 1913 (british) made slight change Moseley – 1913 (british) made slight change and arranged by and arranged by atomic numberatomic number

Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged? Unit EQ: How is Periodic Table arranged? EQ: Why is Hydrogen in with Alkali metals?EQ: Why is Hydrogen in with Alkali metals?

Warm-up 9/28/10Warm-up 9/28/101) What is group 2 called? Group 3-12?1) What is group 2 called? Group 3-12?

2) What temp. does water boil? freeze? 2) What temp. does water boil? freeze?

Unit EQ:How is periodic table arranged?Unit EQ:How is periodic table arranged?Subatomic particles?Subatomic particles?

Warm-up 9/29/10Warm-up 9/29/10 How many protons, neutrons and electrons does How many protons, neutrons and electrons does

Carbon 12 and Carbon 14 have?Carbon 12 and Carbon 14 have?

Test Next Thursday Oct 7Test Next Thursday Oct 7thth on History and parts of on History and parts of atomatom

Read and take notes on chapter 4 and section 6.1Read and take notes on chapter 4 and section 6.1

Calculating subatomic particlesCalculating subatomic particles

Atomic number (Z)= # protons = # electronsAtomic number (Z)= # protons = # electrons Atomic Mass (A)– often average atomic Atomic Mass (A)– often average atomic

mass equal to # of protons plus # of mass equal to # of protons plus # of neutrons in nucleusneutrons in nucleus

Mass number = protons + neutrons for Mass number = protons + neutrons for specific isotopespecific isotope

Isotope – atom of same element with Isotope – atom of same element with different # of neutrons and therefore different # of neutrons and therefore different mass numbers.different mass numbers.

Video On History of Atom Video On History of Atom

9/29/109/29/10

Einstein and Bohr fight over atomic theory Schrodinger and Heisenberg throw down

Atomic TheoryAtomic TheoryDemocritusDemocritus 400BC– Indivisible and indestructible 400BC– Indivisible and indestructibleDaltonDalton 1803– 1. Indivisible (wrong because fission – 1803– 1. Indivisible (wrong because fission –

splitting atoms and subatomic particles)splitting atoms and subatomic particles)2. Atoms same element identical- (wrong b/c 2. Atoms same element identical- (wrong b/c

Isotopes – atoms same element different mass)Isotopes – atoms same element different mass)3.combine in simple whole number ratios3.combine in simple whole number ratios4. React by combining, separating and 4. React by combining, separating and

rearrangingrearrangingGoldsteinGoldstein 1886 - proton 1886 - protonThomson Thomson 1897- cathode ray tube- discovered electrons 1897- cathode ray tube- discovered electrons

– Plum pudding model– Plum pudding model

Atomic Theory Cont.Atomic Theory Cont.

RutherfordRutherford 1911– Gold foil experiment 1911– Gold foil experimentDiscovered the nucleus and most of atom is empty Discovered the nucleus and most of atom is empty

spacespace

BohrBohr 1913– electrons occupy fixed 1913– electrons occupy fixed orbitsorbits around around nucleus and can jump up or down by gaining or nucleus and can jump up or down by gaining or losing energylosing energy

MillikanMillikan 1916 – found the quantity of charge of electron 1916 – found the quantity of charge of electron and its mass 1/1840 of hydrogen atomand its mass 1/1840 of hydrogen atom

Chadwick Chadwick 1932– neutron1932– neutron

Current model derived with crazy MathCurrent model derived with crazy Math

Quantum Mechanical ModelQuantum Mechanical Model also also electron electron cloud modelcloud model - dense central nucleus - dense central nucleus surrounded by electrons in surrounded by electrons in orbitalsorbitals- areas of - areas of high probability to find electronhigh probability to find electron

Heisenberg uncertainty Principle- can not tell Heisenberg uncertainty Principle- can not tell the position and velocity of an electron the position and velocity of an electron simultaneouslysimultaneously

Unit EQ: Atomic History? Unit EQ: Atomic History? EQ: What is the atom made of?EQ: What is the atom made of?

How can you tell what a star is made up of?How can you tell what a star is made up of? Who helps us figure this out?Who helps us figure this out?

Test/Quiz Next Thursday Oct 7Test/Quiz Next Thursday Oct 7thth on History and on History and parts of atomparts of atom

Read and take notes on chapter 4 and section 6.1Read and take notes on chapter 4 and section 6.1