Unit 4 – Organization of Life Life Science Spring 2013-14.
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Transcript of Unit 4 – Organization of Life Life Science Spring 2013-14.
Unit 4 – Body Systems: Standards
•S7L2d: Explain that tissues, organs, and organ systems serve the needs cells have for oxygen, food, and waste removal.
•S7L2e: Explain the purpose of the major organ systems in the human body (i.e., digestion, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, movement, control and coordination, and for protection from disease).
•Student Learning Map▫TOPIC: Organization of Life
▫KEY LEARNING: The human body is composed of major systems that have differing functions, but all of the systems work together.
▫UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How do the major body systems have different functions yet still work together?
Unit 4 - Organization of Life
•Student Learning Map▫CONCEPT #1: Functions of body systems
▫LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S): 1. What is the function of each body system?2. What are the major organs in each body
system?
▫VOCABULARY: homeostasis, digestive, excretory, cardiovascular, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, endocrine, nervous, reproductive, lymphatic
Unit 4 – Organization of Life
Unit 4 – Organization of Life/Body systems
•HOMEOSTASIS: the maintenance of a constant and stable internal state in a changing environment.
•Example: Your body getting used to the cold water after jumping into a lake.
•Your body must maintain homeostasis in order for cells to get the nutrients and oxygen it needs.
Unit 4 – Digestive System• FUNCTION:
▫Breaks down food so that it can be used by the body▫Works closely with the cardiovascular and excretory
systems.▫Mechanical dig: where food goes(mouth>anus)▫Chemical digestion: food doesn’t go.
• ORGANS:▫Stomach, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, small intestine
• DISEASES/DISORDERS▫Diabetes Gallstones▫Tooth disease Ulcers
Travel Pattern-Flow of Food:▫ Mouth-Esophagus-Stomach-Sm. Int.-Lg. Int.-Rectum-Anus
Unit 4 – Cardiovascular System(Also called circulatory system)
•FUNCTION:▫Circulates blood through the body▫Helps the body maintain homeostasis
•ORGANS:▫Cardio= Heart, Vascular= blood vessels
(capillary, artery –blood away from heart, and veins-blood to heart)
•DISEASES/DISORDER▫Atherosclerosis (heart disease)▫High blood pressure▫Heart attack
Unit 4 – Blood•FUNCTION:
▫Is a connective tissue▫Carries oxygen and nutrients▫Average adult human has about 5L of blood
•PARTS:▫Red blood cells – carries oxygen▫White blood cells – fights pathogens (virus,
bacteria, infection, etc.)▫Plasma - fluid part▫Platelets – found in bone marrow; helps blood to
clot▫Travel Pattern – Blood:▫Veins-RA-RV-PV-LA-LV-Aorta-Arteries (p.607)
Unit 4 – Respiratory System•FUNCTION:
▫Take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide gases
▫Works with cardiovascular & nervous system to get oxygen to the cells
•ORGANS:▫Lungs, alveoli (gas sacs)
•DISEASES/DISORDERS▫Asthma Influenza▫Bronchitis Lung cancerTravel Flow of Air & Carbon Dioxide:Nose-Mouth-Throat-Windpipe-Bronchial tubes-Lungs.
Unit 4 – Nervous System•FUNCTION:
▫Takes in and responds to information▫Two parts:
Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
Peripheral nervous system•ORGANS:
▫Brain, spinal cord•DISEASES/DISORDERS
▫Spinal cord injuries▫Degenerative disk disease▫Concussion
Unit 4 – Skeletal System•FUNCTION:
▫Helps support and protect your organs & body▫Helps muscles to cause movement▫Some bones make blood cells▫Human body has 206 bones▫Provides structure
•ORGANS:▫Bones
•DISEASES/DISORDERS▫Osteoporosis▫Bone cancer▫Any type of fracture
Unit 4 – Muscular System•FUNCTION:
▫Controls movement▫Supported by the skeletal system▫Works with the circulatory/cardio system during exercise
•ORGANS:▫Smooth, cardiac and ▫skeletal muscle
• DISEASES/DISORDERS▫Any tear or strain▫Muscular dystrophy
Unit 4 – Integumentary System
•FUNCTION:▫Covers your body and helps to protect it
▫Helps rid body of waste (via sweat)•PARTS/ORGANS:
▫Hair, Nails, Skin -> sweat glands•DISEASES/DISORDERS
▫Skin cancer▫Eczema▫Psoriasis
Unit 4 – Excretory System•FUNCTION:
▫Get rid of wastes (includes urine, feces, sweat and carbon dioxide).
▫Similar to custodial/clean up•ORGANS:
▫Kidney, liver, large intestine, colon, rectum, skin
•DISEASES/DISORDERS▫Bladder cancer▫Urinary tract infection▫Kidney stones
Unit 4 – Lymphatic System•FUNCTION:
▫Collects excess fluid and returns it to the blood
▫Helps the body fight pathogens (immunity)•ORGANS:
▫Spleen, lymph node, tonsils, appendix•DISEASES/DISORDERS
▫Leukemia▫Allergies▫ arthritis▫Cancer▫AIDS
Unit 4 –Immune System•FUNCTION: Cells and tissues responsible for fighting infections,
disease, and foreign substances. Works with the lymphatic system•PARTS/Organs:
B Cell (White blood cells)- Produce Antibodies (proteins) T Cell (in Thymus gland)–Attack Infected CellsMacrophage cell- digest pathogens (viruses) & activate T cellsPlatelets-Helps blood clot (found in bone marrow)
•DISEASES/DISORDERS Aids (Infects T cells & reproduces) Allergies Rheumatoid Arthritis- attack joints Cancer
Unit 4 – Endocrine System•FUNCTION:
▫Regulates growth, reproduction & controls homeostasis (internal stability) using hormone chemicals made by glands and cells.
▫Examples: reproduction or cell division•ORGANS:
▫Pancreas, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal gland•DISEASES/DISORDERS
▫Stunted growth/reproduction▫Diabetes mellitus▫Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism▫Chapter 25 (p. 671)
Unit 4 – Reproductive System
•FUNCTION:▫Male sex cell is the sperm▫Female sex cell is the egg▫Produce offspring (continue the species)▫Some protists (like paramecium) are one-celled & produce sexually or asexually (alone) using cilia structures for movement.
•ORGANS:▫Ovary, testes, or nuclei (paramecium)• DISEASES/DISORDERS: Aids• Chapter 26 -more detail during Unit 5.
Unit 4 – Body Systems•Tanya went to a restaurant and ate a hamburger. Describe how Tanya used five organ systems to eat and digest her hamburger.
Unit 4 – Body Systems
•Dr. Charles Blagden spent 45 minutes in a room with an uncooked steak. The temperature in the room measured 126°C (260°F). What do you think happened to Dr. Blagden and the steak? Explain your answer.
•Student Learning Map▫CONCEPT #2: Relationship between
systems
▫LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S): 1. Which body systems work together
(closely)?2. How does cell division apply to the body
systems?
▫VOCABULARY: cell division
Unit 4 – Organization of Life
Body Systems – Real World Connections
•Major health concerns for young adults (not in any order).
1. Drug abuse2. Smoking3. Stress4. Teen pregnancy5. Child abuse and neglect6. Alcohol abuse/binge drinking7. Vehicular accidents8. Obesity9. Lack of exercise
Body Systems – Real World Connections
•In your group, discuss the health concern and:▫Identify body systems connected to the concern
▫Explain how the body system would be affected
▫List ways to positively address the concern
Body Systems – Real World Connections
•Websites•http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html
•Referenced Images:https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1366&bih=673&q=digestive+system+diagram&oq=Digestive+system&gs_l=img.1.1.0l10.3914.7372.0.13713.16.8.0.8.8.0.129.607.6j2.8.0....0...1ac.1.32.img..0.16.656.T9hwa6LBsvM#imgdii=_