PPL 20 Unit #3 Discussing Conflict Resolution Anger Management.
Unit 3 Conflict Resolution
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Transcript of Unit 3 Conflict Resolution
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Unit 3 Conflict Resolution
Adversary system Inquisitorial system Alternative dispute resolution
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The Parties to Litigation
Plaintiff (petitioner) Defendant (respondent) Intervenor Amicus curiae (not a party to the
lawsuit)
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Types of Courts
Administrative Trial
• Power to decide issues of fact and law Appellate
• Confined to trial record• Limited to questions of law
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Initiation of the Case
Administrative• Petition
• Administrative fine, Compliance order, Final regulation or determination
Criminal• Indictment by grand jury (Federal & some
states)• Information (Some states, never federal)
Civil• Service of process
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Jurisdiction
As to the parties•Personal•Over property
•In rem•Quasi in rem
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Jurisdiction
•Inherent in the court•General•Limited
•By dollar amount•By subject matter•By geography
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Venue
Convenience•Parties•Witnesses
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Preliminary matters
Standing Mootness Ripeness Discovery
• Written interrogatories• Depositions• Documents & physical evidence
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Pretrial motions
Motion to dismiss Motion for summary
judgment
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Jury selection/Role of the Fact Finder
Petit jury Facts found by jury
•Judge if jury waived•Bench trial
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Standard/Burden of Proof
Most civil trials• Preponderance of the evidence
• > 50% of the evidence must favor the plaintiff, for jury (or judge) to find for plaintiff
• Criminal trials• Beyond a reasonable doubt ( > 99%) to convict
• Some civil matters require a higher standard of proof• Clear & convincing evidence
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Trial Opening arguments Plaintiff’s case in chief
•Direct•Cross•Redirect
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Trial (continued)
Defendant•Direct•Cross•Redirect
Closing arguments
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Post-trial motions Motion for a judgment
notwithstanding the verdict (j.n.o.v.)•Federal: Motion for a judgment as a matter of law
Motion for a new trial
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Judgments and orders Docketing judgment Executing upon the
judgment Enforcement of orders
•Civil contempt•Criminal contempt
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Appeals As of right Discretionary
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Distinction between law and equity
Originally separate courts Law - Relief usually confined to
money damages Equity - Relief usually
injunctive Equitable issues tried to judge
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Equitable (injunctive) relief
Temporary restraining order (tro)•Ex parte•Short duration
Preliminary injunction•Preserve relative position of
parties during litigation
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Equitable (injunctive) relief
Permanent injunction
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Multiparty Litigation
Class action• Many plaintiffs with nearly identical
claims Interpleader
• Brought by a holder of funds not claimed by the holder• Determine ownership• Avoid paying twice
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The Federal Court System
Jurisdiction•Federal question
•Exclusive•Concurrent•Pendant
•Diversity•$75,000 or more•Complete diversity
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U.S. Supreme Court
Original•Ambassadors, other public
ministers & consuls•States
Appellate•All other matters•Usually by writ of certiori
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Other Article III Courts
Circuit Courts of Appeal•4th - NC, DM, SC, VA, WV•Eleven, + DC and Federal Circuit
•11 geographic•DC geographic + subject matter•Federal circuit - subject matter
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Other Article III Courts
District Courts•Three district courts in NC•Original jurisdiction (trial courts)
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Article I Courts
Judges serve for fixed terms Standard of review lower
•De novo, etc. Examples
•Bankruptcy courts•U.S. Court of Federal Claims
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NC Courts
Appellate Division• Supreme Court• Court of Appeals
Superior Court Division• Courts of general jurisdiction
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NC Courts
District Court Division• Civil actions < $10,000• Juvenile matters• Divorce, child support, etc.• Small claims
• $4,000 or less• de novo review available