Unit 1Unit 1The First AmericansThe First Americans

Lessons 1-3Lessons 1-3

1. The study of objects to learn about life from the past

2. A person with no permanent home who travels from place to place

3. The skill of raising plants and animals for human use

4. An object made by people

5. Movement from one place to another

6. The use of scientific knowledge to solve problems

7. To change the way one lives to fit different conditions

A. nomad

B. migration

C. agriculture

D. adapt

E. technology

F. archaeology

G. artifact

Vocabulary

8. A groups’ stories and customs

9. An accepted way of doing something

10. A set of customs that people create over time

11. More than is needed

12. A system of faith or worship

13. A system for organizing resources, such as money and goods

14. A set of activities done for a special purpose

15. To focus on one kind of product or activity

A. custom

B. tradition

C. folklore

D. ceremony

E. religion

F. surplus

G. specialize

H. economy

16. A system of laws and the people who carry them out

17. To talk to and work with others

18. To trade goods for other goods without the use of money

A. interact

B. barter

C. government

Why did members of the Great Why did members of the Great Plains groups have different homes Plains groups have different homes at different times of the year?at different times of the year?

In the ____________, the Great Plains In the ____________, the Great Plains groups lived in ___________ __________ groups lived in ___________ __________ and grew __________. In Summer, they and grew __________. In Summer, they left to hunt ____________ and lived in left to hunt ____________ and lived in _____________._____________.

Springearth lodges

crops

buffalo teepees

Why did American Indians locate their Why did American Indians locate their villages near water?villages near water?

1)1) People and animals need __________ People and animals need __________ to survive.to survive.

2)2) They ate _________ from rivers and They ate _________ from rivers and used rivers for __________.used rivers for __________.

3)3) They used the water for They used the water for _____________._____________.

water

fishtravel

irrigation

Why did some of the American Why did some of the American Indians of the Great Plains Indians of the Great Plains travel?travel?They followed herds of ___________ which They followed herds of ___________ which was their ___________ source.was their ___________ source.

buffalofood

What were the reasons for an What were the reasons for an American Indian group to have a American Indian group to have a celebration or ceremony?celebration or ceremony?

ReligiousSocial

Collection of resourcesCelebration of nature

What role did nature have in the What role did nature have in the celebration of the Iroquios?celebration of the Iroquios?

A.A. stories were toldstories were told

B.B. held large dances that lasted many held large dances that lasted many daysdays

C.C. held large feasts called potlatchesheld large feasts called potlatches

D.D. held harvest ceremonies when crops held harvest ceremonies when crops were gatheredwere gathered

In what ways have the American Indians shared In what ways have the American Indians shared stories about their culture?stories about their culture?

American Indians had storytellers who American Indians had storytellers who knew their ____________. During knew their ____________. During celebrations, most stories were spoken, celebrations, most stories were spoken, ___________, or ___________.___________, or ___________.

folklorechanted

sung

What was the purpose of a potlatch in What was the purpose of a potlatch in the Pacific Northwest?the Pacific Northwest?

It had a _________ purpose. The ________ It had a _________ purpose. The ________ gave away goods to the other members gave away goods to the other members of the village to show how well he of the village to show how well he ____________ the group’s ____________.____________ the group’s ____________.

social chief

controlled

resources

Why was the Iroquois Why was the Iroquois Confederacy formed? Why did Confederacy formed? Why did they meet?they meet?

The Iroquois Confederacy united _______ The Iroquois Confederacy united _______ groups in order to solve problems groups in order to solve problems related to ________ _______, trade, and related to ________ _______, trade, and _______. The council discussed an issue _______. The council discussed an issue until every chief agreed on a until every chief agreed on a ___________.___________.

five

land use war

solution

How did increases in surpluses of How did increases in surpluses of food and specialized work help food and specialized work help American Indian economies American Indian economies develop?develop?

Specialized ________ and food _________ Specialized ________ and food _________ allowed people to trade their goods for allowed people to trade their goods for things they could not make themselves. things they could not make themselves. _______ helped the economies grow._______ helped the economies grow.

work surpluses

Trade

How did interacting within American How did interacting within American Indian groups affect their needs and Indian groups affect their needs and wants?wants?

As people interacted, they were As people interacted, they were introduced to new ______ and _____ . introduced to new ______ and _____ . Trade helped groups meet their needs. Trade helped groups meet their needs. People began to _______ for goods they People began to _______ for goods they discovered through trade.discovered through trade.

goods ideas

barter

Pacific Northwest and Pacific Northwest and Desert SouthwestDesert Southwest

Indian GroupsIndian GroupsGeography

Climate Shelter Tools & Utensils

Food Clothing Technology

Traditions

Pacific Northwest

Western coast of USCanada, Washington, & Oregon

Wet, cold Large cedar, wood plank houses

Finely carved wooden bowls & utensils – spoons

Fish, whale hunted deerGathered nuts & berries

Made from bark

Made canoes that could be 75 feet long

Held large feasts called potlatches

Desert Southwest

Southwest region of the US

Dry, hot Used adobe bricks to contruct villages of large apartment-style buildings

Pottery jarsWoven basketsOvens called “hornos”

Crops: corn, beans, cottonHad to grow their own foodOvens called “hornos”

Trade clothing made from buffaloCotton clothing

IrrigationPottery jarsWoven basketsAdobe

Men wove cotton clothing

Great PlainsGreat PlainsEastern WoodlandsEastern Woodlands

Indian GroupsIndian GroupsGeography

Climate Shelter Tools & Utensils

Food Clothing Technology

Traditions

Great Plains Flat grassland west of Mississippi River

Dry Earth lodges – soil covered dome-shapedLived in teepees while hunting

Buffalo bonesKnives and scrapers

Farmed & huntedBeans, squash, sunflowers

Buffalo skins

Tendons of buffalo used to make strings for bows

Held large dances that lasted many days to meet groups’ spiritual needs

Eastern Woodlands

East of the Mississippi

Wide range of climates

Ojibwa – dome shaped made of bent wooden polesMohawk – longhouses

Birch bark woven or bent into baskets

Rabbit, bears, & deerGrowing crops

Made from buckskins

Birch bark basketsCanoes

Held harvest celebration when crops were picked