Ultrasonic Flow Measurement Principles & Introduction

Series PUX2

Series UXF2

Series UXF3

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Transit Time Measuring Principle

• Clamp-on sensors

• Transit-time difference system

• Principle equation: １ Q = ─ π D2 / 4 * ── * D/sin2θf * 1/(T0-τ)2 ΔT

K

• Q : Flow rate

• D : Inner pipe diameter

• K : Conversion factor

of average velocity

• θf: Incident angle into liquid

• T1, T2 : Transit time

• T0 : Transit time between sensors

when flow is at rest

(≒(T1+ T2 )/2)

• τ : Transit time in pipe walls and

sensors

ΔT=T2－T1

(Note)

Ultrasonic waves are

carried with the motion of

fluid.

Upstream Sensor

Oscillator Wedge Pipe

θf D Q

τ/2 τ/2

T1

T2

Downstream

Sensor

Utilized in Model PUX2, UXF3

Digital sampling of received signals increases flow reading reliability

Synchronized summation of received signals :

- Normal propagation

- Interrupted propagation

Advanced ABM (Anti-bubble Measurement)

Received signal :

t

v

Received signal :

Digital data of

received signals :

t

v

In case of analog system no –

signal, intermittent loss of

receive echo

Summed

128 or 256

times for

one output

flow

bubble

flow bubble

t

v

Nothing!

Result of Bubble Immersion Test

(Note) The flowmeters indicate volumetric flow rate containing air volume.

Models PUX2, UXF3

Velocity [m/s]

Perm

issib

le A

ir V

olu

me

[vol. %

] 12

12

10

8

6

4

2

1

Model UXF2

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

7.0

4.0

1.5

0.4 0.03 0.02

1.2 1.0 0.02

Patented sound velocity compensation – all

models

Changing process conditions (temp/pressure)

change fluid sound velocity (changes results)

Changing temp/pressure can be ignored if sound

velocity is constantly measured and compensated

Sound velocity compensation system tracks and

adjusts “θ” and “τ”

Sound Velocity Measurement System

Upstream Sensor

Pipe

θf D Q

τ/2 τ/2

T1

T2

Downstream

Sensor

Sound

Velocity Cf

Effect of temp./ pressure change

Successive calculation with sensors‘ spacing having no change from the set value

Model Specifications & Applications

PUX2

UXF2

UXF3

• 0.5” – 235” diameter, up to 12% air/solids

• Digital fine filter & correlation

• 12 hour battery, data logger, memory card &

printer (options)

• 0.5” – 235” diameter, up to 12% air/solids

• Digital fine filter & correlation

• Full featured, flexible I/O, IP65 enclosure

• 1” – 24” diameter, up to 1.5% air/solids

• Advanced transit time technology

• Full featured, flexible I/O, highly competitive

PUX2 Specifications

Dwyer Instruments PUX2

Measurement Method Transit Time

Pipe sizes 0.50 to 236 inch diameter

Number of Paths 1 path

Fluid temperature -40 to +80℃/100℃/200℃

Ambient temperature -10 to +55℃ (Printer 45℃)

Air bubble resistance 12 Vol% (at 1m/s)

Accuracy +/-1.0% of rate

Velocity range 0 to +/- 32m/s (105 fps)

Output Analog Output: 1point 4-20mA; Heat Transfer Rate Function

Input Analog Input: 1 point 4-20 mA

Serial communication USB Port (Mini type B, 500kbps)

Key 11 keys (ON, OFF, LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN, ESC,

ENT, MENU, BACKLIGHT, PRINT)

Display 240 X 320 Color LCD

Language 6 languages (ENG, ESP, GER, FRA, JAP, CHI)

Power Supply Built-in battery or power adapter

Built-in battery: L-Ion battery, approximately 12 hours

Power adaptor: AC Power Adapter/Charger 90 to 264V

Dimensions H210 x W120 x D65mm (without printer)

H320 x W127 x D70mm (with printer)

Mass: 1.0 kg (without printer)

1.2 kg (with printer)

Type of Enclosure IP64 (Plastic)

UXF3 Specifications

Dwyer Instruments UXF3

Measurement Method Transit Time

Pipe sizes 0.50 to 235 inch diameter

Number of Paths 1 path

Fluid temperature -40 to +80℃/100℃/200℃

Ambient temperature -10 to +55℃

Air bubble resistance 12 Vol% (at 1m/s)

Accuracy +/-1.0% of rate

Velocity range 0 to +/- 32m/s (105 fps)

Output

Input: 1 digital input, 1 pt. - No Voltage

transistor switch; set zero/reset

totalizer

One 4 to 20mA DC current output…Max. load

resistance 1kΩ

Digital status output: 2 points available - 30V DC,

0.1A…Total pulse, Flow switch, Over flow, Range

change-over, Flow direction, Range over

Mechanical relay: 1 pt available; 240VAC/30VDC-1 amp

Serial communication RS232C/Modbus RS485 option; Baud rate: 9600 to

39400 bps; Distance: 15m(RS232)/1000m(RS485) max.

Key 4 key keyboard; menu driven programming

Display LCD with back light, 16 x 2 lines

Language 5 languages (ENG, ESP, GER, FRA, JAP)

Power Supply 100 to 240V AC 50/60Hz, or 20 to 30V DC

Dimensions H170 x W142 x D70mm

Type of Enclosure IP66 (1.5 kg)

UXF2 Specifications

Dwyer Instruments UXF2

Measurement Method Transit Time

Pipe sizes 1 to 24 inch (plastic pipe); 2 to 24 inch (metal)

Number of Paths 1 path

Fluid temperature -40 to +80℃/100℃

Ambient temperature -20 to +50℃

Air bubble resistance 1.2 Vol% (at 1m/s)

Accuracy 2% of rate (>2m/s), 0.04m/s (<2m/s)

Velocity range 0 to +/- 10 m/s (33 fps)

Output 4 to 20mAdc, 1 point

Digital output: Relay & transistor, each 1 point (scaled

totalizer pulse, alarm, etc.)

Scaled pulse: 1pulse/day to 100pps for transistor output

1pulse/day to 1pps for relay output

Serial communication RS-232C equivalent / RS-485

Number of connectable units: one (RS-485)/

up to 31 (RS-485)

Cable length: up to 15m (RS-232C)/up to 1km (RS-485)

Key 4 key front panel keyboard; menu driven programming

Display LCD 2 lines 32 characters - backlight

Language 5 languages (incl. Spanish)

Power Supply 20 to 30Vdc, 100 to 120Vac or 200 to 240Vac, 50/60Hz

Dimensions Dimensions of converter: H140 x W137 x D68mm

Mass of converter: approx, 0.8 kg

Type of Enclosure IP65 (Plastic)

Type Model No. Pipe size Fluid temp.

Sensor Mount & UXF2 Sensor Selection

SX3-A

UXF2

1 (V-mount)

(V)

4 in -20 +100℃

2 9 in SX3-B

SX3-C (V) 2 12 in

-20 +100℃

-20 +80℃

SX3-D -20 +80℃ 12 24 in (Z)

• “V” mount configuration

• Typical setup; recommended for most cases

having sufficient return signal

• Sensors mounted axially on the same side

• “Z” mount configuration

• Single reflection reduces signal attenuation

• Effective at upper end of sensor diameter range or

specific circumstances to increase return signal

Type Model No. Pipe size Fluid temp.

Sensor Selection PUX2, UXF3

PSX2-B

PUX2

UXF3

1/2 (V-mount)

(V)

4 in -40 +100℃

2 PSX2-A

PSX2-HT

PSX2-D

SX1-A

SX2-B

(Z) 12 16 in

(V) 2 14 in

(V

) 2 14 in

(Z) 12 16 in

(Z) 12 16 in

(Z) 8 236 in

(V) 8 120 in

(Z) 8 (V)

2

120 in

-40

-40 +80℃

-40 +80℃

-40 +80℃

-40

+200℃

SX1-C

(V) 2 14 in

(Z) 12 16 in

-40 +200℃

PSX2-E -40 +80℃ 12

2 16 in (V)

48 in (Z)

SX1-B 12

24 in (V)

48 in (Z)

-40 +80℃

SX2-A 4 in (V-mount) -40 +100℃

14 in

1/2

236 in 8

+100℃

•PUX2

•UXF3

• PSX

• SX1

• SX2

1 to 32 m/s

0 to 1 m/s

Φ12 in.to

Φ24 in. +

1.0% of rate

0.01 m/s

2 to 32 m/s

0 to 2 m/s

Φ2 in. to

Φ12 in.

1.0% of rate

0.02 m/s

2 to 32 m/s

0 to 2 m/s

Φ0.5 in.

to Φ 2 in.

1.5% of rate

0.03 m/s

Pipe diameter Velocity Accuracy Converter Sensor

Accuracy – PUX2 & UXF3

Rated accuracy PUX2, UXF3 :

Reference conditions :

1. Fluid temp : Clean water 4 to 40℃

2. Fluid pressure : Less than 1 MPa

3. Flow : Full-filled, axisymmetric & well

developed turbulent flow

4. Warm-up time : 30 mins.

+0.32

Accu

racy [m

/s]

Velocity

+0.02

0 32 +0.01

-0.01 -0.02

-0.32

2 1

Φ2 in.to

Φ24 in

• UXF2

• SX3-A/B

• SX3-C/D 2 to 10 m/s

0 to 2 m/s

Φ2 in. to

Φ24 in.

1.5% of rate

0.03 m/s

2 to 10 m/s

0 to 2 m/s

Φ1 in.to

Φ2 in.

2.5% of rate

0.05 m/s

Pipe diameter Velocity Accuracy Converter Sensor

Plastic pipe

Accuracy – UXF2

• UXF2

• SX3-A/B

• SX3-C/D

2 to 10 m/s

0 to 2 m/s

2% of rate

0.04 m/s

Pipe size Velocity Accuracy Converter Sensor

Metal pipe

UXF2 Rated Accuracy

Getting Started – PUX2

Setting up

the model

PUX2

• Overview of functions

PUX2 Display & Screen navigation

• Interface divided among 6 selections

• Default view = “measure” screen (below)

To enter the “menu”

screen anytime, press the

menu button

6 menu selections for

setup, configuration,

datalogger, printer, etc.

appear

Getting Started – UXF3

Setting up the

model UXF3

• Overview of functions

UXF3 – Inside the cover, wiring

UXF3 – Installation steps

4 key operation

Additional Installation steps

–Install optional wiring

–Analog output, totalizer, switch outputs

–Program optional functions

–AO range

–Totalizer

–Flow switch/alarms

–Low flow cutoff

–Damping

–Record system parameters

Basic Installation steps

–Install Transmitter wiring and power

–Locate appropriate mounting location

–Set Inch or metric units

–Program piping parameters

–Set main display preference & units

–Install sensor set on pipe

–Verify signal and reading

Green/Red LED indicator on front panel

Getting Started – UXF1

Setting up the

model UXF2

•Overview of functions

- 19 -

Getting Started – UXF2

UXF2 – Primary components - inside

Modular 2 or 3 boards design

–Signal (bottom)

–Power supply (left top)Install Transmitter

wiring and power

–Serial comms (top right-optional)

Primary components & Functions

Key input via front panel

Front Panel LED

–Red/Green LED provides signal Normal or

error condition

UXF2 – Installation steps

Basic Installation steps

–Install Transmitter wiring and power

–Locate appropriate mounting location

–Set Inch or metric units

–Program piping parameters

–Set main display preference & units

–Install sensor set on pipe

–Verify signal and reading

–Recommend Hardcopy of Manual Pages 40-42

Additional Installation steps

–Install optional wiring

–Analog output, totalizer, switch outputs

–Program optional functions

–AO range

–Totalizer

–Flow switch/alarms

–Low flow cutoff

–Damping

–Record system parameters

jumper

Markets & Applications

• PUX2 and UXF3 – Wastewater flow monitoring in wastewater treatment systems and plants – Water flow monitoring at water treatment plants

• UXF2 – Semiconductor – water flow monitoring – Building Automation Systems

• Hot and cold water flow from chillers and boilers

• PUX2 – Building Automation Systems

• BTU Calculations

• In general good for flow monitoring when selling on the advantage of not having to cut open the pipe for installation and also for repair work

Markets & Applications – PUX2 as an Energy Meter for BAS

Markets & Applications – PUX2 Installation

Questions

To order a free catalog or for more information contact; Dwyer Instruments, Inc., P.O. Box 373,

Michigan City, IN., 46361 Telephone: (800) 872-9141 or (219) 879-8000

Fax: (219) 872-9057 Internet address: www.dwyer-inst.com

E-mail: info@dwyer-inst.com