U. S. RESPONSE TO TERRORISM
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Transcript of U. S. RESPONSE TO TERRORISM
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U. S. RESPONSE TO TERRORISM
PART IIIAPRIL, 2013
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“WHAT OTHER MILITARY PROGRAMS HAS US USED…?”
COVERT METHODS 1. “Extraordinary rendition”: secret
programs for secret locations Detainees taken to secret prisons in
Egypt, Syria, Uzbekistan, & Algeria Extreme methods to gather info
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#2 Guantanamo Bay
“Black site” CIA Prisons—Obama
wants them closed
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GITMO
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GITMO PROTEST
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#3: DRONE ATTACKS
UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote control CIA has targeted Afghanistan,
Pakistan, Yemen, & Somalia Since 2004: 1300-2100 militants in
Pakistan killed Large number of civilians killed,
villages attacked
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DRONES
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REMOTE CONTROL
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CONTROVERSIAL
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DRONES Unacknowledged, but known Successful against al Qaeda 2009: 58 attacks 2010: 117 attacks Controversial: a.
civilians attacked & killed b. secret, so difficult to determine legitimacy of attacks—no public debate or discussion
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DRONES
Assassination of terrorist leaders—no prisoners or trials of leaders
Anwar al-Awlaki—anti-US cleric Debate: illegal or legal? Government defense: Military
enemies of USA, threats to US security
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OTHER MEASURES AGAINST AL QAEDA & TERRORISM
ECONOMIC WEAPONS: 1.Clinton: block $ transactions b/ al Qaeda & US companies, citizens 2. Bush: Banks & charities sending $ to terrorists 3. US pressures foreign banks al Qaeda cannot use “normal” banks—uses couriers 4. US: more funding for HEW in nations where terrorism is a problem
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O’Bama—June, 2009
“We…know that military power alone is not going t solve the problems in Afghanistan and Pakistan.”
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Post 9/1 relations b/ US et al.
Uk, France, Russia, et al Diplomatic support Shared intelligence Opposition to war in Iraq Opposition to treatment of terrorists O’Bama has reached out to Muslim
world
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O’Bama at Al-Azhar U, Cairo 6/2009
“I have come here to seek a new beginning b/ the US & Muslims around the world; one based upon mutual interest and mutual respect; one based upon the truth that America & Islam are not exclusive, and need not be in competition. Instead, they overlap, & share common principles—principles of justice & progress; tolerance & dignity of all human beings.”
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Pakistan
US ally Previous support of Taliban Pos 9/11 allowed US troops based in
Pakistan And, US lifted sanctions caused by
Pakistani nuclear test in 1998 Pakistani border: haven for terrorists
—key problem
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Bin Laden His death: problem; increased tensions b/
US & Pakistan Abbottabad: 1 mile from military academy;
40 miles from capital city Pakistani intelligence?? Pakistanis angry that US entered w/o
permission Pakistan: doesn’t feel like an = partner in
fight against al Qaeda & Taliban
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Domestic Security Balance b/ principle & security Department of Homeland Security Created by Bush 43 Response to domestic terrorism Key issues: Civil defense Trade Infrastructure Visitors & Immigration Border Control
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Civil Defense Prepare for domestic attack Stockpiling meds & vaccines Responses to chemical, biological, or
nuclear attack Hurricane Katrina response was
alarming More funding for emergency ops,
communications, hospital preparedness
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Trade
Economic openness International trade: $3 trillion Increased traffic of goods—
complications In a crisis: transportation system (and
trade) was shut down Challenge: how to keep
transportation functioning
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Infrastructure
Transportation Telecommunications equipment Water & power supplies: critical to
sound economy
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Infrastructure
Limited areas: oil deliveries in regional ports
Attack on a port can paralyze US economy
E. G., US Cole in Yemen in 2000 New challenges strain Coast Guard
personnel & equipment
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Visitors/Immigration
2010: 60 million visitors in USA 9/11 hijackers: foreign nationals FBI received info on 2 9/11 hijackers
relating to U. S. Cole—could not find them
INS: no luck No awareness of immediate threat, so
no nitification of FAA, et al
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Visitors/Immigaration
How to keep track of overstay or misuse visa
Need more personnel Need technology that enables shared
intell b/ all US agencies US openness is key to economic
success: immigration brings skills and labor supply
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Border Control
Thousands of miles of borders 350 international points of entry into
USA Vulnerable to: 1) illegal economic
immigration; 2) drug smuggling; 3) entrance of international terrorists
Safety vs. surveillance
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Shared Intelligence
Homeland Security Department works with USICS Customs Service Border Patrol Et al
Need: updated electronic information systems—p. 27
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QUESTIONS TO PONDER
1. Whys has the USA been targeted by terrorists?
2. Why do some think that many Americans will die on American soil?
3. Why and with whom has the US forged many alliances in the war on terror?
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CONTINUED
4. Name 5 domestic issues that the USA faces in the war on terror. Explain 2 in detail.