What Counter-terrorism Strategies Characterize a Constructive and Cost-Effective Response to al...

8/6/2019 What Counter-terrorism Strategies Characterize a Constructive and Cost-Effective Response to al Qaeda-Inspired te

1/26


2/26

2

Mctrakuotmac

[ed purpasd af tems pbpdr ms ta bsodrtbmc ted oauctdr-tdrrarmsg gdbsurds wemoe

brd gast jmndjy ta id iate gard oast dffmomdct bck gard dffdotmvd mc bkkrdssmch ted

tdrrar terdbt bj Rbdkb pasds ta ted Tcmtdk _tbtds (T_) bs wdjj bs atedr omvmj saomdtmds

brauck ted hjaid. [edrdfard, b ibsmo uckdrstbckmch af ted djdgdcts wemoe edjpdk

ordbtd bck lustmfy ted dxmstdcod af bj Rbdkb ms dssdctmbj mc kdvmsmch strbtdhmds ta

oauctdr mts usd af tdrrar tbotmos. Bs suoe, Pbrt M rdvmdws bj Rbdkbs kdvdjapgdct bs b

tdrrarmst arhbcmzbtmac, mts rdjmhmaus bck oujturbj hrmdvbcods, ted rdbsacs wey imc

Jbkdc bck bj Rbdkb ebvd dgirbodk tdrrarmsg ta bkvbcod tedmr pajmtmobj bck

mkdajahmobj bhdckbs bck eaw bj Rbdkb ms struoturdk. Pbrt MM ormtmquds ted dffdotmvdcdss

af ted wbr ac tdrrar bhbmcst bj Rbdkb tdrrarmsg mc iate ted T_ bck atedr rdhmacs af

ted warjk. Pbrt MMM wmjj dxpjard jdss dxpdcsmvd jach tdrg oauctdr-tdrrar strbtdhmds bck

dxpjbmc wey tedy seaujk id usdk ta oauctdr ted bj Rbdkb tdrrar terdbt. [edc, mc ted

Oacojusmacs sdotmac M wmjj suggbrmzd ted oagimcbtmac af oauctdr-tdrrarmsg tbotmos bck

strbtdhmo hda-pajmtmobj mcmtmbtmvds wemoe brd gast jmndjy ta id gard oast dffmomdct bck

gard dffdotmvd mc oauctdrmch bj Rbdkb tdrrarmsg iate mc ted T_ bck atedr oauctrmds.

Pbrt M

Gard tebc 94 ydbrs bha, catdk tdrrarmsg dxpdrt Gbrteb Ordcsebw gbkd ted

fajjawmch aisdrvbtmac biaut webt obusds tdrrarmsg> [drrarmsg pdr sd ms cat usubjjy b

rdfjdotmac af gbss kmsoactdct ar kddp ojdbvbhds mc saomdty. Gard aftdc mt rdprdsdcts ted

kmsbffdotmac af b frbhgdct af ted djmtd, wea gby tbnd mt upac tedgsdjvds ta bot ac ted

idebjf af ted gblarmty ucbwbrd af mts pjmhet, ucwmjjmch ta tbnd botmac ta rdgdky

hrmdvbcods, ar ucbijd ta dxprdss kmsoactdct.2[ems aisdrvbtmac bppdbrs ta stmjj id trud

takby wedc acd dxbgmcds ted ibonhraucks af bj Rbdkbs tdrrarmst jdbkdrs, gast

2Gbrteb Ordcsebw. [ed Obusds af [drrarmsg. Oagpbrbtmvd PajmtmosVaj.2? Ca. ; (2=52)


3/26

9

catbijy, Asbgb imc Jbkdc. Guoe gard rdodctjy, bck stmjj vdry guoe mc jmcd wmte

Ordcsebws aisdrvbtmacs, bcatedr tdrrarmsg dxpdrt, Jaumsd Ymoebrksac, pastujbtds tebt

? dssdctmbj mchrdkmdcts gust id prdsdct far tdrrarmsg ta dgdrhd< 2) B kmsbffdotdk

mckmvmkubj, 9) Bc dcbijmch hraup bck ?) B jdhmtmgmzmch mkdajahy.9

Xedc acd bppjmds iate Ordcsebws prd-bj Rbdkb pajmtmobj tdrrarmsg

aisdrvbtmacs bck Ymoebrksacs past =/22 obtbjahud af djdgdcts wemoe hmvd rmsd ta

tdrrarmsg ta Asbgb imc Jbkdc bck bj Rbdkb, bc bgbzmchjy boourbtd pmoturd dgdrhds tebt _bkkbg wbs emkmch wdbpacs af gbss kdstruotmac (XGKs), tebt tedrd

wbs b oaccdotmac idtwddc bj Rbdkb tdrrarmsts bck ted Mrbq havdrcgdct bck tebt

tappjmch _bkkbgs rdhmgd waujk gbnd ted warjk sbfdr frag tdrrarmsg. Iut ted T_

oaujk acjy prakuod webt gast havdrcgdcts fdjt wdrd qudstmacbijd mctdjjmhdcod rdparts

ta suppart mts ojbmgs af ted prdsdcod af XGKs bck bj Rbdkb mc Mrbq. Bs b rdsujt gast

af ted cbtmacs wemoe suppartdk ted T_ mcvbsmac af Bfhebcmstbc kdojmcdk ta ka sa mc

Mrbq. Tckbuctdk, ted T_ kdomkdk ta praoddk ucmjbtdrbjjy wmte ted mcvbsmac af Mrbq.

Mc fbot, ca XGKs wdrd dvdr fauck mc Mrbq bck suisdqudct mcvdstmhbtmacs

rdvdbjdk tebt T_ mctdjjmhdcod rdparts ac XGKs mc Mrbq wdrd ibsdk ac kmsordkmtdk

rugaurs bck mccudcka. [edc mc Fdirubry af 9008, ted Pdctbhac Mcspdotar Hdcdrbjs

rdpart rdvdbjdk tebt bt emhe rbcnmch Kdfdcod Kdpbrtgdct affmombj, Kauhjbs Fdmte, wea

ebk iddc bppamctdk iy Prdsmkdct Iuse wbs prdkmspasdk ta fmckmch b smhcmfmobct

rdjbtmacsemp idtwddc Mrbq bck bj Rbdkb bck kmk sa ibsdk ac rdpartmch af kuimaus


14/26

2?

qubjmty ar rdjmbimjmty26

. [ed rdpart tedc wdct ac ta stbtd tebt ted botmacs af ted Iuse

bkgmcmstrbtmac affmombj mc ojbmgmch tebt tedrd wbs b oaccdotmac idtwddc Mrbqm affmombjs

bck bj Rbdkb wdrd mcbppraprmbtd iut cat mjjdhbj.

Dvmkdcod af atedr rdbsacs far ted Mrbq mcvbsmac obc id hjdbcdk frag puijmsedk

iaans bck brtmojds wrmttdc iy Iuses fargdr OMB Kmrdotar, Hdarhd [dcdt bck Iuses

fargdr oauctdr-tdrrarmsg ozbr, Ymoebrk Ojbrnd. Mc ems iaan, [dcdt stbtds tebt Vmod

Prdsmkdct Oedcdy bck atedrs wbctdk ta bttbon Mrbq frag ted gagdct Iuse fmrst taan

affmod, jach idfard ted =/22 bttbons. Ed sbys tebt Oedcdy bck atedr bkgmcmstrbtmac

affmombjs bjsa mhcardk ems prd =/22 wbrcmchs biaut bj Rbdkb bck bsndk far irmdfmchs

biaut Mrbq mcstdbk. [dcdt ojbmgs bmkds ta Oedcdy bck Yugsfdjk rdpdbtdkjy strdtoedk

mctdjjmhdcod rdparts bck trmdk ta mcsdrt orbp mcta ted Iuse bkgmcmstrbtmacs puijmo

lustmfmobtmacs biaut wey ted T_ ebk ta mcvbkd Mrbq. [dcdt bjsa boousds ted Iuse

bkgmcmstrbtmac af idmch faousdk sajdjy ac Mrbq bs b terdbt ta ted T_ iate idfard ted

=/22 bj Rbdkb bttbons bck bftdr =/22 mc 9009. Ed catds tebt [edrd wbs cdvdr b sdrmaus

kdibtd tebt M ncaw af wmtemc ted bkgmcmstrbtmac biaut ted mggmcdcod af ted Mrbqm

terdbt car wbs tedrd dvdr b smhcmfmobct kmsoussmac biaut bjtdrcbtmvds ta mcvbkmch

Mrbq bs wby ta oactbmc ted passmijd terdbt _bkkbg Eussdmc gmhet pasd ta ted T_.28

[dcdts oaggdcts brd suppartdk iy Prdsmkdct Iuses fargdr edbk af

oauctdrtdrrarmsg, Ymoebrk Ojbrnd wea wratd tebt> prmar ta =/22, [dcdt wbs vaomfdraus

biaut bj Rbdkb bck imc Jbkdc. [edy (Iuse, Oedcdy dt bj) waujkct jmstdc ta emg. Bck

ed wbs tedmr Kmrdotar af OMB far Oermsts sbnd. Ojbrnd bjsa pamctdk ta ted rdbj rdbsac

idemck ted mcvbsmac af Mrbq sbymch tebt> [ems wbs cat biaut rdpjbomch _bkkbg

26Kdpbrtgdct af Kdfdcsd Affmod af Mcspdotar Hdcdrbj Ydvmdw af Prd-Mrbqm Xbr Botmvmtmds af ted

Affmod af ted Tckdr _dordtbry af Kdfdcsd far Pajmoy Ydpart Ca. 08-MC[DJ-0; (Praldot Ca. K9006-

KMC[02-0088000) Fdirubry =,9008


15/26

2;

Eussdmc. [ems wbs biaut sagd mcsbcd pjat ta rdiumjk Mrbq mc aur (Bgdrmobs) mgbhd.

([ebts wedc) M ncdw wd ebk jast ted wbr ac tdrrar. Idobusd mf yaurd aooupymch bc

Brbi oauctry, yau obct passmijy hbmc Brbi suppart (bhbmcst ted tdrrarmsts).25

[edsd

stbtdgdcts iy ted Iuses tap mctdjjmhdcod bck oauctdr-tdrrarmsg affmombjs ojdbrjy ka

cat suppart ted bkgmcmstrbtmacs ojbmg tebt mcvbkmch Mrbq wbs pbrt af mts wbr ac tdrrar.

Pbrt MMM

_a webt nmck af oauctdr-tdrrar strbtdhy seaujk ted T_ usd ta ijuct ted tdrrar

terdbt pasdk iy imc Jbkdc bck bj Rbdkb1 [a idhmc wmte acd gust fmrst dxbgmcd ted

uckdrjymch obusds af bj Rbdkbs wbr bhbmcst ted T_. [drrarmsg soeajbr Ymoebrk Idtts

catds mc ems 9009 bcbjysms tebt Bgdrmobs hjaibj prmgboy ms acd af ted obusds af tems

wbr bck mt bcmgbtds iate bj Rbdkbs purpasd bck mts oeamod af tbotmos. [ed T_ ms ted

dcdgy idobusd mts gmjmtbry pawdr kagmcbtds ted warjk, supparts oarrupt havdrcgdcts

mc tedmr oauctrmds bck ibons Msrbdj bhbmcst Gusjmg Pbjdstmcmbcs> Bgdrmobc oujturd

mcsujts tedmr rdjmhmac bck pajjutds tedmr saomdtmds> bck Bgdrmobc doacagmo pawdr

gbnds bjj tedsd mctrusmacs bck kdsdorbtmacs passmijd.2=

Idobusd bttbonmch Bgdrmobc

oujturd kmrdotjy ms praijdgbtmo bt idst, tems dxpjbmcs bj Rbdkbs oeamod af ted Xarjk

[rbkd Odctdr bck ted Pdctbhac bs tbrhdts, smcod tedy wdrd sygiajmo af Bgdrmobs

hjaibj doacagmo bck gmjmtbry pawdr. [eus T_ bttdgpts ta usd mts gmjmtbry pawdr ta

tewbrt ted bj Rbdkb tdrrar terdbt ms praibijy ted rdbotmac imc Jbkdc wbs eapmch far.

Oacvdrsdjy, ted mcmtmbj T_ gmjmtbry rdspacsd mcvajvmch ted usd af b sgbjj

cugidr af _pdombj Farods sajkmdrs mc Bfhebcmstbc rdoahcmzdk tebt ]au obct bttbon b

cdtwarn (jmnd bj Rbdkb) wmte b fmdjk brgy. 22 _pdombj Farods B-tdbgs (fdwdr tebc 900

traaps avdrbjj) tappjdk ted [bjmibc bck put bj Rbdkb ac ted ruc. Iut smcod jbtd mc

25Ymoebrk B. Ojbrnd Dpmpebcmds< Ymoebrk B. Ojbrnd Fardmhc Pajmoy Mssud 260 (Gby-Lucd 9008)< 2=

2=Eawbrk & _bwydr< ?88


16/26

24

9002, T_ hdcdrbjs ebvd rdbssdrtdk tedmr prdfdrdcod far imh, ibjny ucmts, fmrst mc

Bfhebcmstbc bck jbtdr mc Mrbq, bck sa takby wd ebvd twa qubhgmrds.90

[ed kdomsmac ta

turc webt wbs b _pdombj Farods oauctdr-tdrrarmsg hudrrmjjbapdrbtmac (wmte jmttjd ar ca

gdkmb puijmomty) mcta b gdkmb edbvy oacvdctmacbj wbr, kmk edjp Iuse wmc pajmtmobj rd-

djdotmac, iut bt b euhd oast mc tdrgs af fardmhc pajmtmobj prdstmhd bck gmjmtbry pawdr.

_mcod Prdsmkdct Iuse bccaucodk ted dck af oagibt apdrbtmacs ac Gby 2st

900?, ted wbr ebs bjsa oast ted jmvds af gbcy Mrbqms bs wdjj bs avdr ;,000 T_ sajkmdrs

bck bcatedr ?0,000 wauckdk bt bc dxpdcsd ta T_ tbxpbydrs af avdr =00 imjjmac kajjbrs

teus fbr. Mc ted gdbctmgd, ted wbr ac tdrrar ebs hrbvdjy kbgbhdk ted Tcmtdk _tbtds

mctdrcbtmacbjjy. Far Gusjmgs, ted smgmjbrmty idtwddc ted rauhe trdbtgdct af Mrbqm

omvmjmbcs iy ted T._. gmjmtbry bck af ted Pbjdstmcmbcs iy ted Msrbdjms ebs pragptdk b

wmkdsprdbk sdcsd af eastmjmty tawbrk ted Tcmtdk _tbtds mc hdcdrbj.92

[ed jbtdst T_

mctdjjmhdcod dstmgbtd, ted fmrst smcod ted mcvbsmac af Mrbq, rdprdsdcts b oacsdcsus vmdw

af 26 kmffdrdct spy sdrvmods mcsmkd havdrcgdct. [ed dstmgbtd bssdrts tebt Msjbgmo

rbkmobjmsg, rbtedr tebc idmch mc rdtrdbt, ebs gdtbstbsmzdk bck sprdbk brauck ted hjaid.

Dxtrmobtmch mts gmjmtbry farods frag Mrbq bck Bfhebcmstbc ms iut acd af sdvdrbj

stdps ted T_ seaujk tbnd bs pbrt af b jach tdrg strbtdhy ta oauctdr bj Rbdkb tdrrarmsg.

Iut rdhbrkjdss af wedtedr ar cat acd bhrdds ar kmsbhrdds wmte ted rdbsacs wey ted

Iuse bkgmcmstrbtmac uckdrtaan ted mcvbsmacs af tedsd twa oauctrmds, wmtekrbwmch

Bgdrmobc farods frag tedsd cbtmacs gust stmjj id kacd mc b rdspacsmijd gbccdr.

Prdsmkdct Aibgb ebs boncawjdkhdk tebt tems gdbcs Bgdrmob gust fmrst dcsurd tebt ted

havdrcgdcts af teasd oauctrmds ebvd ted bimjmty ta bkkrdss tedmr omtmzdcs sdourmty

cddks wmte tedmr awc sdourmty farods idfard Bgdrmob obc idhmc tems wmtekrbwbj.

90Laec Brqumjjb [ed Xbr ac [drrar< Eaw ta Xmc Fardmhc PajmoyMssud 260 (Gby-Lucd, 9008)< ;4

92Irzdzmcsnm < I-2


17/26

26

Mggbcudj Xbjjdrstdmcs bcbjysms af ted Iuse bkgmcmstrbtmacs avdrbjj strbtdhy

ta oagibt bj Rbdkb tdrrarmsts catds tebt> [ed ibsmo praijdg wmte ted Iuse strbtdhy ms

ted vdry bukbomaus bssugptmac tebt ted T_ obc oactraj bjj ted oruombj vbrmbijds mc b

oebatmo warjk.99

Ydoahcmzmch tedrd brd prbotmobj jmgmts ta T_ doacagmo, gmjmtbry bck

pajmtmobj pawdr, Prdsmkdct Aibgb bppdbrs ta ebvd bibckacdk bcy pjbcs ta oactmcud

ted prdvmaus bkgmcmstrbtmacs ucmjbtdrbj botmacs mc fbvaur af b gujtmjbtdrbj bppraboe ta

oauctdrmch bj Rbdkb warjkwmkd. Iut kamch sa wmjj bjsa rdqumrd qumdt kmpjagboy bck

pbtmdcod wedc mt oagds ta hbuhmch ted prahrdss af mts cdw hda-pajmtmobj mcmtmbtmvds.

Oemdf bgach tedsd waujk id b cdw kmpjagbtmo puse ta rdsajvd ted Brbi-Msrbdjm

oacfjmot bjach wmte atedr mcmtmbtmvds ta rdkuod rdjmhmaus tdcsmacs bck bctm-Bgdrmobcmsg

mc ted Gmkkjd Dbst bck ted rdst af warjk. Hdttmch iate smkds ta bhrdd ta b rdsajutmac af

ted Msrbdjm-Pbjdstmcmbc oacfjmot wmjj id kmffmoujt. Catdk soeajbr bck tap T_ Gmkkjd Dbst

bkvmsdr, Bbrac Gmjjdr sbys tebt Mc bc dxmstdctmbj oacfjmot krmvdc iy gdgary, mkdctmty,

rdjmhmac bck cbtmacbj trbugb, ted Msrbdjm bck Pbjdstmcmbc obpbomtmds ta bisari bck mcfjmot

pbmc brd jmgmtjdss. Cacdtedjdss, mt ms gbmcjy kud ta Gusjmg sygpbtemds far ted pjmhet

af Pbjdstmcmbcs mc tems oacfjmot, tebt ted Msjbgmo warjk ebs idoagd b irddkmch hrauck

far tdrrarmsts fudjjdk iy papujbr bctm-Bgdrmobc sdctmgdcts. Gmjjdr hads ac ta sby tebt,

Mc b past-=/22 drb, ted obusd af Pbjdstmcd krmvds rdorumts ta bj-Rbdkb bck edjps

hdcdrbtd jdtebj jdvdjs af bctm-Bgdrmobcmsg.9?

Gmjjdrs oaggdcts teus edjp ta dxpjbmc

wey ted T_s awc mctdjjmhdcod dstmgbtds af ted cugidr af bj Rbdkb gdgidrs warjk

wmkd ebs hrawc frag bc dstmgbtdk 90,000 mc 9002 bt ted tmgd af ted =/22 bttbons ta

99Ndc Iaate bck [mg Kuccd Xarjks mc Oajjmsmac< [drrar bck ted Futurd af Hjaibj Arkdr.Cdw ]arn

What Counter-terrorism Strategies Characterize a Constructive and Cost-Effective Response to al...

Documents

Transcript of What Counter-terrorism Strategies Characterize a Constructive and Cost-Effective Response to al...