SUBJECT- ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

BBA-II

UNIT-II

The overall profile or combination of characteristics that capture the unique nature of a person as that person reacts and interacts with others.

Combines a set of physical and mental characteristics that reflect how a person looks, thinks, acts, and feels.

Predictable relationships are expected between people’s personalities and their behaviors.

Personality refers to the set of traits & behaviors that characterize an individual.

It refers to the relatively stable pattern of behavior & consistent internal state & explains an individual’s behavioral tendencies.

Personality has both internal (thoughts, values & genetic characteristics that is inferred from observable behaviors) & external (observable behaviors) elements.

Personality of an individual is relatively stable in nature.

Personality is both inherited as well as it can be shaped by the environment.

Law of Behavior: “People are different”

To ensure high performing employees in an organization.

To manage workforce diversity.

Summarizing person’s behaviors & attitudes in relation to a wide range of events.

Personality consists of characteristics or traits that describe how people are likely to behave in a given situation.

Personality is useful in predicting & understanding the general feelings, thoughts and behaviors of individuals at the workplace.

Contribution of various personality theories.

Determinants of Personality

Heredity Environment

Situational

Nature: It advocates thatPart of personality finds itsOrigins in biology (heredity)

Nature: It advocates thatPart of personality finds itsOrigins in biology (heredity)

Heredity sets the limits on the development of personality characteristics.

Environment determines development within these limits.

About a 50-50 heredity-environment split.

Cultural values and norms play a substantial role in the development of personality.

Social factors include family life, religion, and many kinds of formal and informal groups.

Situational factors reflect the opportunities or constraints imposed by the operational context.

Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB

Personality Traits

Authoritative

Locus of Control

Machiavellianism

Introverts/Extroverts

Self Esteem

Risk taking

Self-Monitoring

Type A & B

Achievement orientation

Locus of Control

The degree to which people believe they are masters of their own fate.

InternalsIndividuals who believe that they control what happens to them.

ExternalsIndividuals who believe that what happens to them is controlled by outside forces such as luck or chance.

Degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends justify means.

“If it works, use it” is consistent with a high-Mach perspective.

Conditions Favoring High Machs

• Direct interaction

• Minimal rules and regulations

• Distracting emotions

People with a high-Machiavellian personality:

-- Approach situations logically and thoughtfully.

-- Are capable of lying to achieve personal goals.

-- Are rarely swayed by loyalty, friendships, past promises, or others’ opinions.

-- Are skilled at influencing others.

-- Try to exploit loosely structured situations.

-- Perform in a perfunctory or detached manner in highly structured situations.

People with a low-Machiavellian personality:

-- Accept direction imposed by others in loosely

structured situations.

-- Work hard to do well in highly structured

situations.

-- Are strongly guided by ethical considerations.

-- Are unlikely to lie or cheat.

Self-Esteem (SE)

Individuals’ degree of liking or disliking themselves.

Self-Monitoring

A personality trait that measures an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.

High Risk-taking Managers

Make quicker decisions

Use less information to make decisions

Operate in smaller and more entrepreneurial

organizations

Low Risk-taking Managers

Are slower to make decisions

Require more information before making decisions

Exist in larger organizations with stable environments

Personality Types

Type A’s

1. are always moving, walking, and eating rapidly;

2. feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place;

3. strive to think or do two or more things at once;

4. cannot cope with leisure time;

5. are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in

terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire.

Type B’s

1. never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its

accompanying impatience;

2. feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements

or accomplishments;

3. play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their

superiority at any cost;

4. can relax without guilt.

Proactive Personality

Identifies opportunities, shows initiative, takes action, and perseveres until meaningful change occurs.

Creates positive change in the environment, regardless or even in spite of constraints or obstacles.

Personality Types

• Realistic

• Investigative

• Social

• Conventional

• Enterprising

• Artistic

Personality-Job Fit

Theory (Holland)

Identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover.

Person-Organization Fit

Book- Organization Behavior (Stephen Robbins)

www.slideshare.net/mariamnadir1/foundation-of-individual-

behaviour

business.fullerton.edu/management/slpurkiss/MGMT%20340/OB

02.doc

college.cengage.com/business/moorhead/organizational/6e/.../ch

04.html

www.slideshare.net/RahulJha6/foundations-of-individual-beh