Types of Merchant Ships- Introduction-

A ship

Basic vocabulary 1 Write definitions for the words below:

Radar

Pilot house (wheelhouse)

Upper deck

Capstan

Basic vocabulary 1Radar: apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves.

Pilot house: a room in the superstructure containing navigation and steering equipment.

Upper deck: higher deck on a ship.

Capstan: vertical – axled winch that can be used to apply force to a cable, rope, etc.

Basic vocabulary 2Write definitions for the words below:

Hawsehole (hawsepipe)

Anchor

Bow

Bulwark

Flagpole

Boom

Basic vocabulary 2Hawsehole (hawsepipe): opening in the front of a ship for anchor cables.Anchor: a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving.Bow: part at the front of a boat that cleaves the water.Bulwark: protective rim of the upper deck.Flagpole: post used to hoist flags.Boom: post used to load and unload goods.

Classification of ships according to what they carry or jobs they perform

PEOPLECruise linerPassenger linerHydrofoilHovercraft

Passenger Liner

Cruise Liner

Hydrofoil

Basic Vocabulary 3Write definitions for the words below:

Hydrofoil boat

Stern

Stack

Windlass

Basic Vocabulary 3Hydrofoil boat: high-speed ship which lifts

above the water surface at speed.

Stern: the rear part of a ship

Stack (funnel): conical shaped structure consisting of a shaft for ventilation and the passage of smoke .

Windlass: horizontal– axled winch that is used to hoist an anchor.

Hovercraft

Hovercraft

Basic vocabulary 4Write definitions for the words below:

Hovercraft

Rudder

Gearbox

Basic vocabulary 4Hovercraft: transport vehicle that moves on a cushion of air.

Rudder: apparatus for turning the boat.

Gearbox: device which reduces or multiplies angular velocity.

Combined / mixed typesPassenger – Car ferryGeneral cargo shipRo-Ro passenger ship

Ferry

Special purpose shipOil tanker (ULCC, VLCC)Chemical carrier LPG carrierLNG carrierFPSO (Floating production storage and

offloading)

Oil tanker (side view)

Oil tanker 1oil tanker = petroleum tanker

designed for the bulk transport of oil

Basic types:Crude tanker (carries large quantities of unrefined

oil from its point of extraction to refineries)Product tanker (smaller / carries petrochemicals

from refineries to points near consuming markets)

Oil tanker 2VLC – very large crude carrier (200,000 –

300,000 dwt)

ULCC – ultra large crude carrier (> 300,000 dwt)

Chemical carrier= type of tanker designed to transport

chemicals in bulk

has separate cargo tanks - coated

LPG carrier

LNG carrier

FPSO

FPSO= floating production, storage and offloading

used by the offshore industry for processing hydrocarbons and storage of oil

hydrocarbons produced from nearyby platforms are received, processed, stored, offloaded

Special purpose shipContainer shipRo-Ro shipCar carrier Bulk carrier

Container ship

Container shiprapid growth ofcontainer transport

cargo can be transported from customer to customer

TEU (twenty feet equivalent unit)FEU (forty feet equivalent unit)

Ro – Ro ship

Ro-Ro shiproll on / roll off

wheeled cargo (automobiles, trucks, etc.)

ramps

Bulk carrier

Bulk carriercarries unpackaged bulk cargo (grain, coal,

ore, cement) in cargo holds

bulk cargo can be dense, corrosive and abrasive -> cargo shifting ; spontaneous combustion

Basic vocabulary 5Write definitions for the words below:

Navigation bridge

Container

Loading crane

Bulbous bow

Basic vocabulary 5Navigation bridge: raised platform from which a vessel is controlled.

Container: standard sized boxlike object used for transporting goods.

Loading crane: apparatus used to lift and operate cargo (containers).

Bulbous bow: a protruding bulb at the bow of a ship just below the waterline.

Special purpose vesselsHarbour tugOcean -going tugSupplierDredgerLASH shipHeavy-lift vessel

Tugboat

Tugboathighly manoeuverable

powerful for their size / strongly built

Supplier

Supplier= supply ship

designed to supply offshore oil platforms

transports goods and personnel to and from offshore oil platforms

Grab dredger

Grab dredgerused to maintain or deepen channels and

fairways

LASH SHIPLighter aboard ship

Loading of barges (lighters)

Heavy-lift vessel

Heavy-lift vesselmoves vary large loads that cannot be

handled by normally equipped ships

semi-submersible

Special purpose vesselsCablelayerIcebreakerOil drilling vesselResearch ship

Icebreaker

Icebreakerhulls which are strengthened for navigation

in ice

reinforced stem

Fishing vesselsTrawlerFreezer trawlerFishery factory shipWhale shipWhale factory ship

Trawler

Trawlerengaged in all-the-year-round fishing

must therefore be a strong, sturdy vessel able to work in the worst of weather

Freezer trawlercan remain at sea for many weeks longer

than this as the catch is sorted, washed, gutted and then frozen into about 40 kg-blocks and retained at a temperature of about -28°C, until port is reached.

Fish factorythe catch is not only cleaned and gutted, but

also filleted, skinned and processed ready for the market