TYPES OF ENGLISH

Presented by :

Kimberly Teelucksingh

Stephanie Christo

Arlena Beharry

Sarah Nunez

Creole English PatoisSlang

West Indian EnglishForeign English

Radio and TV EnglishRasta English

Profane EnglishErudite English

Colloquial English

THE TYPES OF ENGLISH ARE :

SLANG

ORIGIN

The history of American slang words starts around the 17th century. By the 18th century, the differences between America and other English speaking countries prompted the evolution of slang. For a time, any words not used in Britain were considered slang. Originally considered to be the language of foreigners and criminals, slang began to be used by writers in the 1900s. So the history of American slang words started as America started and continues today.  

DEFINITION

Nonstandard vocabulary of extreme informality, usually not limited to any region. It includes newly coined words, shortened forms, and standard words used playfully out of their usual context.

  Very informal usage in vocabulary and idiom that is

characteristically more  metaphorical, playful, elliptical, vivid, and ephemeral than ordinary language, as Hit the  road.

EXAMPLES

My bad - If a teen has made a mistake, the phrase “my bad” is frequently employed as a cover. It means what it appears to mean: “I was bad!”

Blingin - Shining because you are wearing so much jewelry.  "Check you out David, you blingin tonight.“

   Cool wit dat - I'm o.k. with that.  

WEST INDIAN ENGLISH

ORIGIN

The name “ Caribbean” is name dafter the Caribs –one of the dominant Amerindian groups in the region at the time of European contact during the late 15th Century.

The term “ West Indies” originates from Christopher Columbus’ idea that he had landed in the Indies ( then meaning all of South – East Asia) when he had actually reached the Americas.

DEFINITION

West Indian English is defined as a term used to summarize the variety of different dialects of English practiced throughout Caribbean territories.

West Indian English can also be referred to as “ Caribbean English”. This is true because the words “ Caribbean” and “West Indian” can be used interchangeably to refer to the same region.

Unlike Creole English, the words used in West Indian English are regarded as Standard English.

FOREIGN ENGLISH

ORIGIN

There are many words belonging to different language backgrounds(origins);

To name a few: -Spanish -Italian -Portuguese -Korean -French -Hindi -German -Hebrew

DEFINITION

Foreign English refers to the presence, in the Caribbean, of the variety of English spoken in Britain, America and Canada. However, it is not only produced by foreigners. Many Caribbean people will imitate a British accent on the north coast of the island. The result is that many Jamaicans have developed an acute facility in moving from one type of English to another.

EXAMPLES Déjà vu: (French) is the experience of

perceiving a new situation as if it had occurred before.

Aright (ah-rite)- All right, sure, yes, okay.

RASTA ENGLISH

The Rastafarian Language was originated in Jamaica.

ORIGIN

 The language of Rastafari is Jamaican Creole

modified to reflect the philosophy of the Rasta. There are at least three processes of word formation within the Rastafarian lexicon. The syntax of Jamaican Creole is left intact except for the substitution of the form I or I and I for the Jamaican pronoun, me. The reason for this change is not entirely to do with syntax. The sound [ai] is important in the speech of the Rastafari. It is a sound with a positive force. In the pure Jamaican Creole, the first person singular in all its cases is expressed by the pronoun, me: Me have me book.

DEFINITION

Bredda- Brother. A go (ah go)- To go or will go. Mi a go a door.

(I am going outside)

An- (ahn) And.

EXAMPLES

PROFANE ENGLISH

Definition

Profane English is defined as English that can be characterized by profanity or cursing.

It is a word , expression, gesture or other social behaviour which is socially constructed or interpreted as insulting, rude, vulgar, desecrating or showing disrespect

When we say something is profane, we say that it is:

marked by contempt or irreverence for what is sacred

non-religious in subject matter, form, or use

not admitted into a body of secret knowledge or ritual

Vulgar or coarse

COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH

Origin

Colloquial language originated in the United States.

Definition of colloquial language

Colloquial language refers to the choice of vocabulary and grammar that people use to speak to each other on an informal basis, usually between people who are more familiar or in situations that do not require elevated language. It is differentiated from language used in more formal settings such as at the workplace. Colloquialisms are particular identifiable expressions that are used in informal speech.

Examples Colloquial refers to ways things are said in a local area, which

might be different to other parts. It is a local slang. An example of colloquial diction in a literary piece can be seen in Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn, where the main characters Huck and especially Jim (the black slave) speak using slang.

  A really good example would be to look at the way different people

refer to carbonated drinks - in the US; we can tell where you are from by how you ask for your beverage! People in the northeastern and middle states call it "pop," while people in the western states say "soda." People in the south ask for a "coke" or for "dope!"

a) "I'M COLD!"-> 1. "I'm freezing!"-> 2. "I'm burning up!"-> 3. "I'm a popsicle!" (US) ETC……

Other examples could be found at http://www.tolearnenglish.com/free/argot/2g.php

ERUDITE ENGLISH

Erudite language was first used in the 15th

century and comes from the from Latin word eruditus, from past participle of erudire to instruct.

 

ORIGIN

Erudite language may basically be defined as factual language or

writing based on knowledge or scholastic research. Erudite English contains features clearly suggesting the speaker is

quite skillful with words, phrases and idioms, especially older and foreign ones. Erudite English embraces performance, biblical and proverbial English.

The sole intention of the speaker is to impress by sound, length or unusual combinations of words. The listener most often does not seek any great meaning or philosophical content, but reacts as one normally does to poetry and music. Meetings, religious services, songs or social functions were most often the contexts for the use of extreme forms of performance English. At these events, the speeches would contain long sentences with many Latin and Greek words and biblical phrases.

DEFINITION

Erudite writing may include the frequent usage of

many “million dollar words” and quotes to support given thesis in articles and research papers. The following is an example of erudite writing: Fluency leads to higher judgments’ of truth (Reber & Schwarz, 1999), confidence (Norwick & Epley,2002), frequency (Tversky & Kahneman, 1973), fame (Jacoby, Kelley, Brown, &Jasechko, 1989), and even liking (Reber, Winkielman, & Schwarz, 1998). Furthermore, the effects of fluency are strongest when the fluency is discrepant—when the amount of experienced fluency is surprising (Whittlesea & Williams, 2001a, 2001b).

This demonstrates Erudite writing as almost everything the author says is supported by books.

EXAMPLES

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