Types of Chemical Types of Chemical ReactionsReactions

Unit 5AUnit 5A

Synthesis ReactionSynthesis Reaction

2 or more substances combining to 2 or more substances combining to form a single compoundform a single compound

A + B A + B → AB→ AB

NN22(g) + 3H(g) + 3H22(g) → 2NH(g) → 2NH33(g)(g)

Decomposition ReactionDecomposition Reaction

A single reactant breaks down into A single reactant breaks down into simpler substances.simpler substances.

CD CD → C + D→ C + D

2H2H22OO22(l) → 2H(l) → 2H22O(l) + OO(l) + O22(g)(g)

Single- replacement ReactionSingle- replacement Reaction

An element replaces another in an ionic An element replaces another in an ionic compound.compound.

E + FG E + FG → F + EG→ F + EG L + JK → K + JLL + JK → K + JL

2Na(s) + MgCl2Na(s) + MgCl22(aq) → Mg(s) + 2NaCl(aq)(aq) → Mg(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

2F2F22(g) + 2FeBr(g) + 2FeBr33(aq) → 3Br(aq) → 3Br22(l) + 2FeF(l) + 2FeF22(aq)(aq)

Single- replacement Single- replacement ReactionsReactions

Only occur if the element doing the Only occur if the element doing the replacing is more active (reactive) replacing is more active (reactive) than the other element!than the other element!

Activity Series of the Elements

METALS NON-METALS (halogens) Lithium FluorinePotassium ChlorineCalcium BromineSodium Iodine MagnesiumAluminumZincChromiumIronNickelTinLead“Hydrogen”CopperMercurySilverPlatinum

Each element can replace all the other elements below it!

Double- replacement Double- replacement ReactionsReactions

The cations of 2 ionic compounds The cations of 2 ionic compounds exchange anions.exchange anions.

QR + ST QR + ST →→ QT + SR QT + SR

BaBrBaBr22(aq) + 2AgNO(aq) + 2AgNO33(aq) (aq) →→ Ba(NO Ba(NO33))22(aq) + (aq) + 2AgBr(s)2AgBr(s)

Combustion ReactionCombustion Reaction

A hydrocarbon is burned with oxygen A hydrocarbon is burned with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and to produce carbon dioxide, water and light/ heat.light/ heat.

CCxxHHyy + O + O22(g) (g) →→ CO CO22(g) + H(g) + H22O(g)O(g)

2C2C44HH1010(l) (l) + 13O+ 13O22(g) (g) →→ 8CO 8CO22(g) + 10H(g) + 10H22O(g)O(g)

2C2C22HH55OH(l) OH(l) + 7O+ 7O22(g) (g) →→ 4CO 4CO22(g) + 6H(g) + 6H22O(g)O(g)