Type I Fire Resistive Type II Noncombustible Type III Ordinary Type IV Heavy Timber Type V...

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Transcript of Type I Fire Resistive Type II Noncombustible Type III Ordinary Type IV Heavy Timber Type V...

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

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Construction Classifications

Type I Fire Resistive Type II Noncombustible Type III Ordinary Type IV Heavy Timber Type V Wood-Frame

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Type I Fire Resistive

Maintains structural integrity thus allowing occupants to exit

Consists mainly of reinforced concrete Structural members(walls, columns,

beams, floors, roof) protected by blown on insulation or automatic sprinklers

Fire-resistive compartmentation

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Parking Garage

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Primary Hazards

Contents of the structure Interior finishes Difficult to ventilate Difficult to breach for access or escape

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Type IINon-Combustible

Same as Type I, except that structural components lack the insulation or other protection.

All metal buildings fall into this classification

Materials without fire resistive ratings may be used in limited quantities

Often have flat, built up roofs

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Warehouse / Storage Facilities

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Primary Hazards

Contents of structure Interior finishes Fire extension to the roof can eventually

cause the entire roof to fail Unprotected structural steel components

may fail due to heat

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Type IIIOrdinary

Exterior walls or structural members are made of non-combustible or limited combustible materials

Interior structural members are completely or partially made of wood

Relatively easy to vertically ventilate Resists fire spread from the outside For instance… This station.

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Most buildings in downtown Enumclaw

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Primary Hazards

Fire spreads through concealed spaces Interior structural members vulnerable to

fire Susceptible to water damage

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Type IVHeavy Timber

Interior and exterior walls made of non-combustible or limited combustible materials

Other interior structural members are made of solid or laminated wood with no concealed spaces

Used in old factories, mills, warehouses, and old churches… ski lodges… log homes etc.

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Heavy Timber

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Primary Hazards

Massive amount of combustible contents can produce massive amounts of heat

Susceptible to fire spread from the outside

Susceptible to water damage

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Type VWood Frame

Structural components are made completely or partially of wood or other approved materials

Commonly used to construct typical single family residences and apartment buildings up to seven stories.

Easily breached for access, ventilation, or escape

Resistant to collapse from earthquake

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Single Family Residence

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Primary Hazards

Susceptible to fire spread from the outside and in.

Susceptible to total collapse due to fire or explosion

Contents of structure (Furniture, Carpet etc. burn hot and produce large amounts of toxins

Lightweight wooden trusses

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Non-Standard Construction

Many parts of North America allow non-standard buildings to be constructed under certain circumstances.

Structures do not conform to any of the standard construction types

Usually found on large properties in remote areas

One example is “hay bale construction” Name another non-standard construction

example…?

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Firefighter hazards related to building construction

Fire Loading Combustible furnishings and finishes Roof coverings Wooden floors and ceilings Large open spaces Building collapse

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Construction Terminology

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Assembly

Two or more interconnected structural components combined to meet a specific

design function or design requirement

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Balloon Frame Construction

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Bowstring Truss

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Sweet Potato Fries

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Bar Joist

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Beam

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Butterfly Roof

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Cantilever

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OSB (Oriented Strand Board)

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Flying Suit

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Chord

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Cockloft

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Column

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Compression

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Course

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Curtain Board / Wall

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Decking

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Drywall

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Eave

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Orange Flavored Drinks

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Engineered I-Beam

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Fire Door

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Fire Load

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Fire Wall

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Flat Roof

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Kool-Aid Man

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Gable Roof

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Gable Wall

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Gambrel Roof

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Girder

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Snack - Pack

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Glue-Lam Beam

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Gusset Plate

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Header Cousre

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Hipped Roof

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He-Man & Skelator

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HVAC

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Interstitial Space

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Joists

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Spam

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Lamella Arch

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Mansard Roof

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Mortar

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Parallel Chord Truss

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Parapet

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Party Wall

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Pitched Roof

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Snack Food

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Plate

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Platform Construction

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Two Famous 90’s Skiers

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Plywood

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Rafters

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Rated Assembly

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Snoop Dogg

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Rebar

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Reinforced Concrete

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90’s Alternative

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Sawtooth Roof

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Sheathing

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Shed Roof

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Spalling

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Spawning

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Stud

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Tension

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Truss