TRATRAIINNIINGNG in in ORGANIZATIONSORGANIZATIONS

TRATRAIINNIINGNG

Training is typically part of the Human Training is typically part of the Human Resource DevelopmentResource Development. .

The role of Human Resource department The role of Human Resource department is to improve the organization’s is to improve the organization’s effectiveness by providing employees with effectiveness by providing employees with the knowledge, skills and attitudes that will the knowledge, skills and attitudes that will improve their current or future job improve their current or future job performance.performance.

Objectives of TrainingObjectives of Training Orienting new employee to the Orienting new employee to the

organization and their joborganization and their job Helping employees perform their current Helping employees perform their current

jobs welljobs well Helping employees qualify for the future Helping employees qualify for the future

jobsjobs Keeping employees informed Keeping employees informed Providing opportunities for personal Providing opportunities for personal

developmentdevelopment

Effective training produces many benefits for Effective training produces many benefits for

both employees and organization overall.both employees and organization overall. For the employees training creates;For the employees training creates;

Greater job satisfaction and morale among Greater job satisfaction and morale among employees.employees.

Improved self-esteemImproved self-esteem Opportunity to advance in the organizationOpportunity to advance in the organization Increased employee motivationIncreased employee motivation

For the organization, training causes;For the organization, training causes; Increased productivityIncreased productivity Higher levels of customer satisfactionHigher levels of customer satisfaction Improved qualityImproved quality Increased innovation in strategies and productsIncreased innovation in strategies and products Reduced employee turnover.Reduced employee turnover. Enhanced company image Enhanced company image

TRAINING METHODSTRAINING METHODS

TRAINING

COGNITIVE METHODS OFF THE JOB TRAINING

BEHAVIOURAL METHODS ON THE JOB TRAINING

Cognitive MethodsCognitive Methods

Cognitive methods provide verbal or written Cognitive methods provide verbal or written information, demonstrate relationships information, demonstrate relationships among concepts, or provide the rules for among concepts, or provide the rules for how to do something. These stimulate how to do something. These stimulate learning through their impact on cognitive learning through their impact on cognitive processes and are associated most closely processes and are associated most closely with changes in knowledge and attitudes. with changes in knowledge and attitudes. These types of methods can also be called These types of methods can also be called as off-the-job training methods.as off-the-job training methods.

Behavioral MethodsBehavioral Methods

Behavioural methods allow trainee to Behavioural methods allow trainee to practice behaviour in real or simulated practice behaviour in real or simulated fashion. They stimulate learning through fashion. They stimulate learning through behaviour an are best for skill behaviour an are best for skill development and attitude change. These development and attitude change. These methods can be called as on-the-job methods can be called as on-the-job training methods. training methods.

To be effective, training To be effective, training method shouldmethod should

Motivate the trainee to improve Motivate the trainee to improve performanceperformance

Provide for active participation by the Provide for active participation by the traineetrainee

Encourage positive transfer from training Encourage positive transfer from training to jobto job

Provide timely feedback on the trainee’s Provide timely feedback on the trainee’s performanceperformance

Be structured from simple to specific Be structured from simple to specific problemsproblems

OrientationOrientation

Orientation is the formal introduction of the Orientation is the formal introduction of the new employees to the organization and to new employees to the organization and to the job. Orientation answers “what” the job. Orientation answers “what” questions new employees have on the first questions new employees have on the first day of the work. day of the work.

Orientation is a specific tOrientation is a specific tyype of training pe of training which is given to the new employeewhich is given to the new employee

Why Orientation Is Why Orientation Is ImportantImportant

Orientation explains basics – often Orientation explains basics – often provided in an employee handbookprovided in an employee handbook

Rules and policies are often discussedRules and policies are often discussed Makes new employee feel at easeMakes new employee feel at ease Describes the organization – the big Describes the organization – the big

picturepicture Defines expected work behaviorDefines expected work behavior Socializes new employee in company’s Socializes new employee in company’s

waysways

COGNITIVE METHODSCOGNITIVE METHODSOFF THE JOB TRAINING METHODSOFF THE JOB TRAINING METHODS

The LectureThe Lecture Computer Based TrainingComputer Based Training Vestibule Training:Vestibule Training: Simulation Simulation Business GamesBusiness Games Case StudiesCase Studies Role PlayingRole Playing

The LectureThe Lecture

The lecture is best used to create a general The lecture is best used to create a general understanding of a topic or to influence attitudes understanding of a topic or to influence attitudes through education about a topic. through education about a topic.

TThe most common form of off-the-job training is he most common form of off-the-job training is the oral presentation of information to an the oral presentation of information to an audienceaudience

Computer Based TrainingComputer Based Training

Computer based training can be defined as that any Computer based training can be defined as that any training that occurs through the use of computer.training that occurs through the use of computer.

E- E- LearningLearning new ways of delivering training programs new ways of delivering training programs are constantly being developed in the attempts to match are constantly being developed in the attempts to match the high speed at which businesses are moving. One of the high speed at which businesses are moving. One of the new methods of delivering training programs is with the new methods of delivering training programs is with onlineonline . .

Vestibule TrainingVestibule Training:: Simulation Simulation

Vestibule TrainingVestibule Training involves the virtual involves the virtual duplication of work environment in an off-duplication of work environment in an off-site setting. site setting.

Simulation exercises place the trainee in Simulation exercises place the trainee in an artificial environment that closely an artificial environment that closely imitates actual working conditions where imitates actual working conditions where the trainer demonstrates on the same kind the trainer demonstrates on the same kind of machine and using the same procedures of machine and using the same procedures that trainees will use on the job.that trainees will use on the job.

Business GamesBusiness Games

BBbusiness games are another form of simulations that business games are another form of simulations that attempt to indicate the way in an industry, company, attempt to indicate the way in an industry, company, or subunit of company functions. Generally, they are or subunit of company functions. Generally, they are based on a set of relationships, rules, and principles based on a set of relationships, rules, and principles derived from the theory or research. derived from the theory or research.

In this type of training, participants learn how to deal In this type of training, participants learn how to deal with a variety of issues in a simulated business with a variety of issues in a simulated business environment. Trainees are provided with information environment. Trainees are provided with information describing a situation and are asked to make describing a situation and are asked to make decisions about what to do. decisions about what to do. (e.g., (e.g., develop leadership develop leadership skillsskills, , strengthen executive and upper management strengthen executive and upper management skillsskills))

Case StudiesCase Studies

DDentailentailss of series of events, either real or of series of events, either real or hypothetical, which take place in a hypothetical, which take place in a business environment. business environment.

When this method of training used, When this method of training used, participants asked to sort through data participants asked to sort through data provided in the case to identify the provided in the case to identify the principal issues and then propose principal issues and then propose solutions to these issuessolutions to these issues

Role PlayingRole Playing

The purpose of this method is to give The purpose of this method is to give participants a chance to experience such participants a chance to experience such situations in a controlled setting. situations in a controlled setting.

Trainees are provided with a description Trainees are provided with a description of the context usually a topic area, a of the context usually a topic area, a general description of a situation, a general description of a situation, a description of their roles, and the problem description of their roles, and the problem they each face. they each face.

BEHAVIOURAL METHODS BEHAVIOURAL METHODS ON THE JOB TRAININGON THE JOB TRAINING

On-the-job training places employees in On-the-job training places employees in actual work situation and makes them actual work situation and makes them immediately productive. immediately productive.

On-the-job training involve learning by doing, On-the-job training involve learning by doing, relies on demonstration and coaching. relies on demonstration and coaching.

This form helps particularly to develop the This form helps particularly to develop the occupational skills necessary to manage an occupational skills necessary to manage an organization, to fully understand the organization, to fully understand the organization’s products and services and organization’s products and services and how they are developed and carried out.how they are developed and carried out.

BEHAVIOURAL METHODS BEHAVIOURAL METHODS ON THE JOB TRAININGON THE JOB TRAINING

Job RotationJob Rotation CoachingCoaching Apprenticeship TrainingApprenticeship Training IIinternshipinternship

Job RotationJob Rotation

Job rotation is the systematic movement of employees from Job rotation is the systematic movement of employees from job to job or project to project within an organization, as a job to job or project to project within an organization, as a way to achieve many different human resources objectives.way to achieve many different human resources objectives.

Excellent job rotation program can decrease the training Excellent job rotation program can decrease the training cost while also increasing the impact of training, because cost while also increasing the impact of training, because job rotation is a hands on experience. Make individuals job rotation is a hands on experience. Make individuals more self-motivated, flexible, adaptable, innovative, eager more self-motivated, flexible, adaptable, innovative, eager to learn and able to communicate effectively and better to learn and able to communicate effectively and better understanding of strategic issues. understanding of strategic issues.

One of the possible problems with the rotation programs One of the possible problems with the rotation programs will be the cost, because job rotation increase amount of will be the cost, because job rotation increase amount of management time to spent on lower level employees. management time to spent on lower level employees.

CoachingCoaching

Coaching is the process of one-on-one Coaching is the process of one-on-one guidance and instruction to improve guidance and instruction to improve knowledge, skills and work performance.knowledge, skills and work performance.

Coaching is becoming a very popular means Coaching is becoming a very popular means of development, and often includes working of development, and often includes working one-on-one with the learner to conduct a one-on-one with the learner to conduct a needs assessment, set major goals to needs assessment, set major goals to accomplish, develop an action plan, and accomplish, develop an action plan, and support the learner to accomplish the plan. support the learner to accomplish the plan.

Apprenticeship TrainingApprenticeship Training

Apprenticeship is another form of on-the-Apprenticeship is another form of on-the-job training, is one of the oldest forms of job training, is one of the oldest forms of training. Apprenticeship are designed to training. Apprenticeship are designed to provide planned, practical instruction over provide planned, practical instruction over a significant time span. Apprenticeship a significant time span. Apprenticeship were the major approach to learning a were the major approach to learning a craft. craft.

InternshipInternship

Internship are opportunities for students to Internship are opportunities for students to get real world experience, often during get real world experience, often during summer vacations as a part of fulfilling summer vacations as a part of fulfilling requirements for degree programs. requirements for degree programs. Internship are offered usually by organization Internship are offered usually by organization to college students wanting to find work to college students wanting to find work experience. The internship offer precious, experience. The internship offer precious, real life job experience and the organization real life job experience and the organization often get skilled, highly dedicated service. often get skilled, highly dedicated service.

Training For Special Training For Special PurposesPurposes

Global business training samples Global business training samples include:include: Executive etiquette for global Executive etiquette for global

transactionstransactions Cross-cultural technology transferCross-cultural technology transfer International protocol and presentationInternational protocol and presentation Business basics for the foreign Business basics for the foreign

executiveexecutive Language trainingLanguage training

Training For Special Training For Special PurposesPurposes

Diversity trainingDiversity training Better cross-cultural sensitivityBetter cross-cultural sensitivity Results examples:Results examples:

Improving technical skillsImproving technical skills SocializationSocialization

Lifelong LearningLifelong Learning

Lifelong learningLifelong learning provides provides continuing training from basic continuing training from basic remedial skills to advanced decision-remedial skills to advanced decision-making techniques throughout an making techniques throughout an employee’s careeremployee’s career New & old skills alike are learned & New & old skills alike are learned &

updated continuouslyupdated continuously

Managerial DevelopmentManagerial Development

Management developmentManagement development is any is any attempt to improve attempt to improve managerial performance by managerial performance by imparting knowledge, imparting knowledge, changing attitudes, or changing attitudes, or increasing skills with an aim increasing skills with an aim to enhance the future to enhance the future performance of the company performance of the company itselfitself

Managerial On-the-job Managerial On-the-job TrainingTraining

Job rotation Job rotation Coaching/understudy Coaching/understudy

approach approach

Managerial Off-the-job Managerial Off-the-job TrainingTraining

The case study methodThe case study method GamesGames SeminarsSeminars University programsUniversity programs Role playingRole playing In house developmentIn house development

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