TRANSSSIT AND TRAN SIT OORIENTEDRIENTED DEVEL …...WlkblWalkablevsSb b Nihb h d i Atl tSuburban...
Transcript of TRANSSSIT AND TRAN SIT OORIENTEDRIENTED DEVEL …...WlkblWalkablevsSb b Nihb h d i Atl tSuburban...
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S STRANSIT AND TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT:ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT:GETTING THERE FROM HERE
Dena BelzerJuly 15, 2015
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Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview
1. Why Transit, Why Now2 What Value Can Transit Bring to the2. What Value Can Transit Bring to the
Knoxville Region3 Li ki T it d D l t3. Linking Transit and Development4. Emerging Lessons Learned from Transit
and TOD5 Concluding Thoughts5. Concluding Thoughts
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Why Transit, Why Now
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Why is Transit Important for Knoxville - The City and Region Want to Grow “Smarter”City and Region Want to Grow Smarter
Plan ET Community Goals
1 Clean Air and Water 5 Transportation Choices
Plan ET Community Goals
1. Clean Air and Water2. Healthy People3 R i l P it
5. Transportation Choices6. Efficient Infrastructure7 G t Pl3. Regional Prosperity
4. Local Food Production7. Great Places8. Housing Choices
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Plan ET Growth Concept
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Transportation Choice Will Help Knoxville Grow SmarterKnoxville Grow Smarter
Source: KATS Corridor Study Appendix D, TOD Toolkit. 2013
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What Value Can Transit Bring to theWhat Value Can Transit Bring to the Knoxville Region
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Transit Supports Clean Air and WaterTransit Supports Clean Air and Water
Source: http://www.apta.com/resources/reportsandpublications/Documents/greenhouse_brochure.pdf 2008
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Transit Supports Healthy PeopleTransit Supports Healthy People
Source: Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Evaluating Public Transport Health Benefits. 2010
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Transit Supports Regional ProsperityTransit Supports Regional Prosperity
““Every time a metro area added about 4 seats to rails and buses per 1,000 p ,residents, the central city ended up with 320 more employees per squarewith 320 more employees per square mile — an increase of 19 percent.”
Source: Atlantic Cities and “Transit Service, Physical Agglomeration and Productivity in US Metropolitan Areas,” Daniel G. Chapman and Robert B N l d S P bli ti 2013B. Noland. Sage Publications, 2013
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Cities Are Starting to Plan for Transit and Urban Agriculture in Proximity to Each OtherUrban Agriculture in Proximity to Each Other
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Transportation ChoiceTransportation ChoicePeople who live within a half-mile radius are 5 times as likely to p y
walk to a major transit stop than others.
Source: San Francisco Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission
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Compact Development, Like TOD, Supports Efficient InfrastructureInfrastructure
Calgary, Alberta
Capital Costs Operating Costs
Schools
Recreation CentersFire Stations
32% savings13% savings
Water and WastewaterTransitRoadways
Dispersed Compact Dispersed CompactDevelopment Scenario:
Source: IBI – Implications Of Alternative Growth Patterns On Infrastructure Costs, Plan-It Calgary, City of Calgary, 2008
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Great Places Create Great Value, and Transit Adds More Valueand Transit Adds More Value
Figure 1. Office Rent Premiums Associated with Proximity to BART Compared to Areas More than a Half Mile from a Station: East Bay
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Different Development Types Compliment Multi-Modal TransportationCompliment Multi-Modal Transportation
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“Infilling” Neighborhoods Can Also Take Different FormsTake Different Forms
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Linking Transit and Development
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Transit Ridership is Highly Dependent on Land Use PatternsDependent on Land Use Patterns
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Development Near Transit – Transit Oriented Development (TOD)Oriented Development (TOD)
Development located within ¼ to ½ mile of aDevelopment located within ¼ to ½ mile of a frequent transit station/stop (really a district) Located in an area where it is also easy toLocated in an area where it is also easy to bike/walk Serves as an “origin”, a “destination,” or both for the transit system
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There Is No Single Transit or Building Type in TODType in TOD
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Transit Corridors Reflect the Range of Land uses and Densities It’s the Connections that Count!Densities – It s the Connections that Count!
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Employment Destinations Are Essential to Transit Because Commuters Ride TransitTransit Because Commuters Ride Transit
Other
Oth
Total Trips Transit Trips
PersonalWork
School/Church
Social/R ti l
Personal
Other
Social/Recreational
Work
School
Recreational
• By a wide margin, the largest group of transit trips are commute trips• Commuters are key to transit’s productivity• Commuters are key to transit s productivitySource: Pisarski, Commuting in America
22
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Any Transit That Supports Successful TOD is:Successful TOD is:
1. High quality1. High quality Frequent Clean and Comfortable
F t Fast2. Stops/stations that are easily accessible by
biking or walkingbiking or walking3. Connected to employment centers/activity
centers and major institutionsj
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Emerging Lessons Learned from g gTransit and TOD
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Lesson 1: Changing Demographics is Driving Demand For Transit Oriented LocationsDemand For Transit Oriented Locations
76 Million Baby 75 80 Million Millennials The Boomers many of
whom are downsizing75-80 Million Millennials – The newest members of the work force
Almost ½ of All Households are Single People
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This Demand is Generating Price Premiums for Both Residential and Commercial PropertiesBoth Residential and Commercial Properties
Average Rents per Square FootW lk bl S b b N i hb h d i Atl tWalkable vs Suburban Neighborhoods in Atlanta
Suburban “WalkUp”%
Difference
Office $14.23 $18.55 30%
Retail $10.42 $25.71 144%
Rental Housing $13.07 $14.67 12%Housing
For-Sale Housing $60.06 $156.46 161%
Source: Leinberger, GWU School of Business – The WalkUP Wake-Up Call: Atlanta 2013
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And, This is Not Just about “Downtown” LocationsDowntown Locations
Source: Leinberger, GWU School of Business – The WalkUP Wake-Up Call: Atlanta 2013
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The Greenwood Park neighborhood in Atlanta is a transit-i t d d l t i ti i ti f t toriented redevelopment in anticipation of a streetcar
BeforeBefore
AfterFuture beltline streetcar
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This Investment Trend is Happening in Cities Big and Smallin Cities Big and Small
Source: The WakeUp Walk-Up Call: Michigan Metros, Leinberger and Lynch 2015
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Lesson 2: Transit is Not a Silver Bullet, Market Conditions have to be RightMarket Conditions have to be Right
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Lesson 3: More Businesses are Relocatingto Be Near Transitto Be Near Transit
“I think it’s essential we be accessible to Metro and that limits the options. I think as with many other things our younger folks are more inclined to be Metro-accessible and more urban.” - Arne M. Sorenson, Chief Executive, Marriott International. Washington Post, March 2015
“Whil Mi ft d Ni t d h t d i th b b“While Microsoft and Nintendo have stayed in the suburbs, Amazon is building a futuristic new inner-city home. “ – The Guardian, May 22, 2014
“St t F T it h l d T t $600M h b”“State Farm exec: Transit helped Tempe get $600M hub”– Parker Leavitt, The Republic, February 20, 2015
Citrix, Raleigh Rolls Royce, Indianapolis
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Lesson 4: These Other Transportation Systems Also have Economic BenefitsSystems Also have Economic Benefits
Bike Share =Bike Share = Additional $150,000 in rider expenditures (Minneapolis)expenditures (Minneapolis)
Urban Bike “Trails” = As much as $846 million in economic impact(Indianapolis Cultural Arts Trail)
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Lesson 5: Planning for TOD Includes Planning for All Household Income LevelsPlanning for All Household Income Levels
Transportation Costs Have a Significant Impact on total Household Income
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In 1980, Low Income HH Were Concentrated in The Region’s Core Closer To TransitThe Region s Core, Closer To Transit
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Over 20 Yrs, Many More Low Income Households Were Pushed Away From TransitWere Pushed Away From Transit
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Lesson 6: Invest In Good Pedestrian Design Upfront, or It Will Cost You More in the Long Run: A Lesson From PittsburghPittsburgh
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Concluding Thoughts
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Four Important Things To Remember About Transit and TOD as Knoxville Moves ForwardTransit and TOD as Knoxville Moves Forward
1. Transit Investment Leverages Many Other Benefits
2 Th b fit ill b2. These benefits will be greatest if future Development is linked pto transit
3. Planning and i t t b th bliinvestment, both public and private will be required q
4. Being patient!