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Transition to retirement and home-production
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Transcript of Transition to retirement and home-production
Transition to retirement and home productionNon-cognitive skills explain heterogeneous changes in
housework at retirement
Bernardo Fonseca Nunesa
a Behavioural Science Centre, University of Stirling
BSPID, York, 10th April 2015
1 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
2 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
3 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
New retirees increase their housework hours:Personality traits explains heterogeneityAssociated with household and individual consumptionmeasuresBritish data within a potential outcomes framework
4 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Housework at retirementCooking, cleaning, doing laundry and grocery shopping
By doing housework, a retiree:Spends new time endowmentAllocates income to pay for non-substitutable marketgoods and servicesMake a decision related to effort, productivity andsatisfaction
5 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
The economic role of houseworkHome production substitutes market goods and services
By doing housework, a retiree:Spends new time endowmentAllocates income to pay for non-substitutable marketgoods and servicesMake a decision related to effort, productivity andsatisfaction
5 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
The economic role of houseworkHome production substitutes market goods and services
By doing housework, a retiree:Spends new time endowmentAllocates income to pay for non-substitutable marketgoods and servicesMake a decision related to effort, productivity andsatisfaction
5 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
The economic role of houseworkHome production substitutes market goods and services
Big Five domains derived from factor analysis (Heckman, 2011)
1 Openness to experience2 Conscientiousness3 Extraversion4 Agreeableness5 Neuroticism
These personality traits help economists to1 explain the heterogeneity of an average causal effect2 better predict economic outcomes3 design economic policies according to groups’/clusters’
characteristics
6 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Integration personality traits + economics
Big Five domains derived from factor analysis (Heckman, 2011)
1 Openness to experience2 Conscientiousness3 Extraversion4 Agreeableness5 Neuroticism
These personality traits help economists to1 explain the heterogeneity of an average causal effect2 better predict economic outcomes3 design economic policies according to groups’/clusters’
characteristics
6 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Integration personality traits + economics
Big Five domains derived from factor analysis (Heckman, 2011)
1 Openness to experience2 Conscientiousness3 Extraversion4 Agreeableness5 Neuroticism
These personality traits help economists to1 explain the heterogeneity of an average causal effect2 better predict economic outcomes3 design economic policies according to groups’/clusters’
characteristics
6 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Integration personality traits + economics
+O, +E, -A, -N⇒+remuneration(Nandi and Nicoletti, 2009;Heineck, 2011)+C, +A⇒+job performance(Hurtz and Donovan, 2000; Wittet al., 2002)
7 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Personality and economic outcomes
+O, +E, -A, -N⇒+remuneration(Nandi and Nicoletti, 2009;Heineck, 2011)+C, +A⇒+job performance(Hurtz and Donovan, 2000; Wittet al., 2002)
7 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Personality and economic outcomes
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
8 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
Retirement-savings puzzle(Banks et al., 1998)Home production hypothesis(Luengo-Prado and Sevilla,2013)
9 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Housework at retirement
Retirement-savings puzzle(Banks et al., 1998)Home production hypothesis(Luengo-Prado and Sevilla,2013)
9 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Housework at retirement
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
10 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
+A, +C, -N⇒+LS(Robinson et al, 2010)+E⇒+Social activity(Lockenhoff et al, 2009)+C⇒+Adjustment tooptimal level of spending(Hurd et al, 2012)
11 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Personality at retirement
+A, +C, -N⇒+LS(Robinson et al, 2010)+E⇒+Social activity(Lockenhoff et al, 2009)+C⇒+Adjustment tooptimal level of spending(Hurd et al, 2012)
11 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Personality at retirement
+A, +C, -N⇒+LS(Robinson et al, 2010)+E⇒+Social activity(Lockenhoff et al, 2009)+C⇒+Adjustment tooptimal level of spending(Hurd et al, 2012)
11 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Personality at retirement
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
12 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
Longitudinal data from the BHPS (Waves 15-18), aged >= 55:Household and individual characteristicsHours spent on housework tasksBig Five personality traitsTransitions to retirement (group of interest, N=319)Stayed in the labour market (control group, N=3,390)
13 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
DataBritish Household Panel Survey
Longitudinal data from the BHPS (Waves 15-18), aged >= 55:Household and individual characteristicsHours spent on housework tasksBig Five personality traitsTransitions to retirement (group of interest, N=319)Stayed in the labour market (control group, N=3,390)
13 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
DataBritish Household Panel Survey
Longitudinal data from the BHPS (Waves 15-18), aged >= 55:Household and individual characteristicsHours spent on housework tasksBig Five personality traitsTransitions to retirement (group of interest, N=319)Stayed in the labour market (control group, N=3,390)
13 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
DataBritish Household Panel Survey
Longitudinal data from the BHPS (Waves 15-18), aged >= 55:Household and individual characteristicsHours spent on housework tasksBig Five personality traitsTransitions to retirement (group of interest, N=319)Stayed in the labour market (control group, N=3,390)
13 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
DataBritish Household Panel Survey
Longitudinal data from the BHPS (Waves 15-18), aged >= 55:Household and individual characteristicsHours spent on housework tasksBig Five personality traitsTransitions to retirement (group of interest, N=319)Stayed in the labour market (control group, N=3,390)
13 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
DataBritish Household Panel Survey
Potential outcomes framework
∆hit ,S=1 = α + δ + ρΘi + κXit + wt + εit (1)
∆hit ,S=0 = α + ρΘi + κXit + wt + εit (2)
δ = E[∆hit ,S=1
]− E
[∆hit ,S=0
](3)
∆hit = change in housework hours , Sit is an indicator variable=1 for a transition to retirement (and zero otherwise), Θi is avector of non-cognitive skills, Xit is a vector of HH andindividual characteristics, δ is the average effect of retirementon housework change.
14 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Empirical strategy
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
15 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
Average housework change at retirement (hours/week)
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
By gender and household type:
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Average housework change at retirement: robustness checkwith MPS
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Balancing condition: Kernel MPS
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Marginal effects of personality on housework due to retirement
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Predicted housework levels (hours per week):
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Predicted HH grocery shopping bill (scale 1-12):
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Predicted leisure expenditures (scale 0-12):
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Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
Predicted eating out expenditures (scale 0-12):
24 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Results
1 Introduction
2 Housework at retirement
3 Personality at retirement
4 MethodDataEmpirical strategy
5 Results
6 Discussion
25 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
Outline
This paper builds on the literature of retirement behaviour:Personality traits explain heterogeneity;Housework is part of life-time wealth;Older people’s consumption patterns and homeproduction;Beyond gender differences and HH composition.
26 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Introduction Housework at retirement Personality at retirement Method Results Discussion
DiscussionHousework at retirement and personality traits
=-1000pt =-1000pt
27 / 26Transition to retirement and home production
Bernardo Fonseca Nunes
Behavioural Science CentreTwitter: @_bernardofnUniversity of StirlingScotland
Email: [email protected]
www.stir.ac.uk