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dockinfosthe worldwide network of port cities

issue 84, februAry 2013

éDiTORiAL

Editorial director Olivier Lemaire

The Aivp Days held in Barcelona on 13-14 December in cooperation with the port authority and the municipality, under the motto “Transforming ports, changing cities”, was the Association’s fourth major activity in Barcelona since the Second Aivp World Conference was held in the city on 13-14 December 1989. This Meeting was organized around the following work sessions:

1) Passenger transport by sea: ferries and cruise-ships in the city.

2) Port activity, environment, energy and quality of life.

3) Enterprise-driver ports and urban marinas.

4) Movement and logistics: accessibility and port-city connectivity.

5) The coastal buffer zone: new urban environments around the port.

A series of general conclusions may be drawn from the speakers’ presentations and the analyses and discussions during the work sessions, independent of the specific characte-ristics of each of the themes addressed.

The growing importance of some port activities (passenger traffic, cruise-ships, and water-based leisure activities) as well as other acti-vities directly related with these or with urban life (nautical industries and services, logistics, sustainable mobility, alternative energy sources using the sea, and coastal urban projects) may become major sources of new socio-econo-mic dynamics, leading to greater development and quality of life for all port cities. intelligent strategies to promote new functions and uses of ports based on the above activities provide global benefits for the city as a whole. It is not a question of whether one of the principal stake-holders, city or port, gains more than the other, which is in any case frequently impossible to determine, but of promoting both collectively, with their joint identity and the whole range of uses, activities and functions of the port city, regardless of where they are located.

port-city relations do not occur either at specific moments or in closed stages. They are continuous processes over time, implying the need to create, innovate, and formulate new proposals (like the many put forward at this Barcelona Days) so that socio-economic growth and development, and improvements in the quality of life of our societies, do not stop, much less go backwards, especially in these times when many economies are in difficulties.

To ensure future development, it is essential, as many speakers pointed out, to incorporate the concept of sustainability both into the activities proposed and analysed, and into how they are implemented. Only in this way will it be possible to maintain the necessary develop-ments and changes over time without having a negative impact on the environmental heritage which we must leave for the future of our ports and port cities.

Many of the innovative new proposals pre-sented at the 5 Sessions of the Barcelona Days, in the ambit of the various concepts experienced, the projects and proposals to ensure sustainable development in the future, and the management of port-city relations, will be taken up by Aivp to orient the content of future Conferences, Seminars and Meetings.

Joan Alemany lloveraProfesorDoctor en Ciencias EconómicasUniversidad de Barcelona

China, india, Africa, Latin America… For many years Aivp has encou-raged the expansion of its worldwide network in emerging countries and supported local initiatives in port-city development. Stakeholders in deve-lopment in these countries are regu-larly invited to Aivp’s international conferences to present their projects and raise their concerns. There is a growing interest in Aivp’s work and new members have already joined from the southern hemisphere. There are also an increasing number of projects and research streams on the subject of port-cities: a port-city research centre in Costa Rica, port-city Observatory projects in Brazil and China, and working groups in various African associations. There is a notable interest in port-city relationships and many stakehol-ders seek Aivp’s expertise in this area. Naturally, Aivp’s management actively supports these advances and encourages their development through partnership agreements. Established 25 year ago, during which time Aivp has been engaged in on-going international develop-ment issues, the association draws strength from this new global dyna-mic and aims to help each port-city build its future and establish links with stakeholders in port and urban development worldwide. Aivp also seeks to add a more human face to globalisation by enabling stakehol-ders in port-cities to meet each other and talk.

olivier lemaireGeneral Manager of AIVP

transforming ports, changing cities

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the worldwide network of port citiesdockinfos

An intelligent multimodal platformFinanced by the European Union, the object of the Artemis project is the creation of an intelligent logistics platform. it is based on an evaluation of 300 rail, maritime or river terminals, and will identify the best transport alternatives by assessing the criteria of cost, time and CO2 emissions in conjunc-tion.

dieppe south: 39 ha to be transformed

Launched officially in 2011 in an area which was redefined last October, the Dieppe South Urban Development Zone (ZAC) project designed by architect patrick Chavannes covers 39 hectares of port-industrial land. it pre-sents an opportunity to develop a new access to the city close to its historic centre. The project combines port activities with a mixed eco-district for cultural acti-vities, service provision, a hotel, training facilities, and business and residential property. The first residential units were delivered last May.

transport corridors: results of “supergreen”The European “SuperGreen” project, which we reported on in October 2011, has just presented its main results. The bench-marking which has been done certainly shows the difficulty of assessing the performance of transport corridors, but it also allows certain innovative practices and solutions to be dissemina-ted, and recommendations to be proposed for the introduction of “green” logistics..

lyon: towards a smart city

The “Lyon Smart Commu-nity” project, started in the Lyon Confluence district, will enter its operational phase in 2013. The project, resulting from a par-tnership between Grand Lyon (Aivp member) and the Japanese agency Nedo, aims to be ener-gy-neutral by 2030. intelligent buildings, shared electric vehicles, eco-renovation and global energy management for the district are all in the programme.

rotterdam: A new relationship between city and port

The 1600 hectare Cityports pro-ject could have simply extended the first wave of large-scale ur-ban regeneration of Rotterdam’s old port areas. Following the financial crisis, however, a new approach had to be developed for projects of this size. This new approach leads not only to the selection of five zones, each with its own specific development strategy, but also to new forms of cooperation between port and urban authorities.

san francisco: sustainable solutions

The various projects for the San Francisco waterfront which we have reported in the past have put sustainability at the heart of their conception. The “Explarotorium” building will be carbon neutral, mainly thanks to photovoltaic cells and the water in the bay. The America’s Cup pavilion will become a LEED certified cruise ship terminal and will re-use rainwater. The projects for piER 70 will include planning for the rise in the water level predicted for the area. Sustainable solutions to watch.

climeport: good practicesAfter three years of cooperation through the Climeport project, six Mediterranean ports have drawn up a methodology to evaluate their environmental impact. The project also enabled them to inventory the good practices permitting their contribution to climate change to be reduced. Two tools applicable in numerous other ports.

inland ports: a sustainable advantage

Recuperating the banks for tourism, leisure activities and housing: the pressure on the urban ports is always strong. More housing also means more goods to be carried to respond to increasing needs. Faced with the risks of congestion, recourse to the waterways for an urban distribution in the centre of cities proves to be a more and more pertinent solution. New job sec-tors are developing. However this supposes a voluntarist strategy of all the stakeholders concerned.

melbourne: temporary occupations

Following the success encoun-tered in Newcastle, Renew Aus-tralia is repeating the operation in Melbourne and has issued a call for tenders to creators in all disciplines for the temporary occupation of currently empty or underutilised shop premises in the Docklands waterfront piazza sector. An initiative to be watched closely which both opens up opportunities for creators and at the same time enables the sector to be made more dynamic and attractive for the community.

port and environment: the community solutionThe American ports have integra-ted numerous measures to reduce their environmental impact. A wide range of actions has also been undertaken in partnership with the population and economic stakeholders, from the planting of trees with schoolchildren to more ambitious operations. All of this is contributing to strengthen a local community solution which the ports judge to be essential to their development.

port of toamasina: the extension is necessary+67.16% in overall traffic if the first half of 2012 is compared with that of 2011. This growth, supported mainly by containers (+24.2%) and oil (+14.7%) confirms to the port authorities the necessity, or even the urgency, to launch the develop-ment projects for these sectors as for cruises also. The point of view is shared by SMMC, one of the two concessionaires born from the port reform, who ambition to make the port into a distribution port for the vehicles traffic.

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the world bank – A partner for city-port projects: An interview with Marc Juhel, Sector Manager for Transport

The World Bank is one of the specialized insti-tutions developed under the auspices of the United Nations (UN). The World Bank is an essential partner for port cities in helping them to implement

their projects, but its strategy and work in the development of city-port projects still sometimes go unrecognized. In order to find out more, the AIVP interviewed Marc Juhel at the Bank’s headquarters in Washington.

AIVP: the world bank has on many occasions

shown interest in the work of AiVp in improving the

city-port dynamic. in what ways does AiVp’s work

coincide with the current concerns and the strategic

transport and urban development objectives of the

world bank?

Marc Juhel : More than half of the world’s population already lives in urban areas, and the great majority of growth envisaged over the 21st century will take place in the cities of poor, developing countries. The urban agenda must, therefore, form a critical focus for any modern sustainable development policy. At the same time, helping these countries to emerge from chronic poverty requires enabling them to emerge with strong growth. This is the only way to generate the necessary economic benefits. This growth will come largely from increased international exchange of goods, foreign trade and access to global markets: the most important aspects of economic development policies. 90% of trade is still carried out by sea, and this is where urban and transport policies come together. port cities are now not only national platforms for commerce, but often also regional and international ones. The city-port dynamic must, therefore, reconcile the demands of balanced urban development with those of a logistics industry still looking to optimize transport flows in terms of time and expense. This sometimes leads to approaches that conflict with good use of space, and to the need to arbitrate these conflicts in favor of the aims of the city and the country as a whole. The World Bank, when it is able, advises its client countries and their port cities on how to best carry out this arbitration.

AIVP: has the need for urban integration of ports,

both spatial and functional, become an important

criterion for the awarding of world bank loans?

M.J. : The Bank is keen to stress the impor-tance of this spatial and functional integra-tion, which sometimes requires the physical

separation of urban and port traffic flows, but also often offers the opportunity to bring to light the complementarity of port and urban policies, particularly during port extension operations and the updating of economically obsolete infrastructure. As a result, when the Bank is approached in the context of an urban or port development project in a port city, our teams are careful to ensure that this interface, and the issues it can give rise to, are fully discussed.

AIVP: which port city operations in receipt world

bank loans are, in your opinion, particularly symbo-

lic in this regard? why are they notable?

M.J. : The Rijeka1 project in Croatia is a recent example of a port operation which integrates opportunities both for urban redevelopment and for the enhancement of maritime heritage in coastal urban areas. More ambitious, perhaps, is the port Cities Development pro-gram project for the Republic of Yemen which aimed to improve the investment climate whilst encouraging growth and job creation in the three port cities of Aden, Hodeidah and Mukalla. This program, spanning twelve years, started with small-scale investment in infrastructure, followed by the designing of City Development Strategies for each of the three port cities. Later came more specific projects, such as the First and Second port Cities Development projects of Yemen, which helped to implement the actions identified in the Development Strategies.

1 The port and the city of Rijeka are active members of the Aivp.

AIVP: the issue of “sustainable” and “livable” cities

is on the world bank’s agenda. in this context, what

kind of initiatives do you think can be promoted in

the area of city-port cooperation?

M.J. : To make cities more economically efficient and more socially inclusive: this is the main aim in terms of development and the fight against poverty. This task should be seen within the larger framework that the World Bank defines as Green Growth for All. Cities in general, and port cities in particular, are important vehicles for economic growth. As ports are such key instruments for internatio-nal trade, the cities that harbor them therefore find themselves at the forefront of global competition for access to new markets. inter-national financial institutions, when assisting the port cities of their client countries, must ensure that the needs of ports in the interna-tional logistics chain are effectively balanced with the needs of cities striving for socially balanced development. This is the approach of the World Bank.

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helsinki to host the AiVp general Assembly on 13 and 14 June 2013

At the invitation of the port and City of Helsinki, the next Aivp General Assembly will be held in the Finnish capital. The event will be coupled with the next Aivp Days.

While the detailed programme is not yet available, we invite you to mark the dates – 13 and 14 June 2013 – in your diary right away.

Contact : Bruno Delsalle – bdelsalle@aivp.org

the question of risk in port-city projects: AiVp enters a new partnershipA two-day conference on “urban development and risks” will be held in paris in May 2013, targeted primarily at a French au-dience. Aivp has been invited to share its expertise in this area by the Specialised Master’s program in “Territorial Risk Management” at the EiSTi (l’Ecole internationale des Sciences du Traitement de l’information).

Following discussions between Aivp and the organisers of this conference, which is aimed at local organisations and their eco-nomic and institutional partners, it has been decided that there will be a specific focus on the risks relating to urban port-city pro-jects. During the conference there

will be a round table organised in association with Aivp which will deal with this issue.

Risk, whether it is technological, natural, climatic or security-rela-ted, is a fundamental aspect of any urban development project, particularly “port-city” projects. The conference will also be an opportunity to look more closely at a new field of risk manage-ment. Future developments in this field will be particularly relevant to Aivp’s program for exchanging international experiences. Aivp’s network will of course be kept informed of the status of this new project.

Contact : Olivier Lemaire – olemaire@aivp.org

cooperation agreement between procip (costa rica) and AiVpLuis Guillermo Carpio Malavasi, Rector of Costa Rica’s State Distance University (UNED) and Jean pierre Lecomte, president of Aivp, signed an agreement at the end of 2012 relating to a research programme for the development of port-cities in Costa Rica (pRO-Cip). The aim of this agreement is to promote the exchange of information between Aivp and pROCip, develop joint actions and ensure the circulation of knowle-dge, particularly through ex-change programmes for experts to participate in the development of Costa Rica’s cities and ports.

pROCip was created in 2010 and its mission is to support the implementation of new urban, economic, environmental and social initiatives in Costa Rica’s various port-cities, in addition to building a national research centre for port-city development. Costa Rica has an Atlantic and Pacific coast; and the port cities of Limon on the Atlantic coast and Puntarenas on the Pacific coast are booming and facing new challenges; particularly with the growth of cruise ship tourism.

The UNED, founded in1977, is a public higher education esta-blishment. its mission is to carry

out scientific and technological research, promote the dissemi-nation of knowledge throughout Costa Rica and establish links

with the global scientific com-munity. UNED’s central base is in the capital, San José and offers distance e-learning

programmes to every province in the country.

Note: See also the interview with Roger Rios Duarte, Coordinator of pROCip, at www.aivp.org

Contact Aivp : olemaire@aivp.org

maritime territories and european corridorsThe Club Territoires Maritimes of FNAU (Fédération Nationale des Agences d’Urbanisme – National Federation of Urban planning Agencies) met on 4 December 2012. The participants interested themselves in port networks and hinterland connections. The various speakers during the day enabled the importance of the role of public bodies in the structuring of European transport corridors to be understood. it is for these bodies to define a strategic vision and a suitable legislative framework; Greta Marini, in the name of Aivp, intervened on the topic of the societal integration of

the ports.

She reminded that this approach is an essential factor for the construction of a triptych “port-City-sustainable citizen” capable of positively influencing the performance of a port city. For Aivp, the objective is to pro-vide answers in face of a highly competitive environment which renders these territories fragile.

Contact Aivp : gmarini@aivp.org

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