Transcription and dna organization
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Assign Yourself: Transcription problems • Do Now: 1.What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA? 2.Which is the universal code? (DNA, RNA, or both) 3.Which is made of nucleotides? (DNA, RNA, or both) 4.Which one is a nucleic acid? (DNA, RNA, or both)
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Transcript of Transcription and dna organization
Assign Yourself: Transcription problems
• Do Now:1. What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA?2. Which is the universal code? (DNA, RNA, or
both)3. Which is made of nucleotides? (DNA, RNA, or
both)4. Which one is a nucleic acid? (DNA, RNA, or
both)
Transcription:DNA to mRNA
Before 1980: Insulin from livestock
Today: Insulin from E. coli bacteria
How is DNA used to make proteins?DNA mRNA Protein
Transcription Translation
DNA mRNA Protein
How is DNA organized?• Nucleotide = building block; just has 1 base (“letter”)• Gene = a piece of DNA with instructions to make 1
protein; 50 to 5000 bases (“letters”)• Chromosome = a very long piece of DNA wound
tightly into an X shape; millions of bases (“letters”)• Genome = all the DNA in all the chromosomes
inside a cell
Processing Piece• Draw a picture to represent how DNA is organized.
Use the words “nucleotide,” “gene,” “chromosome” and “genome.”
1. What organelle synthesizes (makes) proteins?2. Can the DNA ever leave the nucleus to go to the
ribosome?
What is transcription?• Transcription is when DNA is used to make mRNA.
Why is transcription important?• DNA can’t leave the nucleus. So, mRNA has to take
the instructions from the DNA to the ribosome.
Processing Piece:
• Draw a picture of to represent the process of transcription.
(Example: At a restaurant, a waitress writes down your order to carry it to the kitchen.)
How does transcription happen?1. DNA unwinds.2. RNA nucleotides pair with DNA nucleotides: A with U, G with C3. The RNA nucleotides form a mRNA strand.
Processing Piece:
• Illustrate each of the 3 steps of transcription.
Video?
What is RNA polymerase?
• An enzyme that helps make the mRNA strand during transcription.
IA Results!• Average score: 78.6%• % Passing: 82% of students passed, gotta get it
higher! Almost there!• #1 in the District• Highest class period: 6th Period (85% average)• Individual scores are on PowerSchool
Exit Ticket1. What is transcription?2. If a gene in the DNA has this sequence of
bases, what bases would the mRNA have? AATTGC
3. Put these in order from SMALLEST to LARGEST:
Gene, Nucleotide, Genome, Chromosome
