September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event1

train4dev

Training for Development

Supporting Sector Programmes

Senior Level SessionTransport SectorDar es Salaam

1.12.2006

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event2

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Training for Development

Purpose

1. Identify major issues and challenges for harmonisation and alignment at sector level

2. Develop common understanding of the Sector Wide Approach, and the components of a Sector Programme

3. Discuss possible next steps to move the process forward

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event3

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Training for Development

The Aid Agenda & key SWAp concepts

Sector Approach

Support to Sector Programmes

Sector Programme

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event4

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Training for Development

The lessons leading to the aid agenda

• Failure to improve the lives of the poorest

• Low aid effectiveness due to:Weak statesFragmentationMultiple donors and approachesSkewed accountability

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event5

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Training for Development

Harmonisation & Alignment

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event6

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Training for Development

The result: Programme Based

Approaches

“PBA is a way of engaging in development cooperation based on the principle of co-ordinated support for a locally owned programme of development such as a national poverty reduction strategy, a sector programme, a thematic programme or a programme of a specific organisation”

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event7

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Training for Development

The process

is…

…country driven, not

donor driven

…partnership based

…results-oriented

…comprehensive – reflecting

multi-dimensions of

poverty

…prioritised: implementation feasible

…participatory

, involving parliament & civil society

Core principles

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event8

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Training for Development

What is a ‘Sector’?

• Defined by the government• Wide to ensure coherence,

narrow to limit complexity• Fairly coherent & consistent

policy• Institutional framework• Budget framework• Links to macro framework

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event9

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Training for Development

Use/support/strengthen partners’ systems,

harmonise donor systems

What is the Sector Approach?

Ensure local ownership over decision-making on policy,

strategy and spending.

Increase coherence between policy, spending

and actual results

A way of working of government and partnerswith three distinct objectives:

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event10

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Training for Development

What is a Sector Programme?

A Sector Programme is a product of the Sector Approach. It is a government

(not donor) programme

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event11

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Training for Development

Sector programmes: 5 typical elements

Sector policy in macro-framework

Public financemanagement

Accountability & Performance

monitoring

Institutions and capacities

Aid alignment andharmonisation

Services and enabling

environment

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event12

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Training for Development

Five means of donor support to emerging or existing SPs

Sector programme

Financial support

Facilitation, catalyzing, networking

Foster knowledge acquisition

Joint policy dialogue

Pursue the sectorapproach

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event13

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Training for Development

Three financing modalities for support to a SP

...or a combination of these

Budget support

Donor procedures

Pooled funding

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event14

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Training for Development

Financing modalities

Other Sector national budgetrevenues support

‘Pool Fund’Donor XDonor Y

Do

no

r X

Through Treasury

Co-financed activities

Projects

Sector Programme

Do

no

r Z

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event15

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Training for Development

What a SWAp is not…

• A financing modality (basket fund, budget support)…

• Government decides, donors accepts…

• Donors gang up to twist arm on government…

• Government and donors crowding out civil society and private sector

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event16

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Training for Development

What a SWAp can be..

• Focusing on strengthening the nation/sector involving all stakeholders

• Building trust through mutual transparency and patient dialogue

• Dealing with the real, and often thorny issues and trade-offs in sectors

• Strengthening domestic ownership and accountability

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event17

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Training for Development

Typical challenges in SWAp

• For donors: back off, take the back seatrecognise own limited capacity to

understand and deal with complexity accept that ownership is more

important than perfectioncurb disbursement and visibility

pressurepatience and humility

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event18

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Training for Development

Typical challenges in SWAp

• For governments: open books and embrace dialogue –

also on sensitive issuesbuild some order in own houseget results on the agenda, curbing

patron-client relationspatience and humility

September-December 2006 SWAP Joint Learning Event19

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Training for Development

Joint challenges

• Initially higher transaction costs• Balance quick results with long

term capacity development • Get a critical mass of development

partners and national sectors aboard

• Take decentralisation into account