CETB411 TRANSPORTATION AND HIGHWAY ENGINEERING LABORTORY

EXPERIMENT 1.0 : TRAFFIC VOLUMES STUDIES

NAME : KHAIROL FAHMI BIN KAMAROLZAMAN CE087025

GROUP MEMBER : ZIA RAZIFF CHEE BIN FUDIN CHEE CE088743

MOHD SYAZWAN BIN WAHIT CE086981

MUHAMMAD AFIFI BIN MOHD NAJIB CE088392

QAMARUL SYAHID BIN ARIFFIN CE088578

SECTION : 01

LECTURER : PN. NORLELA BTE ISMAIL

DATE OF LABORATORY SESSION : ND JULY 2013

DATE OF REPORT SUBMISSION : 23rd AUGUST 2013

LAB REPORT MARKING

Title Page  Table of Content  

Summary/ Abstract  

Objective  

Theory  

Apparatus / Equipment  

Procedure  

Data and Observations  

Analysis / Results  

Discussion  

Conclusions  

References  

Appendices  

TOTAL %  

~Table of content~

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

NO. TITLE PAGE

1 Cover page 1

2. Table of content 2

3. Abstract 3

4. Introduction 3

5. Theory 3

6. Objective 3

7. Apparatus 4

8. Procedures 4

9. Data, observation & results 5-12

10. Discussion 12

11. Conclusion 13

12. Reference 13

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Abstract

The suitable location to perform this studies is located at the entrance of Murni Apartment where there is

a cross junction located. This study able to determine the vehicle composition in the traffic flow stream,

traffic flow tread, movement pattern, estimate hourly volume and average daily traffic (ADT). From the

data that we obtained, it is clearly shown that the result is very depending on time. We perform the study

on the peak hour of the day due to most students from their colleges finish their classes after 5pm.

However, there frequency of the vehicles is become constant after the peak hours. In order to have an

accurate result from this study, enumerators should perform the survey for a long period of hours rather

that one hour only. Also, choosing the time to perform the test should be critical to have a better

understanding of the traffic flow at the junction. With all the data collected, this will able to determine

junction should put a traffic light to organize the traffics and minimizing accident prone of that junction.

Introduction

Traffic volume studies are conducted to collect data on the number of vehicles and/or pedestrians that

pass a point on a roadway facility during a specified time period. This time period varies from as little as

15 minutes to as much as a year, depending on the anticipated use of the data. The data collected may also

be put into subclasses, which may include directional movement, occupancy rates, vehicles classification

and pedestrian age. The traffic volume counts are conducted by recording observed vehicle with a tick

mark on a prepared field form or using or counter.

Theory

Identify the peak hour factor, PHF of the study

ADT = V

V15 x 4

Where,

V = hourly volume, in vph

V15 = volume during the peak 15 minutes of the peak hour.

Objective

The objectives are:

1. To determine the vehicle composition in the traffic flow stream

2. To observe the traffic flow trend and the movement patter

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3. To estimate hourly volume and average daily traffic (ADT)

Apparatus

1. Mechanical hand tally counter

2. Stop watch

3. Field data survey form

Procedure

At a section of straight road

1. The layout of the study area is selected and sketched. The area selected is a strategic location

(safe of enumerator). Obstructed location is avoided.

2. Each enumerator concentrated on each lane and one-direction flow.

3. The volumes of the observed vehicles is recorded and determined using tally counter according to

class of vehicle in every 15 minutes for 1 hour time. The counter is reset to the zero before

resume counting.

At the intersection

1. The layout of the junction (study area) is selected and sketched. The area selected is a strategic

location (safe of enumerator).

2. Each enumerator concentrated on each lane and one-direction of flow.

3. The movement condition (through, left or right turning) are defined on the intersection under

study.

4. The volumes for each movement is recorded and determined according to class of vehicle in

every 15 minutes for 1 hour time. The counter is reset to the zero before resume counting

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Data, Observations & Result

Point 1:

Survey Station: UNITEN MAIN GATEDirection: From:UNITEN

To:UPM/BANGI

Enumerator: FAHMI Date: 2.7.2013Time: 3.45pm – 4.45pm Weather: FINETable 1:

Direction Movement Time

VEHICLE CLASSIFICATIONCar/Taxi Van/LGV MGV HGV Bus M/Cycle Pedal Others

LEFT TURN

3.45- 4.00 3              4.00-4.15 2              4.15-4.30 2              4.30-4.45 2              

STRAIGHT 3.45- 4.00 1         1 6  

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AHEAD4.00-4.15 2         1 2  4.15-4.30 1           1  4.30-4.45 1           6  

RIGHT TURN

3.45- 4.00 8   1       1  4.00-4.15 4              4.15-4.30 3           1  4.30-4.45 4           1  

Point 2:

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Survey Station:UNITEN MAIN GATEDirection: From:UPM

To:BANGI/UNITEN

Enumerator: ZIA RAZIFF Date2.7.2013Time: 3.45pm – 4.45pm Weather:FINETable 2:

Direction Movement Time

VEHICLE CLASSIFICATIONCar/Taxi Van/LGV MGV HGV Bus M/Cycle Pedal Others

LEFT TURN

3.45- 4.00 3         2 2  4.00-4.15                4.15-4.30 2              4.30-4.45 1           2  

STRAIGHT AHEAD

3.45- 4.00 19   1     6 1  4.00-4.15 8         2    4.15-4.30 19         3    4.30-4.45 3   1          

RIGHT 3.45- 4.00 3           2  

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TURN4.00-4.15                4.15-4.30                4.30-4.45 3              

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Point 3:

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Survey Station:UNITEN MAIN GATEDirection: From:BANGI To:UNITEN

Enumerator: QAMARUL Date: 2.7.2013

Time: 3.45pm – 4.45pm Weather: fineTable 3:

Direction Movement Time

VEHICLE CLASSIFICATIONCar/Taxi Van/LGV MGV HGV Bus M/Cycle Pedal Others

LEFT TURN

3.45- 4.00 6         3    4.00-4.15 3       1 1    4.15-4.30 5   1   1 2    4.30-4.45 4         2 2  

STRAIGHT AHEAD

3.45- 4.00 6         3 16  4.00-4.15 4           8  4.15-4.30 3           10  4.30-4.45 8           8  

RIGHT TURN

3.45- 4.00 7 1       7 9  4.00-4.15 3 1       1 5  4.15-4.30 7 1   1   1 6  4.30-4.45 4   1       1  

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Pie Chart:

Time-Based Distribution Chart

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Identify the peak hour factor, PHF of the study

ADT = V

V15 x 4

Where,

V = hourly volume, in vph

V15 = volume during the peak 15 minutes of the peak hour.

ADT = V__ V15 x 4

= 361_ 132 x 4

= 0.6837 vph

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DISCUSSION

Point 1 (From UNITEN):

From the data we obtained, the table clearly shows that most of the vehicles turn to the right at 3.45pm to

4.00pm. This is due to the student are heading to bangi or putrajaya or UPM. Apart from that, there is lot

of vehicles going out from unite , this is because this is the main gate of UNITEN that student, staff or

guest are coming and out for their own business either going class or work or going to the management

and this path also main way to go back from class to their home.

Point 2 (From UPM):

The table shows that the large amount of traffic is heading to the uniten. This is because there should be

vehicles from student and staff are more likely using this path to go class or work. And furthermore, there

are some vehicle that going straight heading to KLMU or bangi .

Point 3 (From BANGI):

This direction is from bangi, kajang and so on. Therefore, it generate the most vehicles by comparing the

others 3 direction. The amount of vehicles turning to the left or straight is almost the same amount of

vehicle volume.

Thus, the calculated Average Daily Traffic for the area is 0.6537 vph.

From graphs and table above, it is clearly shows that there is no of traffic light located on every point.

This will expose the in great risk on accident along the way. Another suggestion is to hire a traffic officer

or install a traffic light on that junction to improve the traffic order, however it is unnecessary if the traffic

is low.

The obtained result can be improved by several ways. Performing a longer period hours of observation

can improve the data, rather than 1 hour of observation only. With longer period hours of observation, it

will have more interval and better understanding on the junction. Another ways to improve the result is by

choosing the time wisely to perform the study. The best time to collect the data is during normal, off peak

and peak hours continuously during the study.

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CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, our objectives of the study are achieved. Base on our result, we obtained that the car/taxi

are the majority of the vehicle at the area. The second most road users will be the pedal, follow by

motorcycles. The calculated Average Daily Traffic for the area is 0.6537 vph. Therefore, it is suggested

that more signage should be emphasize clearly to the pubic users. Also, long period hours of observations

should be performing in order to have a better understanding of the traffic volume at the junction. Besides

that, from the result that we obtained the road along the UPM and bangi to UNITEN can be classify that

this is main road of the public users.

REFERENCES

1) Traffic and Highway Engineering, Nicholes J. Garber and Lester A. Hoel, 3rd Edition, PWS

Publishing,2002

2) James H. Banks, “Introduction to Transportation Engineering:, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1998.

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