Traffic Volume Study
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Transcript of Traffic Volume Study
Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology
Department of Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering Lab
4th Year; 2nd Semester
Sec : A
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Presented ByGroup-1
Md. Abu Sayeed 09.02.03.001Maksudul Alim 09.02.03.003Abontee Barua 09.02.03.005K.M. Tawrat 09.02.03.006Wasim Ather 09.02.03.008Rezwana Binte Hafiz 09.02.03.053
Presentation on
Traffic Volume Study
What is Traffic Study???.....What is Traffic Study???.....
Traffic studies may be grouped into three main categories: (1) Inventories, (2) Administrative studies, and (3) Dynamic studies.
Traffic Engineering Studies
– Volume studies– Speed studies– Travel time studies– Delay studies– Density studies– Accident studies– Parking studies– Goods movement and transit studies– Pedestrian studies– Calibration studies– Observation studies
Volume Study
Traffic volume is defined as the number of vehicles crossing a section of road per unit time at any selected period. Traffic volume studies are conducted to collect data on the number of vehicles and/or pedestrians that pass a point on a highway facility during a specified time period.
This time period varies from as little as 15 min to as much as a year, depending on the anticipated use of the data.
Objectives of the study
To determine of vehicle composition in traffic stream.
To determine the service flow rate in PCU/PCE unit.
To estimate of ADT based on expansion factor.
To determine the directional distribution(DD).
To draw flow fluctuation curves
Scope of the StudyE
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To check existing, operating service condition of a roadway section
Planning traffic operation and control of existing facility
To design intersection, signal timings, channelization
Structural design of pavements, geometric design and road way capacity
Volume Study
Traffic volume studies are usually conducted when certain volume characteristics are needed, some of which follow:
oAverage Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)oAverage Daily Traffic (ADT)oPeak Hour Volume (PHV)oVehicle Classification (VC)oVehicle Miles of Travel (VMT)
DEFINITIONS AND USEFUL PARAMETRS
Definitions & Useful Parameters• Volume: Volume on a road is the number of vehicles passing
the measurement point during a specified time interval.
• Demand: is a measure of the number of vehicles (or
passengers, or persons) waiting for service in the given time period.
• Capacity: is the maximum number that can reasonable be
expected to be served in the given time period.
Definitions & Useful Parameters
• PCE:
Passenger Car Equivalent is essentially the impact that a mode of transport has on traffic variables (such as headway, speed, density) compared to a single car
• PCU:
It is a vehicle unit used for expressing highway capacity unit
Definitions & Useful Parameters
• Daily Volumes:
A common time interval for volumes is a day.• Daily volumes are frequently used as the basis
for highway planning and general observations of trends.
Daily Volume
commonly used daily volume parameters
Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)
the average of 24-hour counts collected every day of the year.
Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
the average of 24-hour counts collected over a number of days greater than one but less than a year.
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DEFINITIONS & USEFUL PARAMETERS
Peak Hour Volume (PHV) the maximum number of vehicles that pas a point on a highway during a period of 60 consecutive minutes.
Vehicle Classification (VC) with respect to the type of vehicles for cars, two-axle trucks, or three-axle trucks.
Flow Rate Vehicles/ 15 min expanded to 1 hour
Factors Hourly expansion factors (HEFs) are determined
by the formula
Daily expansion factors (DEFs) are computed as
Definitions (cont…)
• Directional Distribution
Directional Distribution is the predominant one-way traffic volume expressed as a percentage of two-way traffic
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Methods of counting volumeMethods of counting volume
The two basic methods of counting traffic are: Manual observation Automatic recording
Manual observation……
Most applications of manual counts require small samples of data at any given location.
Manual counts aresometimes used when the effort and expense of automated equipment are not justified
Mechanical count board
Electronic count board
Manual observation……
Tally Sheets
Recording data onto tally sheets is the simplest means of conducting manual counts. The data can be recorded with a tick mark on a pre-prepared field form. A watch or stopwatch is necessary to measure the desired count interval
Automatic recording
Methods of counting volume…
Permanent Counters
Portable Counters
Video Recording
Automatic counting
Types of Volume Counts
Cordon Counts
Screen Line Counts
Intersection Counts
Types of Volume Counts
Periodic Volume counts
Pedestrian Volume counts
Cordon Counts
Screen Line Counts
Intersection Counts
METHODOLOGY OF OUR STUDY
Study Area ( Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue)
RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY
Location: Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue (Flyover)Date: June 20, 2013Time: 8:15am - 8:30amDuration: 15 minuteWeather: Sunny dayMethod: Manual (Direct)
General Information
Car
Bus
Motorbike
CNG
Microbus/Pajero
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY
General Information
Location: Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue Date: June 19, 2013 (Wednesday)Time: 3:30 to 3:45 pmDuration: 15 minuteWeather: ClearMethod: Manual (Direct)
TimeCar,Jeep,Micro,Ta
xi3
WheelerMotorcy
cle Bus NMT Total
3:30-3:45 pm 215 80 33 37 22 387
Number of vehicle
Type of vehicleNo. of vehicle PCE Converted no. of
vehicle or PCU
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi 215 1.0 215
3 Wheeler 80 0.5 40
Motorcycle 33 0.1 3.30
Bus 37 3.0 111
NMT 22 0.5 11
Total 387 380.3
Converted no. of Vehicle
Rate of Flow = 380.30 vehicle/15 min
Service flow rate of Reconnaissance survey
= 380.30*4 = 1521.20 vehicle/hour
FINAL SURVEY
Field activities and Time distribution
Location: Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue
Date: June 20, 2013 (Thursday)
Time: 8:15 to 8:30 am
Duration: 15 minute
Weather: Clear
Method: Manual (Direct)
General InformationGroup no. 01
TimeCar,Jeep,Micro,Ta
xi3
WheelerMotorcy
cle Bus NMT Total
8:15-8:30 263 110 43 41 48 505
Group no. 01 (cont)Number of Vehicle
Type of vehicle No. of vehicle PCE Converted no. of vehicle or PCU
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi 263 1 263
3 Wheeler 110 0.5 55
Motorcycle 43 0.1 4.3
Bus 41 3 123
NMT 48 0.5 24
Total 505 469.30
Group no. 01 (cont) Converted no. of Vehicle
Rate of Flow = 469.30 vehicle/15 min
Service flow rate = Rate of Flow * 4
= 469.3*4
= 1877.20 vehicle/hour
Group no. 01 (cont)
Hourly expansion factor, HEF = 17.11
Daily volume of traffic
= Service flow rate*HEF
= 1877.20*17.11
= 32118.892 vehicle/day
Group no. 01 (cont)
Daily expansion factor, DEF = 7.012
Weekly volume of traffic
= Daily volume of traffic*DEF
= 32118.892*7.012m
= 225217.67 vehicle/week
Group no. 01 (cont)
Average daily traffic, ADT= Weekly volume of traffic/7= 225217.67/7= 32173.95 vehicle/day
Group no. 01 (cont)
Annual average daily traffic= ADT*1.395= 32173.95*1.395 = 44882.66 vehicle/day
Group no. 01 (cont)
Group no. Time
Car,Jeep,Micro,Tax
i3
WheelerMotorcyc
le Bus NMT Total
1 8:15-8:30 263 110 43 41 48 505
2 8:30-8:45 262 127 60 45 17 511
3 8:45-9:00 169 63 40 26 4 302
4 9:00-9:15 239 106 80 36 0 461
5 9:15-9:30 220 94 55 33 16 418
Total 1153 500 278 181 85
Number of Vehicle (Flyover to Shatrasta)
Type of vehicle
No. of vehicle
PCE Converted no. of
vehicle or PCU
% PCU
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi
1153 1 1153
57.183953 Wheeler 500 0.5 250 12.39895Motorcycle 278 0.1 27.8 1.378763
Bus 181 3 543 26.93052NMT 85 0.5 42.5 2.107821Total 2016.3 100
Converted no. of Vehicle(Flyover to Shatrasta)
Vehicle Composition of Traffic Stream (Flyover to Shatrasta)
57.18%
12.40%1.38
%
26.93%
2.11%
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi
3 Wheeler
Motorcycle
Bus
NMT
Group no. Time
Car,Jeep,Micro,Ta
xi3
WheelerMotorcyc
le Bus NMT Total
6 8:15-8:30 314 125 110 24 7 580
7 8:30-8:45 341 111 88 35 40 615
8 8:45-9:00 282 132 74 25 0 513
9 9:00-9:15 341 142 62 48 0 593
10 9:15-9:30 314 105 61 32 0 512
Total 1592 615 395 164 47
Number of Vehicle(Shatrasta to Flyover)
Type of vehicle
No. of vehicle
PCE Converted no. of
vehicle or PCU
% PCU
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi
1592 1 1592
64.860463 Wheeler 615 0.5 307.5 12.52801Motorcycle 395 0.1 39.5 1.609289
Bus 164 3 492 20.04482NMT 47 0.5 23.5 0.957425Total 2454.5 100
Converted no. of Vehicle(Shatrasta to Flyover)
Vehicle Composition of Traffic Stream (Shatrasta to Flyover)
64.86%12.53%
1.61%
20.04%
0.96%
Car,Jeep,Micro,Taxi
3 Wheeler
Motorcycle
Bus
NMT
Flyover to Shatrasta
Service flow rate
(PCU/hour)
Shatrasta to Flyover
Service flow rate
(PCU/hour)Group 01 1877.20 Group 06 1852Group 02 1900 Group 07 2121.20Group 03 1707 Group 08 1721.6Group 04 1632 Group 09 2392.8Group 05 1518 Group 10 1874.4Average 1726.84 Average 1992.32
Directional distribution 46 % Directional
distribution 54%
Directional Distribution
Service flow rate Histogram(Flyover to Shatrasta)
8:15-8:30 8:30-8:45 8:45-9:00 9:00-9:15 9:15-9:300
500
1000
1500
2000 1877.2 19001707 1632
1518
Time
PCU
/hou
r
Service flow rate Histogram(Shatrasta to Flyover)
8:15-8:30 8:30-8:45 8:45-9:00 9:00-9:15 9:15-9:300
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1852
2121.2
1721.6
2392.8
1874.4
Time
PCU
/hou
r
Directional Distribution
46%
54%
Flyover to StatrastaStatrasta to Flyover
Time
Flyover to Statrasta Statrasta to FlyoverAverage of
% ADTGroup no.
ADT (vehicle/day) % ADT Group
no.ADT
(vehicle/day) % ADT
8:15-8:30 1 32173.95 21.23 6 31742.04 18.59 19.91
8:30-8:45 2 32564.73 21.49 7 36355.95 21.29 21.39
8:45-9:00 3 29256.84 19.30 8 29507.07 17.28 18.29
9:00-9:15 4 27971.39 18.45 9 41010.99 24.02 21.23
9:15-9:30 5 29596.88 19.53 10 32125.96 18.82 19.18
Total 151563.79 100 170742.01 100
Flow Fluctuation
Flow Fluctuation Curve
8:15-8:30 8:30-8:45 8:45-9:00 9:00-9:15 9:15-9:300
5
10
15
20
25
Flyover to Shatrasta Shatrasta to FlyoverAverage
Time
% A
DT
Recommendations Only 26% of total vehicles were Buses.
Public transport should be increased and improved.
Recommendations 5% of total vehicles were Non-motorized vehicles.
A dedicated lane should be provided to facilitate non-motorized vehicle.
Recommendations
39% of total vehicles were private cars. To reduce the number of private cars two steps can be taken-
• Introducing Tolls\HOT\Congestion pricing along some specific urban roadways.
• Introducing parking permits and restricting parking space.
Recommendations
In order to pick up and drop off passengers, bus-lay-by should be provided.
Operated manual counting without a single Hand Counter.
No provision for cross check in the manual method.
No vantage location from where video method could be used to collect data.
Limitation
Thank You…….