Towards Science, Technology and Innovation2/10/2014 Sustainable Development Education, Research and...

Towards Science, Technology and Innovation 04/10/23

Sustainable Development Education, Research and

InnovationVision for Knowledge Economy

Professor Maged Al-SherbinyAssistant Minister for Scientific Research

Towards Science, Technology and Innovation 04/10/23

PoliticalLeadershi

p

M.O.S.R

Research centersn= 362

Researchers and Scientistsn= 98,000

Civil Communityn= 77 million

H.C.S.T

S.T.D.F

73% in University

13% in Institutes

14% in Industry

Methodology for the Evaluation of the Egyptian S&T Landscape

Module 1: Demand on S&T

Challenges and Potentials for the Egyptian S&T System

Module 3: Solution

Design Principles for S&T Strategic Policy

Module 2: Performance of S&T

Capabilities and Efficiency of the Egyptian S&T System

Work Package 7: Assessment of the Relevant Framework Conditions of S&T in Egypt (Educational system, ICT Infrastructure, Financial System, Patent system, Tax System, Competition Policy, Socio-cultural Embedding of S&T)

Work Package 8: Design Principles of Institution Building, Reorganisation and Support

Work Package 9: Design Principles for the Incentive Structure

Work Package 10: Design Principles for Technology Transfer and Regional Development – Strengthening SME

Work Package 11: Design Principles for Strengthening International Cooperation in R&D

Work Package 12: Proposals for Activities Accompanying the Implementation of S&T Strategic Policy

Work Package 1: Assessment of Industrial Needs

Work Package 2: Technology Foresight Process for selected Technologies

Work Package 3: Analysis of National R&D Indicators

Work Package 4: Performance of University Research

Work Package 5: Performance of Non-University Research Institutes

Work Package 6: Assessment of Technology Transfer and Regional Distribution of Technology Supply

Analysis of

Status Quo

Future Activitie

s

Three modules on a time scale

Module 3Design Principles for the Egyptian

SRT Strategic Policy

Module 1Demand on SRT

Module 2Performance on SRT

Time

Project Approach – Methodology

Project Background: Basic and Applied Research

Science Applied Research Industry

KnowledgeBrokering

KnowledgeBrokering

SRT-Policy

https://www.arttoday.com//Main/signup/index?PRODUCT=AT_3D_TRI

Importance of S&T indicatorsImportance of S&T indicators

••Helping to describe the science and technology system,Helping to describe the science and technology system,

••Enabling better understanding of S&T structure, Enabling better understanding of S&T structure,

••Enabling better understanding of the impact of policies and Enabling better understanding of the impact of policies and programs on it. programs on it.

••Enabling to evaluate the impact of science and technology Enabling to evaluate the impact of science and technology on society and the economy.on society and the economy.

Importance of S&T indicatorsImportance of S&T indicators

• S&T data are not readily available in Egypt except in S&T data are not readily available in Egypt except in government and higher education sectors government and higher education sectors

• If they were available, they are not in systematic If they were available, they are not in systematic manner or incompletemanner or incomplete

• Data of (expenditures or R&D personnel) are difficult Data of (expenditures or R&D personnel) are difficult to obtain especially from private sectors.to obtain especially from private sectors.

• There is no standard method to collect data of S&TThere is no standard method to collect data of S&T

CHALLENGESCHALLENGES

•Egyptian government took several steps to collect data for Egyptian government took several steps to collect data for science and technology indicators.science and technology indicators.

••Building a capacity for S&T documentation in stakeholder Building a capacity for S&T documentation in stakeholder institutions.institutions.

••Planning to conduct surveys to collect science and technology Planning to conduct surveys to collect science and technology data in Egypt. data in Egypt.

R&D SurveysR&D Surveys

Innovation SurveyInnovation Survey

Performance SurveyPerformance Survey

Efforts in S&TEfforts in S&T

Science and Technology indicatorsScience and Technology indicators

Inputs

R&D ExpenditureR&D personal

S&TIndicators

Outputs

The results of R&D activities (patent, scientific publication, etc….)

Science and Technology indicatorsScience and Technology indicators

Competitiveness indicatorsCompetitiveness indicators

Knowledge indicatorsKnowledge indicators

Innovation and technology indicatorsInnovation and technology indicators

Higher education indicatorsHigher education indicators

R&D indicatorsR&D indicators

www.themegallery.com


R & D Personnel indicatorsR & D Personnel indicators includes researchers, includes researchers, professionals and individuals concerned with the design professionals and individuals concerned with the design

and application of new knowledge, products and and application of new knowledge, products and production processes and regulations, also includes production processes and regulations, also includes

individuals who work in research and development and individuals who work in research and development and performing scientific and technical tasks based on the performing scientific and technical tasks based on the

application of ideas and methods under the supervision of application of ideas and methods under the supervision of researchersresearchers

R & D expenditureR & D expenditure Includes total expenditure spent on Includes total expenditure spent on R&D, as government expenditures on research and R&D, as government expenditures on research and

development, private non-profit firms and private development, private non-profit firms and private corporate, and higher education expenditures. It also corporate, and higher education expenditures. It also

includes foreign financial contributions.includes foreign financial contributions.

R&D Indicators


Number of the Research staff in Research Centers Affiliated toThe Ministry Of State for Scientific Research

R&D PersonnelR&D Personnel


4.40%4.90% 48.60%

17.00%

8.10%

7.00%

2.20%

0.90%2.20%4.70%

Agriculture Health Industry Basic Science

Education Engineering Energy Petroleum

Economy Management

The distribution of researchers on the different fields in Egypt 2003



0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

2003/2004 2005/2004 2005/2006 2006/2007

Professor Assistant professorTeacher Assistant TeacherDemonstrator

Thousands

University staff in Governmental Universities



Number of researchers in R&D 1990-2005 (per million people)



Expenditure on educationExpenditure on education

R&D ExpenditureR&D Expenditure


Gross Expenditure on Research and DevelopmentGross Expenditure on Research and Development

(Billion L.E. )

1.71

1.351.31

2.15

1.6

617.7

485.3 538.5

744.8

896.5

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

900

GERD GDP( Billion L.E.)

GD

P

GE

RD

R&D ExpenditureR&D Expenditure


Includes numbers of Egyptian and non-Egyptian enrolled students and graduates in universities and government and private institutes.

Higher Education IndicatorsHigher Education Indicators


Number of universities

Higher Education Indicators



Stu

den

ts e

nro

lled

(m

illi

on

s)

0

0.25

0.5

0.75

1

1.25

1.5

1.75

2

2.25

2.5

2.75

2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007

Students enrolled in higher education and university (including Azhar)



0

50

100

150

200

250

300

2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006

Male Female TotalThousand

University graduates (governmental and private)



0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

human science Engineering Science

medical science Agricultural science

Basic science

Thousand

Relative distribution of graduates (governmental - private)Relative distribution of graduates (governmental - private) according to the specializationaccording to the specialization


Innovation and Technology IndicatorsInnovation and Technology Indicators

The indicators include 4P's : Publications , Patents, The indicators include 4P's : Publications , Patents, Prototypes and Product.Prototypes and Product.

They are considered as outputs of science and They are considered as outputs of science and technology indicatorstechnology indicators


“4P’s” Concept

Direct Impact of International Cooperation

Products

Patents

Publications

Scientific Research

Knowledge Based Economy

S&T Role in Knowledge Based

Community

S&T Research not Involving International CooperationCurrent Status of Scientific Research

Indirect Experience Gained through International Cooperation

Prototypes


Innovation and Technology Indicators

Research published in the Egyptian Journals



Research published in International Journals



Number of patents granted by the Egyptians from different patent office



Distribution of Egyptian patent according to specialization

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Humanitarianneeds

Restructuringoperations andtransport

Chemistry andMetallurgy

Textile and paper

Establishedbuildings

MechanicalEngineering

Nature and nuclear

Electricity andcommunications


Knowledge indicatorsKnowledge indicators

Includes Fixed and Mobile Telephone , Includes Fixed and Mobile Telephone , Number of Internet User and Number of Internet User and National awardNational award


Knowledge Indicators

Fixed and mobile telephone and number of internet user



0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Millions 2002 2003 2004

Number of Personal computers (2002 - 2004)



0123456789

10Millions 2002 2003 2004

Number of Cellular mobile telephone subscribers (2002- 2004)



IT clubs in Egypt



IT companies in Egypt



High-Technology Exports 2004


Global Competitiveness rankings



The Basic requirements, GCR 2005–06 (out of 117 economies), Global Competitiveness Index 2007 in Egypt and some Arab countries



Institutions, Infrastructure, Macro economy, Health and primary education in Egypt and some Arab countries



Higher education and training, Market efficiency ,Technological readiness in Egypt and some Arab countries



Innovation factors, Gender Gap Index 2006 (out of 115 economies)Innovation factors, Gender Gap Index 2006 (out of 115 economies) in Egypt and some Arab countriesin Egypt and some Arab countries



Innovation, Business sophistication in Egypt and some Arab countriesInnovation, Business sophistication in Egypt and some Arab countries

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