Towards more smart, connected and open audiovisual archives
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Johan Oomen Head of Research Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision @johanoomen Towards more smart, connected and open audiovisual archives 29 October 2014 http://sipad2014.sched.org
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As a result of digitisation of analogue holdings and working processes, more and more material from audiovisual archies is being made available online. This marks a transformative shift, as archives and users are now sharing the same information space. Once digital and part of an open network, objects from audiovisual archives can be shared, recommended, remixed, embedded, cited, referenced to and so on. It is a far cry from several years ago, when users were obliged to visit brick and mortar institutions to access collections. This shift towards digital enables archives to fulfil their pubic missions better; crossing geographical boundaries, using new channels for content distribution, engage with user groups and use new technologies to make work processes more efficient and allow for new access points to collections. It also introduces fundamental challenges, forcing audiovisual archives to [1] rethink their role and function in the value chain of media production and modern society at large, [2] assess which activities and competences are vital to succeed in a digital context. We envision the future audiovisual archives to be smart, connected and open; using smart technologies to optimise workflows for annotation and content distribution. Collaborating with third parties to co-design and co-develop new technologies in order to manifest themselves as frontrunners rather than followers. Being connected to other sources of information (other collections, contextual sources), to a variety of often niche user communities, researchers and the creative industries. To embrace the use of standards defined by external instances rather than by the cultural heritage communities themselves. Fully embrace ‘open’ as the default to have maximum impact in society: applying open licences for content delivery, using open source software and open standards wherever possible. Promote open access to publications and so on. This keynote examines how the public mission of archives (i.e. supporting a myriad of users to utilize collections to learn, experience and create) can be achieved in a digital context. It addresses the challenges related to the role and function of institutions and provides practical insights in how archives can establish a culture of innovation to manage challenges they face today. It addresses some of the major questions audiovisual archives are faced with today.
Transcript of Towards more smart, connected and open audiovisual archives
Johan Oomen Head of Research
Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision @johanoomen
Towards more smart, connected and open audiovisual archives
29 October 2014http://sipad2014.sched.org
A
10,3 petabyte (October. 2014)
Visuals https://vimeo.com/51425368 - Sebastiaan ter Burg CC-BY
+ backup 10,3 petabyte
A
- broadcast archives- national audiovisual archives
- libraries with AV collections- museums, footage sales libraries, …
A variety of ‘entities’ look after audiovisual collections!
- private ‘archives’
http
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Source: http://blog.1000memories.com/94-number-of-photos-ever-taken-digital-and-analog-in-shoebox Date of publication: 2011. Note 1000 Memories stopped its operations after being acquired by Ancestry
Institutions and missions
- “As guardian of Dutch audiovisual heritage, we keep Dutch history, as documented in moving images, alive. We enable everyone to utilize the collections to learn, experience and create.” (mission Sound and Vision)
- “[a library] is a place where a nation nourishes its memory, and exerts its imagination - where it connects with its past and invents its future” (Pierre Ryckmans, 1996)
- „places that foster curiosity, celebrate ideas and enable discovery.” (sxswLAM community, http://www.sxswlam.com/)
Impact
1. We are more effective and efficient in delivering change and tangible benefits (Internal Impact);
2. Our organization is gaining strategic advantage through the innovation inherent in this digital activity (Innovation Impact);
3. We are delivering a strong economic benefit to our community that demonstrate the worth and value of our endeavours in clear monetary terms (Economic Impact);
4. and the community has been changed by the resource in beneficial ways that can be clearly identified (Social Impact)
Source: Simon Tanner, Kings College London http://www.kdcs.kcl.ac.uk/innovation/impact.html
The picture we love…
- Source: http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/whitepapers/Avid_Everywhere.pdf
…where everything revolves around the archive-
…in the meantime
- Content production changes - Distribution changes - Media consumption changes - Business models change - Attention economy - Copyright legislation hardly changes
Source: kpcb.com/InternetTrendsNote: 1 petabyte = 1MM gigabytes, 1 zetabyte = 1MM petabytes.
2/3rd’s of digital universe Content = consumed & created by consumers
New stars!
Source: Horowitz Associates, State of Cable and Digital Media Report, 4/14. Note: Study based on 1,200 interviews in 1/14 among heads of households (18+) who watch any kind of TV. Live TV defined as watching linear programming that is not time-shifted from original programming time intended. TV Content defined as any type of video content. Computer includes desktop + notebook. Mobile includes smartphone + tablet.
‘device share’ of TV Content
Content distribution
(not so legal) Content distribution
In the news this week…
84% of mobile owners use devices while watching TV
Source: Nielsen Connected Devices Report, Q3, 2013Sample = 13+ years old, 9,448 respondents who own a mobile device (tablet, smartphone, etc.)
thousands of hrs of new television content produced by Dutch public broadcasters every year
Hours of archival content of Sound and Vision used in this new content
Attention economy - some guestimates (1/2)
Total collection of Sound and Vision 750k of hours (& growing daily)
we need different channels!
competing for attention
Attention economy - some guestimates (2/2)
Sound and Vision - Channels (3 examples…)general public & creative industries
media studies scholars general public
Ahere we go!
A
how do we reach out to new user groups? What is the level and
nature of engagement we seek?
A
what service level do we provide to new user groups? (digital humanities scholars,
tourism, app developers, and so on)
A
how can we fulfill our missions in the context of current copyright legislation, especially for recent
(in copyright) material?
A
what is our position in the ‘value chain’ in an post-analogue
context? Which services do we provide next to services offered
by market players?
A…..
Source - Pedro Venzini (cc-by)
Smart OpenConnected
We need more of this
Smart
– using new technologies for indexing and retrieval and linking
– link to workflows of the creative industries – explore distribution over various devices and
platforms
Audiovisual broadcasts
Professional annotation
Search engine
Television makers
General public
Academics
Television makers
General public
AcademicsProfessional annotation
Audiovisual broadcasts
Search engine
Machine analysis Data gathering
WikisTwitter
Subtitles
Importer
NewsCrowdsourcing
Data gathering
• Large-scale data for some programs
• Access to opinions about television
• Puts programs in larger national context
• Affordable
• Noisy data (sometimes)
• Not created for the archive
• Unclear how the data can be used (sometimes)
Data gathering: pros and cons
Low-level features
Multimediacontent analysis
today sniper fire disrupted the funeral of an eleven year old ethnic albanian boy he was killed yesterday while while chopping wood his family blames serb police before his death louisiana state police now say six workers were killed after a natural gas well exploded and caught fire about forty five miles east of shreveport four others were injured in yesterday's blast a police spokesman says the derek started to melt in the intense heat the
Audio transcripts Concept detectors
Speaker recognition Face recognition
Machine analysis
• Extremely detailed, millisecond-level descriptions
• Directly describe video content
• Affordable
• Large scale!
• Noisy
• Limited to what the machine “knows”
• No summarisation of what is important
• Confusing for users
Machine analysis: pros and cons
AXES project
Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVfrSnmHE2o Via: www.axes-project.eu/
Connected
- to users: Sound of the Netherlands
- between collections: EUscreen
- to distributed content: After the Libration
Sound of the Netherlands
Step 1: uploading hundreds of high quality, digitized archival sounds to Soundcloud
www.geluidvannederland.nl
Sound of the Netherlands
Step 2: placing the sounds on the map & ask the world to contribute
Sound of the Netherlands
enrichments on Soundcloud
inserts in Wikipedia pages
app ‚Mix van Nederland’
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Goosehttp://tools.wmflabs.org/glamtools/baglama.php?
https://soundcloud.com/beeldengeluid/commentaar-en-racegeluiden-op
„Sound of the emperor goose”
The consortium
The network
The website (1/2)
The website (2/2)
tens of thousands of video’s and photo’s
Beyond search => context!
exhibitions academic journal
EuropeanaNational Library of Spain (597)
Complutense University Library of Madrid (194) EuroPhoto ANP provider (145)
Audiovisual Library of the European Commission (127) Världskulturmuseet (93)
Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford (84) askaboutireland.ie (83)
Classical Renaissance (64) Etnografiska museet (42)
Royal Albert Memorial Museum (35) National Library of the Netherlands - Koninklijke Bibliotheek (26)
Austrian National Library (21) Ghent University Library (20)
EuroPhoto SCANPIX provider (19) Ethnologisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (13)
Royal Museums Greenwich (11) Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig (10) e_Buah (Universidad de Alcalá, Spain) (9)
The Wellcome Library (8) TopFoto.co.uk (8)
Archiv der sozialen Demokratie (AdsD) (7) Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (7)
Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche (7) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (7)
Natural History Museum, Vienna - Herbarium W (7) CulturaItaliaInternet Culturale / biblioteca nazionale centrale - firenze (6)
Hunterian Museum (5) Nationaal Archief (5)
Uppsala University (5) VGA (5)
DW-WORLD.DE | Deutsche Welle (4) ČT (4)
Architekturmuseum der Technischen Universität Berlin in der Universitätsbibliothek (3) Bavarian State Library (3) Det Danske Filminstitut (3) EuroPhoto MTI provider (3) Imperial War Museums (3)
Sportmuseum Vlaanderen - Centrum voor Sportcultuur (3) University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU (3)
Amsab-Institute of Social History (2) Biblioteca Virtual del Patrimonio Bibliográfico (2)
Collecting Records OMP (2) CulturaItaliaMuseiD-Italia (2) EuroPhoto DPA provider (2)
Fitzwilliam Museum (2) Natural History Museum of Denmark (2)
Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (2) Smithsonian Institution Libraries (2)
TVC (2) Uppsala Universitet (2)
architekturclips_network (2) Alinari Archives (1)
Arts Productions Ltd (1) Atria, Institute on Gender Equality and Women's History (1)
Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (1) Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (1)
Catalogue en ligne Carmentis (1) Cinecittà Luce S.p.A. (1)
Danish Broadcasting Corporation (1) Deutsche Welle (1)
Deutsches Filminstitut - DIF (1) Digital Mechanism and Gear Library - www.dmg-lib.org (1)
Digitum : Depósito de la Universidad de Murcia (1) Frauenforschungs-, -bildungs- und -informationszentrum FFBIZ e.V. (1)
Fundacion Albeniz (1) Gerstein - University of Toronto (archive.org) (1) Gredos (Universidad de Salamanca, Spain) (1)
Hedatuz (1) Institut National de l'Audiovisuel (1)
Institutul Național al Patrimoniului (1) Kunst i offentlige rom - KORO (1)
Lippmann+Rau-Stiftung (Lippmann+Rau Foundation); Germany (1) MAC's Grand-Hornu (1) MBLWHOI Library (1)
Minerva (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain) (1) ModeMuseum Provincie Antwerpen (1)
Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (University of Cambridge), Cambridge, UK (1) Museum of Fine Arts Ghent (1)
Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent (1) NIOD (1)
Nasjonalbiblioteket (1) National Library of Denmark (1) National Széchényi Library (1) Norges Olympiske Museum (1)
OAPEN Foundation (1) Open Society Archives at Central European University (1)
Portable Antiquities (1) Repozytorium Politechniki Krakowskiej (1)
Research Libraries UK (1) Rijksmuseum (1)
Ringve (1) Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1)
SNM - Historické múzeum v Bratislave (1) Sunnfjord Museum (1)
Swiss National Library (1) The European Library (1)
The Military Archives of Sweden (1) Universitat Jaume I (1)
University of California Libraries (archive.org) (1) University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries (archive.org) (1)
VRT (1)
the query for “Mexico City” => results from 101 memory organisations.
32+ million objects (October 2014)
EuropeanaNational Library of Spain (597)
Complutense University Library of Madrid (194) EuroPhoto ANP provider (145)
Audiovisual Library of the European Commission (127) Världskulturmuseet (93)
Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford (84) askaboutireland.ie (83)
Classical Renaissance (64) Etnografiska museet (42)
Royal Albert Memorial Museum (35) National Library of the Netherlands - Koninklijke Bibliotheek (26)
Austrian National Library (21) Ghent University Library (20)
EuroPhoto SCANPIX provider (19) Ethnologisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (13)
Royal Museums Greenwich (11) Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig (10) e_Buah (Universidad de Alcalá, Spain) (9)
The Wellcome Library (8) TopFoto.co.uk (8)
Archiv der sozialen Demokratie (AdsD) (7) Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (7)
Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche (7) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (7)
Natural History Museum, Vienna - Herbarium W (7) CulturaItaliaInternet Culturale / biblioteca nazionale centrale - firenze (6)
Hunterian Museum (5) Nationaal Archief (5)
Uppsala University (5) VGA (5)
DW-WORLD.DE | Deutsche Welle (4) ČT (4)
Architekturmuseum der Technischen Universität Berlin in der Universitätsbibliothek (3) Bavarian State Library (3) Det Danske Filminstitut (3) EuroPhoto MTI provider (3) Imperial War Museums (3)
Sportmuseum Vlaanderen - Centrum voor Sportcultuur (3) University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU (3)
Amsab-Institute of Social History (2) Biblioteca Virtual del Patrimonio Bibliográfico (2)
Collecting Records OMP (2) CulturaItaliaMuseiD-Italia (2) EuroPhoto DPA provider (2)
Fitzwilliam Museum (2) Natural History Museum of Denmark (2)
Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (2) Smithsonian Institution Libraries (2)
TVC (2) Uppsala Universitet (2)
architekturclips_network (2) Alinari Archives (1)
Arts Productions Ltd (1) Atria, Institute on Gender Equality and Women's History (1)
Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (1) Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (1)
Catalogue en ligne Carmentis (1) Cinecittà Luce S.p.A. (1)
Danish Broadcasting Corporation (1) Deutsche Welle (1)
Deutsches Filminstitut - DIF (1) Digital Mechanism and Gear Library - www.dmg-lib.org (1)
Digitum : Depósito de la Universidad de Murcia (1) Frauenforschungs-, -bildungs- und -informationszentrum FFBIZ e.V. (1)
Fundacion Albeniz (1) Gerstein - University of Toronto (archive.org) (1) Gredos (Universidad de Salamanca, Spain) (1)
Hedatuz (1) Institut National de l'Audiovisuel (1)
Institutul Național al Patrimoniului (1) Kunst i offentlige rom - KORO (1)
Lippmann+Rau-Stiftung (Lippmann+Rau Foundation); Germany (1) MAC's Grand-Hornu (1) MBLWHOI Library (1)
Minerva (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain) (1) ModeMuseum Provincie Antwerpen (1)
Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (University of Cambridge), Cambridge, UK (1) Museum of Fine Arts Ghent (1)
Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent (1) NIOD (1)
Nasjonalbiblioteket (1) National Library of Denmark (1) National Széchényi Library (1) Norges Olympiske Museum (1)
OAPEN Foundation (1) Open Society Archives at Central European University (1)
Portable Antiquities (1) Repozytorium Politechniki Krakowskiej (1)
Research Libraries UK (1) Rijksmuseum (1)
Ringve (1) Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1)
SNM - Historické múzeum v Bratislave (1) Sunnfjord Museum (1)
Swiss National Library (1) The European Library (1)
The Military Archives of Sweden (1) Universitat Jaume I (1)
University of California Libraries (archive.org) (1) University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries (archive.org) (1)
VRT (1)
now: built new apps using this content!
32+ million objects (October 2014)
After the Liberation
• Enriched version of “After the Liberation’, a 7-part documentary
• Original sources: films, soundtracks, photos & newspaper articles used in the series and as research material
• From official archives (45) to personal collections (35)
• Tablet-first development: more and more tv-viewers use tablet during and after viewing
www.nadebevrijding.nl
Open
FULFILL THEIR PUBLIC MISSION “For content to be truly accessible, it needs to be where the users are,
embedded in their daily networked lives.” (Wabel, 2009)
STIMULATING COLLABORATION AND CREATIVITY “No maSer who you are,
most of the smartest people work for someone else.” (Joy’s Law, via Michael Edson)
• open licences
• open source, open standards
• various collections
• syndication!!
Open Images www.openimages.eu
“if it doesn’t spread, it’s dead” (Jenkins, 2013)
Syndication as strategy
MW2012
Example: ‘soccer’ page Dutch Wikipedia
Measuring impact
Number of items on Wikimedia Commons 1,600
Number of articles on Wikipedia 2,000
Number of language versions 70
Number of views 50,000,000!!!
2013 numbers http://www.openimages.eu/blog/2014/09/sound-and-vision-on-the-future-of-video-on-wikipedia/
Positive effects of ‘open’
Source: Europena (cc-by)
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What can you do today: smart
- Collaborate with computer science university - Identify areas where you can use open source
technology - Only outsource what you understand - Explore ‘two speed’ IT: loose coupling of:
- asset management & storage (slow) - access (fast, agile)
What can you do today: connected
- Users are digital, mobile & online - social media strategy - bring content where users are - syndicate! - convenient
- Educate staff - cataloguers & bloggers
- Forge new partnerships - Content creators - Humanities scholars
What can you do today: open
- Use open licenses and encourage others to do so too
- Join the conversation: http://openglam.org - Follow a course: https://p2pu.org/en/groups/
open-glam/
Jason Ryan: http://www.slideshare.net/jasonryan/mcn-measuring-engagement (via Simon Tanner)
institutional websites
Measuring Measuring
74
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'the virtues of an archivist: rage, paranoia and kleptomania’
Jason Scott
…lets add ‘fearlessness’
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Credits
Johan Oomen Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision
@johanoomen
Many thanks to: - Lotte Belice Baltussen @lottebelice - Maarten Brinkerink @mbrinkerink - Jesse de Vos @85jesse - Bouke Huurnink - Roeland Ordelman - @RoelandOrdelman - Erwin Verbruggen - @erwinverb - Michael Edson - @mpedson
www.highexistence.com/images/view/where-the-magic-happens-vs-your-comfort-zone-2/
Johan Oomen Head of Research
Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision @johanoomen
Towards more smart, connected and open audiovisual archives
29 October 2014http://sipad2014.sched.org
