Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality
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Transcript of Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality
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8/10/2019 Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality
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DAMPAK KEGIATAN MANUSIA TERHADAPKUALITAS LINGKUNGAN
ACTIVITIES ONACTIVITIES ON
QUALITYQUALITY
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Since Homo sa iens live on the
planet of earth c.a.180,000 yearsa o, human activities have been
increased that cause great impacts
to environment
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Nomadic hunting and food gathering
Settled agriculture (animaldomestication and plants cultivation
Settled agriculture has increased food
su l that led to su ort morepeople, but decrease the environment
ualit
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Human activities for settled agriculture and itsHuman activities for settled agriculture and its
mpac o env ronmen ampac o env ronmen a
Peoples Cut down vast forest to supply woodor ue an u ng ma er a so eros on
Plowed up large expanses of grassland to
Built irrigation systems to transfer water from
one place to another continous avaibility ofwater for plants
which degraded the quality of ecosystems
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Modern agriculture has harmful impacts onModern agriculture has harmful impacts on
a r, so , wa er, an o vers y resourcesa r, so , wa er, an o vers y resources
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RRaising livestock to produce meat by openaising livestock to produce meat by opengrazing could destroyed ecosystemsgrazing could destroyed ecosystems
Lightly grazed
7Overgrazed
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City development andCity development and
urbanizationurbanization Urbanization: the formation of villa es,
town, and cities. Some villages grew intotowns and cities, which served as center
for trade, government and business
Towns and cities concentrated sewa eand other wastes, polluted the air and
water
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Re resented shift from de endence on
renewable energy wood to non-renewable fossil fuels first coal, later oil
and natural gas) this led to switch from
handmade oods in small scale roductionto large scale machine-made goods in
industries cities
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Effects of extracting, processing and using ofEffects of extracting, processing and using of
m nera oss ue sm nera oss ue s
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Using fossil fuels can leak intoUsing fossil fuels can leak into
the ocean ecosystemsthe ocean ecosystems a large amount Liquid fossil fuels can
seeps into ocean Tanker accidents
Waste oil dumped from activities on land
Oil spill onto the ocean and kill a
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Surface and subsurface mining causeSurface and subsurface mining cause
ollution and de radation of stream andollution and de radation of stream andgroundwater by runoff of acidsgroundwater by runoff of acids
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Burning fossil fuels produces billions tones ofBurning fossil fuels produces billions tones of
COCO22
one of greenhouse gases that contributeone of greenhouse gases that contribute
global warming climate changeglobal warming climate change
Projected emissions of three important greenhouse gases as
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Several Impact of human activities cause a major issue:Several Impact of human activities cause a major issue:
CLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE
EFFECT of CLIMATE CHANGE to HUMAN HEALTH
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Buildin roads is one of human activities thatBuildin roads is one of human activities thatcause destruction and degradation land andcause destruction and degradation land and
ecosystemecosystem
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Soil Degradation
Areas of degraded soil of the world
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Controlling pest population by sprayingControlling pest population by spraying
a pes c esa pes c es About 2.5 million tons
developed and developingcountries to control pests such as
The use of pesticides threat
human health:
-According WHO , nearly 3 million agricultural
workers in develo in countries are seriousl
poisoned by pesticides each year, estimated 180,000deaths
-In develo ed countr such as USA, 300,000 farms
worker suffer from pesticides related illnesses each
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Decline of marine species (mostly fish)Decline of marine species (mostly fish)
About 75% of the
worlds commercial
ocean c s s oc s are
in decline
19Pollution, habitat degradation
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Overload wastes into water causeOverload wastes into water cause
egra a on o wa er qua yegra a on o wa er qua y
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Global water useGlobal water use
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The use of too much water by human mayThe use of too much water by human may
e ec o e ava y o res wa er e ec o e ava y o res wa er
Due to large population, human withdraw
un ergroun wa er as er an s rep en s e
depletion of fresh water
intrudes into aquifer and contaminate drinking
water along coastal area
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Natural flooding primarily caused by heavy rain and
de radation of water holdin ca acit of soil
Natural flooding have benefits:
-
- recharge groundwater
- refill wetland ,
cause property damage
flood damage by:-removing water-absorbing vegetation (hillsides)
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-living on flood plain
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Flood Plain
Hillside
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Nuclear powerNuclear power
Produce energy: produce electricity at much lower cost than coal
g - eve ra oac ve was es s ore n poo o wa er a p an s e
Nuclear disaster happened at Ukraine (Chernobyl nuclear powerlant in 1986:
- killed 3,576 ~ 32,000 people
- a series of explosions caused a huge
radioactive d cloud spread over Ukraine,Russia and other parts of Europe
- forced 40,000 people to leave their homes,
probably never to return
Global nuclear power plant peaked in the 1990s and is projected todecline
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Information and globalizationInformation and globalization
revolutionrevolution Technologies such as telephone,
radio, television, computers, theinternet, remote sensing satellites
providing people to access people to
have much more information on aglobal scale
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Positive affect of information andPositive affect of information and
globalization revolutionglobalization revolution Allow us to respond environmental problems
Allow us to use remote sensing satellites tosurvey resources and monitor changes in the , , , ,
regions, cities, and other system
Can reduce pollution and environmentaland energy and communication for transportation
Allow environmental researchers and activist to
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Negative affect of informationNegative affect of information
and globalization revolutionand globalization revolution IT could cause confusion, distraction and
sense o hopelessness as rapidlygrowing environmental information
ncrease env ronmen a egra a on andecrease cultural diversity as a
of the earth and homogenizes theworlds cultures including disease
Creating and introducing newtechnologies much faster than we caeva ua e e r mpac s
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Spread by air, water, food, body fluids,
some insects, and other nonhumancarrier (vector)
uman ac v es suc as n erna onatraveling can rapidly spread diseases
, , , ,smallpox andAIDS
Mi ration to uninhabited rural areas and
deforestation in tropical country canexpose to disease spread by vectorssuc as ma ar a
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People with AIDS symptom
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Humans activities affectedHumans activities affected
biodiversitybiodiversity
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Kill endangered animal causeKill endangered animal cause
depletion o biodiversitydepletion o biodiversityConsume such rotein endan er Confiscated roducts from
species of Gori lla endangered species
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